The density of spiders throughout the growth period of rice and sugarcane was investigated using ... more The density of spiders throughout the growth period of rice and sugarcane was investigated using two types of sampling methods (pitfall traps and hand picking) every week from March to October, 2010. A total of 178 araneid fauna belonged to seven families, 10 genera and 22 species were recorded. The Lycosidae (111) was the most common family whereas specimens holding Oxyopidae (2) family found least common among all the families. The Lycosidae was represented by nine species where as Oxyopidae by one. Maximum specimens were gathered in the month of June (37) when relative humidity (%) and rain fall were 61.4±3.25 and 40±6.01mm respectively followed by April (34) and May (33). Ecological parameters i.e. species richness (R), Shannon diversity index (H), Pielous's Evenness Index (E) and Simpson Diversity Index (D) were 28.14, 2.67, 0.92 and 0.93 at Locality-I and 29.43, 2.69, 0.91, and 0.93 at Locality-II, respectively. Proportional Index of Community Similarity (PS) for both Localities was 64.05%.
The present investigation on Brassica juncea L. genotypes is an attempt to study variations and t... more The present investigation on Brassica juncea L. genotypes is an attempt to study variations and to generate variability through hybridization and also to obtain genetic information on some yield attributes for selection in segregating generations. Eight promising genotypes were selected and crossed in all possible combinations under complete diallel system. Data was recorded for seed yield and some important yield attributes. Analysis of variance showed significant differences for all the traits and therefore further analyzed using Hayman's approach, which showed existence of both additive and dominance gene effects governing all the traits. However, estimates for genetic components of variation revealed that additive effects were more important for seeds per siliqua and 1000-seed weight indicating possibility of selection for these traits in early segregating generations. Dominance effects were more prominent with presence of over-dominance for plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant, siliqua length and seed yield per plot, thus suggesting that selection could be effective in latter generations. Only siliqua length showed the presence of directional dominance, while asymmetrical distribution of dominant genes among the parents was identified for all the traits.
International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology, 2014
The present study was conducted at Cotton Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institut... more The present study was conducted at Cotton Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, and Faisalabad Pakistan during 2012. The boll size of Sbe-18 was large; tapering shape, good opening and leaf was of medium size as compared to all other varieties. It was concluded that higher heritability and genetic advance was found for monopodial and sympodial branches, nods to first flower days, number of bolls and plant height. Significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations were found for monopodial and sympodial branches, number of bolls, staple length and fibre fineness. Higher heritability, genetic advance and correlation indicated that selection may be helpful for the improvement of yield and quality of cotton.
Flourishing private economy caused increasing heavy metal damages. • Leafy and rootstock vegetabl... more Flourishing private economy caused increasing heavy metal damages. • Leafy and rootstock vegetables posed higher hazards. • Cr has the biggest non-carcinogenesis effect while Cd generates the greatest cancer risk. • Negative impacts on humans and the environment may cause additional costs not included in sales expenditures.
Cotton Leaf Curl Disease is among the most devastating natural calamity that inflicted huge losse... more Cotton Leaf Curl Disease is among the most devastating natural calamity that inflicted huge losses to cotton crop productivity especially in Pakistan during the last 20 years. The dilemma of CLCuD is still under discussion among the researchers since its ...
The subject of this study is to determine chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial act... more The subject of this study is to determine chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oil obtained from chamomile flowers (Matricaria chamomilla L.). The essential oil has been obtained by hydrodistillation process on semi industrial production conditions. Qualitative and quantitative composition of the oil was determined by GC-MS and GC-FID analysis. The antioxidative and antimicrobial activity of chamomile essential oil was investigated in terms of their possible application as natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. The obtained results proved the presence of 52 components, wherein the highest content of β-farnesene (29.8 %), α-farnesene (9.3 %), α-bisabolol and its oxide (15.7 %), chamazulene (6.4 %), germacrene D (6.2 %) and spiroether (5.6 %) is determined. The antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH assay. Chamomile essential oil has shown the best antioxidant properties after 90 minutes of incubation with EC 50 value of 2.07 mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of chamomile essential oil was tested using the agar diffusion method wherein the essential oil has shown notably antibacterial effect with the inhibition zone in diameter from 13.33 mm (on Listeria monocytogenes) to 40.00 mm (on Staphylococcus aureus). There was no antimicrobial activity of chamomile oil on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the tested chamomile essential oil, obtained from plant material from the northwestern Republic of Srpska, indicate a significant phytomedical potential.
