Groundwater plays a vital role in the sustainable development of agriculture, society and economy... more Groundwater plays a vital role in the sustainable development of agriculture, society and economy, and it's demand is increasing due to low rainfall, especially in arid and semiarid regions. In this context, delineation of groundwater potential zones is essential for meeting the demand of different sectors. In this research, the integrated approach consisting of analytical hierarchy process (AHP), multiple influence factors (MIF) and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was applied. The demarcation of groundwater potential zones is based on thematic maps, namely Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), Digital Elevation Model (DEM), hillshade, soil texture, slope, groundwater depth, geomorphology, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and flow direction and accumulation. The pairwise comparison matrix has been created, and weights are assigned to each thematic layer. The comparative score to every factor was calculated from the overall weight of two major and minor influences. Groundwater potential zones were classified into five classes, namely very poor, poor, moderate, good and very good, which cover an area as follows: 3.33 km 2 , 785.84 km 2 , 1147.47 km 2 , 595.82 km 2 and 302.65 km 2 , respectively, based on AHP method. However, the MIF groundwater potential zones map was classified into five classes: very poor, poor, moderate, good and very good areas covered 3.049 km 2 , 567.42 km 2 , 1124.50 km 2 868.86 km 2 and 266.67 km 2 , respectively. The results of MIF and AHP techniques were validated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC). The result of this research would be helpful to prepare the sustainable groundwater planning map and policy. The proposed framework has admitted to test and could be implemented in different in various regions around the world to maintain the sustainable practices.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
The water quality of Hingna area of Nagpur district, Central India was assessed for its suitabili... more The water quality of Hingna area of Nagpur district, Central India was assessed for its suitability as drinking water. 22 water samples, representing both the surface and groundwater sources, were collected and analysed for different inorganic constituents by using the standard procedures. The result depicted abundance of major ions; Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ = HCO3- > Cl- > SO4(2-) > NO3-. The concentrations of different elements in water were compared with the drinking water standards defined by World Health Organization (WHO). The hydro-chemical results reveal that most of the samples were within the desirable limits of the drinking water quality. However, few samples of the area, showed higher values of total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), and magnesium (Mg) indicating their 'hard water type' nature and found to be unfit for the drinking purpose. Such poor water quality of these samples is found due to the combined effect of urbanization and industrial activities. The potential health risks associated with various water parameters have also been documented in this paper.
The paper examines the quality of water in parts of Hingna area of Nagpur district, Central India... more The paper examines the quality of water in parts of Hingna area of Nagpur district, Central India for its irrigational suiatability. For this purpose, a total of twenty two (22) water samples from dugwell (7), borewell (11) and stream (4) were collected and analysed for major ions. The abundance of major ions show Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ = HCO3 > Cl− > SO42- > F−> NO3− in case of borewell samples, and Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Na+ > K+ = HCO3− > Cl−> SO42->F−> NO3− in case of dugwell and surface water samples respectively. The hydrochemical investigation of surface and subsurface water indicates the Ca2+-HCO3− type water predominantly. The important constituents, influencing the water quality for irrigation viz. electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Kelley's ratio (KR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), permeability index (PI), chloroalkaline indices (CAI), bicarbonate hazards and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were determined and compared with the different irrigation water quality classification systems. The study reveals that all the groundwater samples (except one) are suitable for the irrigational purpose. The groundwater pollution, resulted due to the industrial effluents, is clearly observed in case of one of the borewell water sample showing high content of EC, TDS, Alkalinity, Ca2+, Mg2+, TH, Na+, HCO3−, SO42- and Cl−. The same polluted water, if used for irrigation, may cause severe problems to the soils and crops and therefore it is recommended to avoid the same water for irrigation practices.
