Papers by Farahnaz Ahmadi
Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling, 2014
The solubility of paracetamol in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) + ethanol and NMP + ethanol + water... more The solubility of paracetamol in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) + ethanol and NMP + ethanol + water solvent mixtures at 25 °C was determined using the shake flask method. The generated data extended the solubility database of pharmaceuticals and also was used to assess the solubility prediction capability of the Jouyban-Acree model in NMP + ethanol + water mixtures. The accuracy of the predicted solubilities was evaluated by the mean percentage deviation (MPD) between the predicted and experimental solubilities. The MPD of the Jouyban-Acree model for predicting the solubility of paracetamol in NMP + ethanol + water mixtures at 25 °C was 14.6 %.
Regenerative Engineering and Translational Medicine, 2022
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) of humans show a high ability to proliferate and differentiate. Th... more Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) of humans show a high ability to proliferate and differentiate. Therefore, due to their reproducibility and multi-linear differentiation, they are used in various fields, including tissue engineering and regenerative drugs. One of the most important technologies in controlling drug release is in situ forming implant systems (ISFIs). In the present study, it was hypothesized that dexamethasone (Dex)-ISFI is a suitable system for preparing a scaffold for tissue engineering and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteogenic cells. Dental specimens were collected from the third molar teeth of 18 to 30 year old patients. To examine how differentiation into osteoblasts takes place, we added DPSCs, ascorbic acid (Asc), β-glycerophosphate (β-Gly), Dex, and Dex-ISFI to our solution. Then, the differentiation process was measured by Alizarin Red-S staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and western blot analysis. Our results indicated that Dex-ISFI (implant) and Dex (standard) groups boosted extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization using Alizarin Red-S staining. In addition, ALP activity was elevated in these groups (implant and standard) compared to the control group. The Dex-ISFI treated group increased the expression of proteins (ALP, osteopontin, and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2)) compared to the control group. This study demonstrated that Dex-ISFI could prompt the process of differentiation of DPSCs into osteoblasts. This study assessed effects of dexamethasone-in situ forming implant (ISFI) on the differentiation process of human dental pulp stem cells to osteoblasts results showed that Dex-ISFI could prompt the process of differentiation of DPSCs into osteoblasts.
Journal of Mashhad Dental School, 2021
Introduction: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are known as multipotent stem cells which differenti... more Introduction: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are known as multipotent stem cells which differentiate into three different cell lines, including osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Until now, dental precursor cells have been used in tissue engineering studies for pre-clinical applications. The dexamethasone in-situ forming implant (ISFI) is capable of releasing medicine that is trapped in the aquatic environment slowly and continuously in a few days to weeks. The present research aimed to investigate the ability of human DPSCs to differentiate into bone tissue in the presence of dexamethasone ISFI as a source of dental mesenchymal stem cells. Materials and Methods: The DPSCs were extracted from the third molar tooth. To investigate the process of differentiation into osteoblasts, β-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid, and dexamethasone ISFI in solution were added to the cells. The differentiation process was verified by Alizarin Red S stain, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and...
Copyright © 2013 Mahdi Mojarrab et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creat... more Copyright © 2013 Mahdi Mojarrab et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective. Artemisia ciniformis (Asteraceae) and A. biennis are two of 34 Artemisia species growing naturally in Iran. In this study we investigated whether different extracts of A. ciniformis and A. biennis have protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in rat cardiomyoblast cells (H9c2). Method. The dried and ground aerial parts of these two species were extracted successively using petroleum ether (40–60), dichloromethane, ethyl acetate (EA), ethanol (EtOH) and ethanol: water (1: 1) by maceration method. To evaluate whether different extracts of A. ciniformis and A. biennis protect cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells from H 2
The antiproliferative effect of dichloromethane extract of Artemisia aucheri (A. aucheri) has bee... more The antiproliferative effect of dichloromethane extract of Artemisia aucheri (A. aucheri) has been demonstrated previously on human cancerous cell lines. In the current study, further fractionation was carried out on the dichloromethane extract of A. aucheri and their cytotoxic effects were evaluated on three human cancer cell lines; SKNMC, MCF-7, and A2780. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay and activation of caspases was evaluated by spectrophotometry. Quantitative real time RT-PCR was used to evaluate the genes expression. Detection of DNA fragmentation was carried out by flow cytometry. The obtained results showed that fractions 5 and 7 (F5 and F7) have a potent cytotoxic effect, especially against MCF-7 cells. F5 and F7 also induced apoptosis through the DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption in MCF-7 cells. The caspase-3, 9 enzyme activities were also increased after exposure to F5 and F7. Moreover, caspase-8 activity increased signific...