Salt tolerance of 4 commercial varieties and 17 breeding lines of Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) ... more Salt tolerance of 4 commercial varieties and 17 breeding lines of Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) was assessed at early growth stage and at maturity in field plots artificially salinzed with NaCl and CaCl 2 (1:1 by weight). The average electrical conductivity (EC) of soil was 1.2, 5.2 and 10.5 dS m-1. Forty-five days after sowing (20 days in saline or control conditions), shoot dry weights and sodium (Na) and potassium (K) contents of shoot were determined. At maturity, plant height, number of tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain sterility, shoot dry weight, grain straw ratio and grain yield per plant were measured. There was significant variation between genotypes for all the characters studied. On an average, plant height, number of tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, shoot dry weight, grain straw ratio, grain yield per plant, K content of shoot and K/Na ratio were reduced linearly while grain sterility and Na content of shoot were increased with increasing soil salinity. With increased salinity, reduced number of grains per panicle was mainly found responsible for reduction in grain yield. Generally genotypes having ability to exclude Na from shoot were found salt tolerant in respect of grain yield and vice versa. Na contents of shoot and shoot dry weight 45 days after sowing (DAS) showed significant correlations with grain yield. It is suggested that selection for salinity tolerance in rice can be carried out at an early stage of growth.
As efficient, reproducible, economical and simple mass screening technique for the selection of s... more As efficient, reproducible, economical and simple mass screening technique for the selection of salt tolerant wheat genotypes has been developed. This method is able to identify genetic variation in salinity tolerance in breeding material or in a large number of genotypes of wheat. The germinated seeds of wheat were transplanted in vermiculite filled Japanese paper pots. As the first leaf blade became fully expanded, the Japanese paper pots along with seedlings were transferred to NaCl solution. The NaCl was increased stepwise in two third seedlings, up to the desired salinity levels which were 200 or 100 mol m-3 NaCl and one third Japanese paper pots remained only in nutrient solution as control. Two salt tolerant and two salt sensitive cultivars were included in the study. The plants were grown for 15 days in full strength nutrient solution or at desired NaCl level. The shoot weights were used as estimate of plant salinity tolerance. Shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), Na + and K + contents were measured for the assessment of salt tolerance. The validity of this technique was tested by growing the same cultivars at the same salinity levels in hydroponics or in soil filled pots. Salt tolerance of the cultivars was compared in three screening methods. Good reproducibility of the results among three screening methods authenticated the validity of the Japanese Paper Pot technique for the assessment of salinity tolerance at the early stage of plant growth in cereals.
Medicinal plants constitute an effective source of traditional and modern medicines. The plant is... more Medicinal plants constitute an effective source of traditional and modern medicines. The plant is a biosynthetic laboratory, not only for chemical compounds but also a multitude of the compounds. The present research work was confined to study the macro, microscopic ...
Cotton crop in Pakistan has faced many threats including CLCuV disease, late sowing risks, low yi... more Cotton crop in Pakistan has faced many threats including CLCuV disease, late sowing risks, low yield and poor quality of fiber. Thirty three genotypes from F4 were assessed for earliness, CLCuV disease tolerance, high yield and good quality of fiber at Cotton Research Station, AARI, Faisalabad, Pakistan during 2018-19. For evaluation of these genotypes Principal Component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were performed to select suitable genetic material to utilize them in further breeding programs. The Principal Component Analysis showed first six Principal components having eigen value >1 showing 81. 6 % of total variation with bolls count, weight of bolls, sympodial branches count and yield as being most related to PC I. Cluster Analysis divided 33 genotypes into four divergent groups. Cluster 2 showed least value for CLCuV %, Cluster 3 showed good values for bolls characters, fiber quality and yield and cluster 4 showed good values for earliness. The genotypes in cluster 2...