Water science and technology library, Nov 12, 2020
Hydrological investigation and behavior of watershed depend upon geo-morphometric characteristics... more Hydrological investigation and behavior of watershed depend upon geo-morphometric characteristics of catchment. Morphometric analysis is commonly used for development of regional hydrological model of ungauged watershed. A critical valuation and assessment of geomorphometric constraints has been carried out. Prioritization of watersheds based on water plot capacity of Piperiya watershed has been evaluated by linear, aerial and relief aspects. Morphometric analysis has been attempted for prioritization for nine sub-watersheds of Piperiya watershed in Hasdeo river basin, which is a tributary of the Mahanadi. Sub-watersheds are delineated by ArcMap 9.3 software as per digital elevation model (DEM). Assessment of drainages and their relative parameters such as stream order, stream length, stream frequency, drainage density, texture ratio, form factor, circulatory ratio, elongation ratio, bifurcation ratio and compactness ratio has been calculated separately for each sub-watershed using the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geospatial techniques. Finally, the prioritized score on the basis of morphometric behavior of each sub-watershed is assigned and thereafter consolidated scores have been estimated to identify the most sensitive parameters. The analysis reveals that stream order varies from 1 to 5; however, the first-order stream covers maximum area of about 87.7 %. Total number of stream segment of all order is 1,264 in the watershed. The study emphasizes the prioritization of the sub-watersheds on the basis of morphometric analysis. The final score of entire nine sub-watersheds is assigned as per erosion threat. The sub-watershed with the least compound parameter value was assigned as highest priority. However, the sub-watersheds has been categorized into three classes as high (4.1-4.7), medium (4.8-5.3) and low ([5.4) priority on the basis of their maximum (6.0) and minimum (4.1) prioritized score.
Sustainable Water Resources Management, Apr 6, 2017
India is an agricultural-based country in which groundwater is utilized on a large scale for irri... more India is an agricultural-based country in which groundwater is utilized on a large scale for irrigation. Groundwater resources are indiscriminately exploited causing problems of depletion of water tables. Under this situation, an accurate estimation of groundwater resources in such regions, particularly the semi-arid regions, becomes imperative. In India, various line departments engaged in the groundwater development activities carry out assessment of groundwater potential at periodic intervals. Such programs, many times, result into over/under-estimation of groundwater resources due to non-consideration of spatial database reflecting the actual terrain conditions. Hence, the groundwater development programs in such regions could not be planned precisely. To overcome this situation, an attempt was made to assess the groundwater recharge and withdrawal affecting parameters in a watershed falling under Nagpur district of Central India through spatial database generated by remote sensing technique. For this study, the groundwater resources of the study area were evaluated on the basis of GEC norm, which is a general practice in India, and also using spatial database controlling on factors like geology, geomorphology, land use/land cover, and hydrology, etc. The comparison in between groundwater resources of the GEC norms and the approach through spatial database depicts a difference in recharge, recharge by return flow, worthy area, and withdrawal factors, etc. In this present case, the groundwater estimation based on application of GEC norms indicated an additional scope of construction of new dug wells. However, the estimation carried out using spatial database indicates the over-developed nature of watershed leaving no scope for future development. Similar situations are expected in many watersheds elsewhere in the country. Therefore, there exists a need to revise the conventional groundwater assessment methodology by involving the spatial database, which will help in implementation of groundwater development programs in the most effective and sustainable manner.