A new series of phthalimide based 15-lipoxygenase-1 inhibitors were synthesized and their cytotox... more A new series of phthalimide based 15-lipoxygenase-1 inhibitors were synthesized and their cytotoxic potency was also evaluated in three cancerous cell lines. Namely, SKNMC (neuroblastoma), PC3 (prostate carcinoma) and HT29 (colorectal cancer) cell lines were applied and the obtained results were compared to doxorubicin. The obtained compounds exhibited a high inhibitory activity towards 15-lipoxygense-1 compared to quercetin as reference drug. Compound 3e with meta methoxy moiety was the most efficient one in this series (IC50 = 1.96 ± 0.2 nM). An acceptable in vitro anticancer activity was also observed especially against HT29 cell line. Compound 3d with ortho methoxy moiety demonstrated the highest cytotoxic effect against the mentioned cell line (IC50 = 80.1 nM). The most probable binding mode of the final compounds was also explored using molecular docking.
A new series of previously reported cytotoxic 1,3,4-thiadiazole analogs as potential anticancer a... more A new series of previously reported cytotoxic 1,3,4-thiadiazole analogs as potential anticancer agents were evaluated for induction of apoptosis. Namely, activation of caspases 3, 8 and 9 were assessed in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line (PC-3) as well as Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (HT-29). Cytotoxicity of intended compounds was evaluated in PC-3, HT-29 and Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (MCF-7) using 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay. Furthermore, activity of caspases 3, 8 and 9 were assessed in PC-3 and HT-29 cell lines and obtained results were compared to doxorubicin. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) as well as capability of intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation was also measured in these cell lines. A new series of recently reported cytotoxic 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives were studied mechanistically. Fortunately, the most of the investigated derivatives showed a significant increase in activity ...
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research : IJPR, 2017
In the recent years, the role of LOX enzymes in the origin of neoplastic diseases such as colorec... more In the recent years, the role of LOX enzymes in the origin of neoplastic diseases such as colorectal, skin, pancreatic and renal cancers has been confirmed. A new series of 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives bearing 2-pyridyl moiety was synthesized and the cytotoxicity of the members of this series was assessed using MTT protocol. Enzyme inhibitory activity of the prepared compounds was also tested against 15-lipoxygenase-1 as a novel target for the discovery of anticancer drugs. PC3, HT29 and SKNMC cell lines were utilized and the obtained results were compared with doxorubicin. Overall, nitro containing derivatives exerted a higher cytotoxic activity against PC3 cell line and methoxylated derivatives showed an acceptable activity against SKNMC cell line. Methoxylated derivatives were also the most potent enzyme inhibitors especially at position ortho of the phenyl residue.
In the present study, sodium alginate microparticle for oral delivery of furosemide was designed ... more In the present study, sodium alginate microparticle for oral delivery of furosemide was designed whether the encapsulation into microparticles might improve the oral absorption of this potent loop diuretic. We described preparation of microspheres based on ionotropic gelation method and characterized its physicochemical properties. To acquire an optimum formulation, a Generalized Regression Neural Networks (GRNN) and a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) were employed. The drug loaded formulation parameters were the input vectors of the GRNN and included the amount of polymer, cross linked agent, volume of external and internal phases. The microparticles drug loading, size and in vitro drug release constitute the output vector of each network. In this way, GRNN and MLP were trained to investigate the functional influence of input variables on the output responses. The results demonstrated that GRNN is promising in providing better solutions for optimization of drug delivery system formulat...