Social finance is a naïve concept in the mainstream of social entrepreneurial and finance literat... more Social finance is a naïve concept in the mainstream of social entrepreneurial and finance literature. Particularly, in Islamic finance environment it could not attract significant attention from the researchers, academicians, and practitioners. Though, some studies have discussed the tools of Islamic social finance, however, the focus on developing a practicable conceptual framework remained least attentive in recent studies. This study aims to fill this gap and attract the attention of all stakeholders to augment the Islamic Social finance theory and provide grounds for practitioners and academicians to implement technological tools to enhance its social impact. This study uses a qualitative library research approach to develop the spectrum of Islamic social finance and identify the issues faced by the key players within the spectrum. Likewise, technological advancement in the form of crowdfunding is exclusively proposed for the Islamic social finance spectrum in order to overcome ...
Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science, May 10, 2017
The adsorption study of thymol, was carried out at (25±0.1) °C, using granulated surfactant modif... more The adsorption study of thymol, was carried out at (25±0.1) °C, using granulated surfactant modified Iraqi Na – montmorillonite clay (initiated modified bentonite); in a down-flow packed column, the modified mineral was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy. A linear calibration graph for thymol was obtained, which obey Beer's law in the concentration range of 5-50 mg/L at 274 nm against reagent blank. Single-factor-at-a-time approach; showed that the equilibrium time required for complete adsorption was 45 minute with flow rate (4.0drop/ mint). The adsorption of thymol increased with rising pH of the adsorbate solution, increase of solute uptake when the initial adsorbate concentration is increased. The adsorption is mostly physically in nature and fitted with Langmuir model. The result indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic models is fitted very well with the experimental data.
Pakistan postgraduate medical institute, Dec 26, 2022
Objective: To determine the relationship between serum concentration of vitamin D and insulin res... more Objective: To determine the relationship between serum concentration of vitamin D and insulin resistance among patients of gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2021 at Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore. Two hundred pregnant women with gestational diabetes in the age group 20-35 years were included. Blood specimens for fasting glucose, insulin and vitamin D were obtained and analyzed on Roche Cobas c501 and Cobas e411. Based on the vitamin D level they were classified as vitamin D sufficient and vitamin D deficient using cut off of 20 nmol/L. Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was used for gauging insulin resistance. Fasting glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA IR were compared between the two groups. Results: The sample size for this study was of 200 pregnant women. Median age was 28 years (IQR 24-31). Median fasting plasma glucose, Vitamin D levels and HOMA-IR of the study population were 5.3 mmol/L, 19.5 nmol/L and 2.7 respectively. A significant difference (p<0.001) in serum vitamin D was seen among the insulin resistant and nonresistant patients. A strong association (p<0.001) was established between vitamin D and HOMA-IR by Chi-square test. Spearman correlation showed a negative correlation between the two (r =-0.89). Conclusion: A strong association was found linking vitamin D and HOMA-IR. The negative correlation (r=-0.89) indicated that severe the deficiency of vitamin D, more pronounced the insulin resistance among pregnant women having GDM.
Series of sulfonamide-substituted amide (9–11), benzamide (12–15), and 1,3-disubstituted thiourea... more Series of sulfonamide-substituted amide (9–11), benzamide (12–15), and 1,3-disubstituted thiourea (17–26) derivatives were synthesized from a common precursor, i.e., substituted benzoyl chlorides. Structures of all of the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques (1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR),13C NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)). All of the amide (9–15) and thiourea (17–26) derivatives were screened against human carbonic anhydrases, hCA-II, hCA IX, and hCA-XII. Sulfonamide-substituted amides 9, 11, and 12 were found to be excellent selective inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.18 ± 0.05, 0.17 ± 0.05, and 0.58 ± 0.05 μM against hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII, respectively. Compound 9 was found to be highly selective for hCA II and about 6-fold more potent as compared to the standard antagonist, acetazolamide. Safe toxicity profiling of the most potent and selective compounds was determined against normal BHK-21 and HEK-293 T cells. Molecular docking studies were performed, which described the type of interactions between the synthesized compounds and enzyme proteins. In addition, in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) studies were performed, which showed that all of the synthesized molecules fulfilled the druggability criteria.
Jcpsp-journal of The College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 2008
A rare case of culture-positive Nocardia canaliculitis is reported that presented with a history ... more A rare case of culture-positive Nocardia canaliculitis is reported that presented with a history of chronic conjunctivitis and epiphora for the last 1.4 years, refractory to multiple treatment courses. Chronic conjunctivitis and a pouted punctum were observed in the right lower eyelid. Probing and sac syringing was performed. The "Sulfur granules" were expressed and subjected to various microbiological analyses. Nocardia sp was grown on culture. The patient was successfully managed with surgical removal of concretions and topical/systemic antibiotics.