The coal seams of Sawang Colliery, East Bokaro Coalfields are bituminous to sub-bituminous in nat... more The coal seams of Sawang Colliery, East Bokaro Coalfields are bituminous to sub-bituminous in nature and categorized as high gaseous seams (degree II to degree III level). These seams have the potential for coal bed methane (CBM) and their maturity increases with increasing depth, as a result of enhanced pressure-temperature conditions in the underground. The vitrinite maceral group composition of the investigated coal seams ranges from 62.50-83.15%, whereas the inertinite content varies from 14.93-36.81%. The liptinite content varies from 0.66% to 3.09%. The maximum micro-pores are confined within the vitrinite group of macerals. The coal seams exhibit vitrinite reflectance values (Ro% calculated) from 0.94% (sample CG-97) to 1.21% (sample CG-119). Proximate analyses of the investigated coal samples reveal that the moisture content (M %) ranges from 1.28% to 2.98%, whereas, volatile matter (VM%) content is placed in the range of 27.01% to 33.86%. The ash content (A%) ranges from 10.92% to 30.01%. Fixed carbon (FC%) content varies from 41.53% to 55.93%. Fuel ratio variation shows a restricted range from 1.53 to 1.97. All the coal samples were found to be strongly caking and forming coke buttons. The present study is based on the adsorption isotherm experiments carried out under controlled P-T conditions for determination of actual gas adsorption capacity of the coal seams. This analysis shows that the maximum methane gas adsorbed in the coal sample CG-81 is 17 m 3 /t (Std. daf), at maximum pressure of 5.92 MPa and experimental temperature of 30 • C. The calculated Langmuir regression parameters P L and V L range from 2.49 to 3.75 MPa and 22.94 to 26.88 m 3 /t (Std. daf), respectively.
Environment, Development and Sustainability, Jul 3, 2019
The present research work accentuates the hydrogeological evaluation for Devdari watershed of Mah... more The present research work accentuates the hydrogeological evaluation for Devdari watershed of Maharashtra, Central India, using remote sensing, GIS, and multi influencing factor (MIF). The thematic layers of land use/land cover, groundwater depth, slope, drainage, flow direction, flow accumulation and geomorphology were prepared using IRS-LISS-III satellite data coupled with Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data on 23.50 and 30 m spatial resolution, respectively. The raster layers of these themes were estimated by employing ArcGIS software 10.3 and multi-influencing factor method and subsequently assigned with the relative weights as per their groundwater potential characteristics. For acknowledgement of the groundwater potential map, all the thematic layers and their respective weightage values were subjected to weighted overlay analysis (WOA) method. The evolved map demonstrates six groundwater potential zones in the study area, i.e., poor to nil (0.27 km 2), very poor (0.95 km 2), poor (17.67 km 2), moderate (0.33 km 2), good (9.51 km 2), very good (14.665 km 2) and excellent (1.84 km 2). A field check survey was carried out to ascertain the validity of groundwater potential maps. The results of study area disclose that the area of watershed with poor, moderate and good-to-excellent groundwater potential zones is evaluated to allow precipitated water to infiltrate into subsurface and finally contribute to groundwater recharge in the watershed area.
The management of groundwater resources for sustainable development is a challenging task in Indi... more The management of groundwater resources for sustainable development is a challenging task in India because of its vast geographical extent (3287000 km 2), where about 1250 million people live. As a result, the Country is facing scarcity of drinking water quite often. This situation compels to adopt management practices for the development of sustainable groundwater resources. The objective of the paper is to focus on need of adoption of appropriate management strategies for sustainable development of groundwater resources. In view of this the groundwater situation in India as reflected through published literature has been discussed, in which the causes of scarcity, aquifer situation, and groundwater assessment in India have been explained. Based on this study the future approach for groundwater management to achieve the objective of sustainable development has been suggested. This paper provides insight to all the controlling factors affecting groundwater resources in India. Based on this, suggestions for future implementation of water conservation programmes have also been discussed. The present study shows that despite availability of ample groundwater resources the country faces drinking water scarcity quite often. This fact needs further analysis of scarcity situation to provide everlasting solution of problems related to groundwater.