A green and efficient one-pot, four-component synthesis of 6-Amino-4-aryl-3-methyl-2,4-dihydropyr... more A green and efficient one-pot, four-component synthesis of 6-Amino-4-aryl-3-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3- c ]pyrazo-carbonitrile derivatives catalyzed by borax in water is described. This method provides several advantages such as environmental friendliness, shorter reaction time, excellent yields, and simple workup procedure. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the synthesized test compounds was investigated against cancer cell lines (SW48, A549, KB, HepG2) in comparison with doxorubicin, a well-known anticancer drug, using MTT colorimetric assay. Our compounds showed good and reasonable cytotoxicity than doxorubicin in some studied cell lines. The compounds 5b (2,4-dimethoxy derivative), 5c (3,4,5-trimethoxy derivative), 5g (4-chloro derivative) in KB cell line (IC 50 = 8±2.217 µM, 7±2.77 µM, 7.5± 1.49 µM respectively), 5f (3-chloro derivative) in A549 cell line (IC 50 = 31.5±2.02 µM), 5g (4-chloro derivative) in HepG2 cell line (IC 50 = 22.5±3.09 µM), 5e (2-chloro derivative), and...
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 2019
New 1,3,4-thiadiazole-based compounds were designed, synthesized, and their anticancer effects we... more New 1,3,4-thiadiazole-based compounds were designed, synthesized, and their anticancer effects were assessed by MTT assay against PC3 (prostate cancer), HT-29 (colon cancer), and SKNMC (neuroblastoma) cell lines. The results were compared to that of doxorubicin. According to MTT assay, some of the synthesized compounds exhibit higher cytotoxic activity (IC 50 , μM range) than doxorubicin against PC3 and SKNMC cells but not HT29 cells. According to the analysis of structure – activity relationship, compounds with methoxy group as an electron donating moiety rendered higher activity than nitro group as an electron withdrawing group. Compound 4d with ortho position of methoxy moiety activated caspases 3 and 9 in both PC3 and HT-29 cell lines.
Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019
A green and efficient one-pot, four-component synthesis of 4-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyranopyrazolone d... more A green and efficient one-pot, four-component synthesis of 4-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyranopyrazolone derivatives 5a–5l is described in ethanol-water with activated potassium carbonate and evaluation of anticancer activity on cancer cell lines and apoptosis mechanism is also investigated. This method provides several advantages such as environmental friendliness, shorter reaction time, excellent yields, and simple workup procedure. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was investigated against cancer cell lines (PC-3, MCF-7, and A-2780) in comparison with doxorubicin, a well-known anticancer drug, using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay. Also apoptosis studies were investigated by caspase-3 and caspase-9 enzymes and mitochondrial membrane potential. Our compounds showed acceptable and moderate cytotoxicity compared with doxorubicin in the studied cell lines. The compounds 5g in PC3 cell line (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50= 104 µM)), 5g and 5i in MCF7 cell line (IC50 = 23 and 87 µM, respectively), and 5g–5i in A2780 cell line (IC50 = 60, 50, and 31 µM, respectively) showed the best results close to the control drug doxorubicin. The compound 5h showed significant result in the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 enzymes in comparison with the control. Only the 5g in MCF7 cells and the 5g–5i derivatives in A2780 cells caused increased mitochondrial membrane potential compared to the control group.
Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2019
Purposes: In the present study, we tried for the first time to examine the anti-proliferative and... more Purposes: In the present study, we tried for the first time to examine the anti-proliferative and anti-apoptogenic effect of Glabridin (Glab) toward three groups of cancer cells (SKNMC, H1299, and A2780). Furthermore, the possibility of co-administration of Glab with doxorubicin (DOX) to these cells was also examined to find out whether Glab can potentiate the cytotoxic effect of this chemotherapy agent. Methods: Different cellular assays (MTT, caspase-3 activity, MMP, RT-PCR analysis) were carried out on the cancer cells treated with Glab. Results: Cellular toxicity assay revealed that Glab can potentially reduce the viability of these cells with IC50 concentrations up to 10, 12, and 38 μM toward A2780, SKNMC, and H1299 cell lines, respectively. The results of MMP and caspase-3 activity assays, in association with the results corresponding to the BAX and Bcl-2 gene expressions, altogether revealed that Glab can exert apoptogenic effect on these cells. The intrinsic mitochondrial pa...
Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2017
Objective: Parkinson's disease, a slowly progressive neurological disease, is associated with... more Objective: Parkinson's disease, a slowly progressive neurological disease, is associated with degeneration of the basal ganglia of the brain and a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine. The main aspects of researches are the protection of normal neurons against degeneration. Fatty acids (FAs), the key structural elements of dietary lipids, are carboxylic straight chains and notable parameters in nutritional and industrial usefulness of a plant. Materials and Methods: Black cumin, a popular anti-inflammatory and antioxidant food seasoning, contains nonpolar constituents such as FAs which were extracted using hexane. Different fractions and subfractions were apt to cytoprotection against apoptosis and inflammation induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) as a neural cell death model. The experiment consisted of examination of cell viability assessment, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), caspase-3 and -9 activity, and measurement of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity. Results: MPP+ induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Pretreatment with subfractions containing FA mixtures attenuated MPP+-mediated apoptosis partially dependent on the inhibition of caspase-3 and -9 activity and increasing the MMP. A mixture of linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid also decreased the COX activity induced by MPP+ in PC12 cells. Conclusion: Our observation indicated that subtoxic concentration of FA from Nigella sativa may exert cytoprotective effects through their anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammation actions and could be regarded as a dietary supplement. Abbreviations used: ANOVA: Analysis of variance; Ca: Calcium; CDCl3: Chloroform; COX: Cyclooxygenase; DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide; EA: Elidic acid; EDTA: Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid; ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay; ESI-MS: Electron spray mass spectroscopy; FAs: Fatty acids; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; GC: Gas chromatography; 1HNMR: Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance; LA: Linoleic acid; MPP+: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; MPTP: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine; MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; N. sativa: Nigella sativa; OA: Oleic acid; PA: Palmitic acid; PBS: Phosphate buffer saline; PC12: Rat pheochromocytoma cell line; PD: Parkinson's disease; PDA: Photo diode array detector; PGE2: Prostaglandin E2; TLC: Thin layer chromatography; TMPD: N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine; USA: United states of America.
Pharmacognosy research
Oxidative stress causes cell damage and is involved in many neurological diseases. The antioxidan... more Oxidative stress causes cell damage and is involved in many neurological diseases. The antioxidant properties of plant materials for the maintenance of health and protecting against different diseases stimulated scientist to investigate different herbs. Different species have exhibited antioxidant activity. This study aims to investigate whether different species could protect the PC12 cells against oxidative stress mediated by HO. For this purpose, different extracts of three species (, , and ) were prepared using petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and Water: Ethanol mixture (1:1 volume ratio). The protective effect of the prepared extracts against HO-induced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species production were compared. The effect of treatment of PC12 cells with different extracts on total glutathione (GSH) level, caspase-3 activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential were also compared. The extracts could not rescue the PC12 cells from oxidative stres...
Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2017
The present study aims to evaluate the protective effect of the compounds isolated from () agains... more The present study aims to evaluate the protective effect of the compounds isolated from () against oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by cisplatin (CIS) in PC12 cells. Six compounds were isolated as quercetrin-3---D-glucopyranoside (QUE), osthol (OST), verbenone-5---D-glycopyranoside (VER), Isoimperatorin (ISO), kaempferol-3---D-glucopyranoside (KAM), and echinophorin B (ECH). For this study, we used MTT reduction assay for detection of protective effects of isolated compounds on CIS-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. The effects of isolated compounds against apoptosis induced by CIS were investigated through the measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), Bax and Bcl2 mRNA expression, and caspase-3 activation. We also assessed oxidative stress by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation with 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). Treatment of cells with QUE and OST before exposure to the CIS increased cell viability, i.e., these compounds ...
DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015
Background: Recent studies have been explained the role of lipoxygenases (LOX) in the origin of c... more Background: Recent studies have been explained the role of lipoxygenases (LOX) in the origin of cancer. Among the lipoxygenases, the 5-LOX, 12-LOX and 15-LOX are more important in the cause of neoplastic disorders. In the present investigation, a new series of anticancer agents with 1,3,4-thiadiazole and phthalimide substructures were synthesized and their in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. Moreover, enzyme inhibitory potency was also assessed by enzymatic protocol towards 15-LOX-1. Molecular docking was performed to explore in silico binding mode of the target compounds. Results: Tested compounds showed a better cytotoxic activity against HT29 cell line (colorectal cancer) in comparison with other cell lines (PC3: prostate carcinoma; SKNMC: neuroblastoma). Unfortunately, all of the tested derivatives rendered lower inhibitory potency than quercetin towards 15-LOX-1. Four hydrogen bonds were detected in docking studies for compound 4d as the most potent derivative in enzymatic assay. Conclusions: The biological results of reported compounds in this research were not so satisfactory. But, further structural modifications are necessary to improve the bioactivity of these derivatives.
Different species of Artemisia (Asteraceae) have shown to exhibit antitumor activity. The aim of ... more Different species of Artemisia (Asteraceae) have shown to exhibit antitumor activity. The aim of this study was to identify the antiproliferative effect of Artemisia aucheri Boiss (A.aucheri) from Iran on cultured human cancer cells. Aerial parts of Artemisia aucheri Boiss. were collected from Chahar Bagh region (2150 m altitude, Sep. 2011),Golestan province, Iran.The dried powdered aerial parts of A.aucheri were extracted with petroleum ether (40-60), dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and ethanol-water (1:1 v/v), respectively.For biological investigation different concentrations of extracts were added to cultured cells and incubated for 24 h. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was employed to assess the cell viability.In addition,morphological changes of cells were assayed using phase contrast inverted microscope. Different extracts exert various growth inhibitory effects. In case of SKNMC,MCF-7 and A2780 cells, pertroleum ether extracts (IC 50 values: 21.0, 26.0 and 28.0 µg/ml, respectively) showed the highest growth inhibitory effects. Dichloromethane extracts showed IC 50 values: 27.0, 35.0 and 55.0 µg/ml, respectively.This study shows the antiproliferative effects of A.aucheri petroleum ether extract on malignant cell lines. Thus, may be considered as a promising chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment.
Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018
Background: Fatty acids (FAs), the key structural elements of dietary lipids, are notable in the ... more Background: Fatty acids (FAs), the key structural elements of dietary lipids, are notable in the nutritional value of plants. Black cumin, a popular anti-inflammatory and antioxidant food seasoning, contains nonpolar constituents such as FAs. Methods: Seeds were extracted using hexane and their cytoprotective activity was assessed against doxorubicin (DOX)-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cell line. Results: In spite of the cellular death induced by DOX toward PC12 cells, bioassay-guided purification showed that pretreatment with FAs mixtures (24h) attenuated DOX-mediated apoptosis, which could be attributed to the inhibited caspase 3 activity and enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential. Palmitic acid, caprylic acid and oleic acid each 1/3 in the mixture, also suppressed DOX-induced ROS generation. Conclusion: Our observation indicated that the subtoxic concentration of FAs from Nigella sativa could effectively protect the cells against oxidative stress, due to their antioxidant activity, and could be regarded as a dietary supplement.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2021
Objective(s): Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can differentiate into functional neurons and have t... more Objective(s): Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can differentiate into functional neurons and have the potential for cell therapy in neurological diseases. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein family shown neuroprotective effect in models of nerve damage. we evaluated the protective effects of G-CSF, conditioned media from DPSCs (DPSCs-CM) and conditioned media from transfected DPSCs with plasmid encoding G-CSF (DPSC-CMT) on SH-SY5Y exposed to CoCl2 as a model of hypoxia-induced neural damage. Materials and Methods: SH-SY5Y exposed to CoCl2 were treated with DPSCs-CM, G-CSF, simultaneous combination of DPSCs-CM and G-CSF and finally DPSC-CMT. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by resazurin (or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay alternatively) and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Western blot analysis was performed to detect changes in apoptotic protein levels. The interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 IL6/IL10 levels were measured with Enzyme-Linked Immuno...
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Papers by Farahnaz Ahmadi