A rare case of parapharyngeal abscess caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae presenting as neck absce... more A rare case of parapharyngeal abscess caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae presenting as neck abscess is reported. The patient had 20 days history of cough, fever and swelling behind right ear. He had not responded to multiple antibiotic treatments given earlier. On the basis of clinical examination and CT scan finding, he was diagnosed as having parapharyngeal abscess pointing in the neck. The abscess was drained and the patient was treated with injectable Ceftriaxone, due to identification of penicillin - resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
The population of world is accelerating fast with increased number of malnourished people having ... more The population of world is accelerating fast with increased number of malnourished people having deficiency of micronutrients, particularly in developing countries. Mineral malnutrition is considered to be the most serious among the global challenges for humans. Biofortification of wheat grain through genetics is a powerful methodology for altering the balance of nutrients in the human food on a large scale. In this study, concentration of mineral nutrients, protein and grain yield were studied to find out potential source of minerals in historical and present spring wheat varieties of Pakistan with the objective to strengthen the hybridization programme and to develop high nutritive wheat. Fifty eight genotypes were sown according to randomized complete block design with three replications. Total nitrogen in wheat grain samples was determined by the Kjeldahl method and grain nitrogen value in percentage was multiplied by 6.25 to get grain protein concentration. Potassium was measured with the help of Jenway Flame Photometer and phosphorus was determined colorimetrically using spectrophotometer. Zn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ and Mn 2+ were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. A wide range of diversity was observed among the studied varieties for grain yield, protein and seven mineral in wheat grain. The grain yield was increased and nitrogen concentration in the endosperm diluted over time of green revolution. While mineral concentration of Zn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , NO 3 and protein was significantly low in present local varieties as compared to the mean of pre-green revolution local varieties. Fe 2+ concentration was significantly increased in present local varieties than the local varieties of green revolution period. The mean of grain yield, Zn 2+ , Mn 2+ and H 2 PO 4 concentration of
The density of spiders throughout the growth period of rice and sugarcane was investigated using ... more The density of spiders throughout the growth period of rice and sugarcane was investigated using two types of sampling methods (pitfall traps and hand picking) every week from March to October, 2010. A total of 178 araneid fauna belonged to seven families, 10 genera and 22 species were recorded. The Lycosidae (111) was the most common family whereas specimens holding Oxyopidae (2) family found least common among all the families. The Lycosidae was represented by nine species where as Oxyopidae by one. Maximum specimens were gathered in the month of June (37) when relative humidity (%) and rain fall were 61.4±3.25 and 40±6.01mm respectively followed by April (34) and May (33). Ecological parameters i.e. species richness (R), Shannon diversity index (H), Pielous's Evenness Index (E) and Simpson Diversity Index (D) were 28.14, 2.67, 0.92 and 0.93 at Locality-I and 29.43, 2.69, 0.91, and 0.93 at Locality-II, respectively. Proportional Index of Community Similarity (PS) for both Localities was 64.05%.
The present investigation on Brassica juncea L. genotypes is an attempt to study variations and t... more The present investigation on Brassica juncea L. genotypes is an attempt to study variations and to generate variability through hybridization and also to obtain genetic information on some yield attributes for selection in segregating generations. Eight promising genotypes were selected and crossed in all possible combinations under complete diallel system. Data was recorded for seed yield and some important yield attributes. Analysis of variance showed significant differences for all the traits and therefore further analyzed using Hayman's approach, which showed existence of both additive and dominance gene effects governing all the traits. However, estimates for genetic components of variation revealed that additive effects were more important for seeds per siliqua and 1000-seed weight indicating possibility of selection for these traits in early segregating generations. Dominance effects were more prominent with presence of over-dominance for plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant, siliqua length and seed yield per plot, thus suggesting that selection could be effective in latter generations. Only siliqua length showed the presence of directional dominance, while asymmetrical distribution of dominant genes among the parents was identified for all the traits.
International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology, 2014
The present study was conducted at Cotton Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institut... more The present study was conducted at Cotton Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, and Faisalabad Pakistan during 2012. The boll size of Sbe-18 was large; tapering shape, good opening and leaf was of medium size as compared to all other varieties. It was concluded that higher heritability and genetic advance was found for monopodial and sympodial branches, nods to first flower days, number of bolls and plant height. Significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations were found for monopodial and sympodial branches, number of bolls, staple length and fibre fineness. Higher heritability, genetic advance and correlation indicated that selection may be helpful for the improvement of yield and quality of cotton.
Flourishing private economy caused increasing heavy metal damages. • Leafy and rootstock vegetabl... more Flourishing private economy caused increasing heavy metal damages. • Leafy and rootstock vegetables posed higher hazards. • Cr has the biggest non-carcinogenesis effect while Cd generates the greatest cancer risk. • Negative impacts on humans and the environment may cause additional costs not included in sales expenditures.
Cotton Leaf Curl Disease is among the most devastating natural calamity that inflicted huge losse... more Cotton Leaf Curl Disease is among the most devastating natural calamity that inflicted huge losses to cotton crop productivity especially in Pakistan during the last 20 years. The dilemma of CLCuD is still under discussion among the researchers since its ...
The subject of this study is to determine chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial act... more The subject of this study is to determine chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oil obtained from chamomile flowers (Matricaria chamomilla L.). The essential oil has been obtained by hydrodistillation process on semi industrial production conditions. Qualitative and quantitative composition of the oil was determined by GC-MS and GC-FID analysis. The antioxidative and antimicrobial activity of chamomile essential oil was investigated in terms of their possible application as natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. The obtained results proved the presence of 52 components, wherein the highest content of β-farnesene (29.8 %), α-farnesene (9.3 %), α-bisabolol and its oxide (15.7 %), chamazulene (6.4 %), germacrene D (6.2 %) and spiroether (5.6 %) is determined. The antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH assay. Chamomile essential oil has shown the best antioxidant properties after 90 minutes of incubation with EC 50 value of 2.07 mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of chamomile essential oil was tested using the agar diffusion method wherein the essential oil has shown notably antibacterial effect with the inhibition zone in diameter from 13.33 mm (on Listeria monocytogenes) to 40.00 mm (on Staphylococcus aureus). There was no antimicrobial activity of chamomile oil on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the tested chamomile essential oil, obtained from plant material from the northwestern Republic of Srpska, indicate a significant phytomedical potential.
Salt tolerance of 4 commercial varieties and 17 breeding lines of Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) ... more Salt tolerance of 4 commercial varieties and 17 breeding lines of Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) was assessed at early growth stage and at maturity in field plots artificially salinzed with NaCl and CaCl 2 (1:1 by weight). The average electrical conductivity (EC) of soil was 1.2, 5.2 and 10.5 dS m-1. Forty-five days after sowing (20 days in saline or control conditions), shoot dry weights and sodium (Na) and potassium (K) contents of shoot were determined. At maturity, plant height, number of tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain sterility, shoot dry weight, grain straw ratio and grain yield per plant were measured. There was significant variation between genotypes for all the characters studied. On an average, plant height, number of tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, shoot dry weight, grain straw ratio, grain yield per plant, K content of shoot and K/Na ratio were reduced linearly while grain sterility and Na content of shoot were increased with increasing soil salinity. With increased salinity, reduced number of grains per panicle was mainly found responsible for reduction in grain yield. Generally genotypes having ability to exclude Na from shoot were found salt tolerant in respect of grain yield and vice versa. Na contents of shoot and shoot dry weight 45 days after sowing (DAS) showed significant correlations with grain yield. It is suggested that selection for salinity tolerance in rice can be carried out at an early stage of growth.
As efficient, reproducible, economical and simple mass screening technique for the selection of s... more As efficient, reproducible, economical and simple mass screening technique for the selection of salt tolerant wheat genotypes has been developed. This method is able to identify genetic variation in salinity tolerance in breeding material or in a large number of genotypes of wheat. The germinated seeds of wheat were transplanted in vermiculite filled Japanese paper pots. As the first leaf blade became fully expanded, the Japanese paper pots along with seedlings were transferred to NaCl solution. The NaCl was increased stepwise in two third seedlings, up to the desired salinity levels which were 200 or 100 mol m-3 NaCl and one third Japanese paper pots remained only in nutrient solution as control. Two salt tolerant and two salt sensitive cultivars were included in the study. The plants were grown for 15 days in full strength nutrient solution or at desired NaCl level. The shoot weights were used as estimate of plant salinity tolerance. Shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), Na + and K + contents were measured for the assessment of salt tolerance. The validity of this technique was tested by growing the same cultivars at the same salinity levels in hydroponics or in soil filled pots. Salt tolerance of the cultivars was compared in three screening methods. Good reproducibility of the results among three screening methods authenticated the validity of the Japanese Paper Pot technique for the assessment of salinity tolerance at the early stage of plant growth in cereals.
Medicinal plants constitute an effective source of traditional and modern medicines. The plant is... more Medicinal plants constitute an effective source of traditional and modern medicines. The plant is a biosynthetic laboratory, not only for chemical compounds but also a multitude of the compounds. The present research work was confined to study the macro, microscopic ...
Cotton crop in Pakistan has faced many threats including CLCuV disease, late sowing risks, low yi... more Cotton crop in Pakistan has faced many threats including CLCuV disease, late sowing risks, low yield and poor quality of fiber. Thirty three genotypes from F4 were assessed for earliness, CLCuV disease tolerance, high yield and good quality of fiber at Cotton Research Station, AARI, Faisalabad, Pakistan during 2018-19. For evaluation of these genotypes Principal Component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were performed to select suitable genetic material to utilize them in further breeding programs. The Principal Component Analysis showed first six Principal components having eigen value >1 showing 81. 6 % of total variation with bolls count, weight of bolls, sympodial branches count and yield as being most related to PC I. Cluster Analysis divided 33 genotypes into four divergent groups. Cluster 2 showed least value for CLCuV %, Cluster 3 showed good values for bolls characters, fiber quality and yield and cluster 4 showed good values for earliness. The genotypes in cluster 2...
Social finance is a naïve concept in the mainstream of social entrepreneurial and finance literat... more Social finance is a naïve concept in the mainstream of social entrepreneurial and finance literature. Particularly, in Islamic finance environment it could not attract significant attention from the researchers, academicians, and practitioners. Though, some studies have discussed the tools of Islamic social finance, however, the focus on developing a practicable conceptual framework remained least attentive in recent studies. This study aims to fill this gap and attract the attention of all stakeholders to augment the Islamic Social finance theory and provide grounds for practitioners and academicians to implement technological tools to enhance its social impact. This study uses a qualitative library research approach to develop the spectrum of Islamic social finance and identify the issues faced by the key players within the spectrum. Likewise, technological advancement in the form of crowdfunding is exclusively proposed for the Islamic social finance spectrum in order to overcome ...
Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science, May 10, 2017
The adsorption study of thymol, was carried out at (25±0.1) °C, using granulated surfactant modif... more The adsorption study of thymol, was carried out at (25±0.1) °C, using granulated surfactant modified Iraqi Na – montmorillonite clay (initiated modified bentonite); in a down-flow packed column, the modified mineral was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy. A linear calibration graph for thymol was obtained, which obey Beer's law in the concentration range of 5-50 mg/L at 274 nm against reagent blank. Single-factor-at-a-time approach; showed that the equilibrium time required for complete adsorption was 45 minute with flow rate (4.0drop/ mint). The adsorption of thymol increased with rising pH of the adsorbate solution, increase of solute uptake when the initial adsorbate concentration is increased. The adsorption is mostly physically in nature and fitted with Langmuir model. The result indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic models is fitted very well with the experimental data.
Pakistan postgraduate medical institute, Dec 26, 2022
Objective: To determine the relationship between serum concentration of vitamin D and insulin res... more Objective: To determine the relationship between serum concentration of vitamin D and insulin resistance among patients of gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2021 at Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore. Two hundred pregnant women with gestational diabetes in the age group 20-35 years were included. Blood specimens for fasting glucose, insulin and vitamin D were obtained and analyzed on Roche Cobas c501 and Cobas e411. Based on the vitamin D level they were classified as vitamin D sufficient and vitamin D deficient using cut off of 20 nmol/L. Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was used for gauging insulin resistance. Fasting glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA IR were compared between the two groups. Results: The sample size for this study was of 200 pregnant women. Median age was 28 years (IQR 24-31). Median fasting plasma glucose, Vitamin D levels and HOMA-IR of the study population were 5.3 mmol/L, 19.5 nmol/L and 2.7 respectively. A significant difference (p<0.001) in serum vitamin D was seen among the insulin resistant and nonresistant patients. A strong association (p<0.001) was established between vitamin D and HOMA-IR by Chi-square test. Spearman correlation showed a negative correlation between the two (r =-0.89). Conclusion: A strong association was found linking vitamin D and HOMA-IR. The negative correlation (r=-0.89) indicated that severe the deficiency of vitamin D, more pronounced the insulin resistance among pregnant women having GDM.
Series of sulfonamide-substituted amide (9–11), benzamide (12–15), and 1,3-disubstituted thiourea... more Series of sulfonamide-substituted amide (9–11), benzamide (12–15), and 1,3-disubstituted thiourea (17–26) derivatives were synthesized from a common precursor, i.e., substituted benzoyl chlorides. Structures of all of the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques (1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR),13C NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)). All of the amide (9–15) and thiourea (17–26) derivatives were screened against human carbonic anhydrases, hCA-II, hCA IX, and hCA-XII. Sulfonamide-substituted amides 9, 11, and 12 were found to be excellent selective inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.18 ± 0.05, 0.17 ± 0.05, and 0.58 ± 0.05 μM against hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII, respectively. Compound 9 was found to be highly selective for hCA II and about 6-fold more potent as compared to the standard antagonist, acetazolamide. Safe toxicity profiling of the most potent and selective compounds was determined against normal BHK-21 and HEK-293 T cells. Molecular docking studies were performed, which described the type of interactions between the synthesized compounds and enzyme proteins. In addition, in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) studies were performed, which showed that all of the synthesized molecules fulfilled the druggability criteria.
Jcpsp-journal of The College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 2008
A rare case of culture-positive Nocardia canaliculitis is reported that presented with a history ... more A rare case of culture-positive Nocardia canaliculitis is reported that presented with a history of chronic conjunctivitis and epiphora for the last 1.4 years, refractory to multiple treatment courses. Chronic conjunctivitis and a pouted punctum were observed in the right lower eyelid. Probing and sac syringing was performed. The "Sulfur granules" were expressed and subjected to various microbiological analyses. Nocardia sp was grown on culture. The patient was successfully managed with surgical removal of concretions and topical/systemic antibiotics.
A rare case of parapharyngeal abscess caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae presenting as neck absce... more A rare case of parapharyngeal abscess caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae presenting as neck abscess is reported. The patient had 20 days history of cough, fever and swelling behind right ear. He had not responded to multiple antibiotic treatments given earlier. On the basis of clinical examination and CT scan finding, he was diagnosed as having parapharyngeal abscess pointing in the neck. The abscess was drained and the patient was treated with injectable Ceftriaxone, due to identification of penicillin - resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
The population of world is accelerating fast with increased number of malnourished people having ... more The population of world is accelerating fast with increased number of malnourished people having deficiency of micronutrients, particularly in developing countries. Mineral malnutrition is considered to be the most serious among the global challenges for humans. Biofortification of wheat grain through genetics is a powerful methodology for altering the balance of nutrients in the human food on a large scale. In this study, concentration of mineral nutrients, protein and grain yield were studied to find out potential source of minerals in historical and present spring wheat varieties of Pakistan with the objective to strengthen the hybridization programme and to develop high nutritive wheat. Fifty eight genotypes were sown according to randomized complete block design with three replications. Total nitrogen in wheat grain samples was determined by the Kjeldahl method and grain nitrogen value in percentage was multiplied by 6.25 to get grain protein concentration. Potassium was measured with the help of Jenway Flame Photometer and phosphorus was determined colorimetrically using spectrophotometer. Zn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ and Mn 2+ were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. A wide range of diversity was observed among the studied varieties for grain yield, protein and seven mineral in wheat grain. The grain yield was increased and nitrogen concentration in the endosperm diluted over time of green revolution. While mineral concentration of Zn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , NO 3 and protein was significantly low in present local varieties as compared to the mean of pre-green revolution local varieties. Fe 2+ concentration was significantly increased in present local varieties than the local varieties of green revolution period. The mean of grain yield, Zn 2+ , Mn 2+ and H 2 PO 4 concentration of
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