Watershed characterization and prioritization have become essential for proper natural resources ... more Watershed characterization and prioritization have become essential for proper natural resources management and sustainable development. This paper introduces an empirical hierarchical method based on the multi-criteria analytical hierarchical process (AHP). This method has been applied for sub-watershed or watershed prioritization and land and water development of sensitive areas in the Koyna River Basin. The study area was delineated and classified into nineteen sub-watersheds, which referred as SW1 to SW19. Remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) methods are highly developed that help planners and policymakers create reliable and timely plans and decisions. The geomorphologic parameters are used in the watershed prioritization analysis covering the linear/areal aspects viz. the bifurcation ratio, stream density, stream frequency, drainage intensity, texture ratio, overland flow with profile factors. Drainage intensity is identified as the most important of morphometric characteristics to identify the prioritization of the watershed. We have found that SW1 to SW5, SW9, SW10, SW16, and SW19 very high priority sub-watersheds, SW6, SW7, SW8, SW11, SW13, SW15, SW17, and SW18 moderate priority sub-watersheds and SW12 and SW14 low priority sub-watersheds in the basin area using RS and GIS methods. These sub-watershed wise planning and management would be beneficial important for the maintaining the ecosystem, and recharging groundwater. The results can be helpful to the development and planning of groundwater resources.
Groundwater plays a vital role in the sustainable development of agriculture, society and economy... more Groundwater plays a vital role in the sustainable development of agriculture, society and economy, and it's demand is increasing due to low rainfall, especially in arid and semiarid regions. In this context, delineation of groundwater potential zones is essential for meeting the demand of different sectors. In this research, the integrated approach consisting of analytical hierarchy process (AHP), multiple influence factors (MIF) and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was applied. The demarcation of groundwater potential zones is based on thematic maps, namely Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), Digital Elevation Model (DEM), hillshade, soil texture, slope, groundwater depth, geomorphology, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and flow direction and accumulation. The pairwise comparison matrix has been created, and weights are assigned to each thematic layer. The comparative score to every factor was calculated from the overall weight of two major and minor influences. Groundwater potential zones were classified into five classes, namely very poor, poor, moderate, good and very good, which cover an area as follows: 3.33 km 2 , 785.84 km 2 , 1147.47 km 2 , 595.82 km 2 and 302.65 km 2 , respectively, based on AHP method. However, the MIF groundwater potential zones map was classified into five classes: very poor, poor, moderate, good and very good areas covered 3.049 km 2 , 567.42 km 2 , 1124.50 km 2 868.86 km 2 and 266.67 km 2 , respectively. The results of MIF and AHP techniques were validated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC). The result of this research would be helpful to prepare the sustainable groundwater planning map and policy. The proposed framework has admitted to test and could be implemented in different in various regions around the world to maintain the sustainable practices.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
The water quality of Hingna area of Nagpur district, Central India was assessed for its suitabili... more The water quality of Hingna area of Nagpur district, Central India was assessed for its suitability as drinking water. 22 water samples, representing both the surface and groundwater sources, were collected and analysed for different inorganic constituents by using the standard procedures. The result depicted abundance of major ions; Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ = HCO3- > Cl- > SO4(2-) > NO3-. The concentrations of different elements in water were compared with the drinking water standards defined by World Health Organization (WHO). The hydro-chemical results reveal that most of the samples were within the desirable limits of the drinking water quality. However, few samples of the area, showed higher values of total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), and magnesium (Mg) indicating their 'hard water type' nature and found to be unfit for the drinking purpose. Such poor water quality of these samples is found due to the combined effect of urbanization and industrial activities. The potential health risks associated with various water parameters have also been documented in this paper.
The paper examines the quality of water in parts of Hingna area of Nagpur district, Central India... more The paper examines the quality of water in parts of Hingna area of Nagpur district, Central India for its irrigational suiatability. For this purpose, a total of twenty two (22) water samples from dugwell (7), borewell (11) and stream (4) were collected and analysed for major ions. The abundance of major ions show Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ = HCO3 > Cl− > SO42- > F−> NO3− in case of borewell samples, and Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Na+ > K+ = HCO3− > Cl−> SO42->F−> NO3− in case of dugwell and surface water samples respectively. The hydrochemical investigation of surface and subsurface water indicates the Ca2+-HCO3− type water predominantly. The important constituents, influencing the water quality for irrigation viz. electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Kelley's ratio (KR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), permeability index (PI), chloroalkaline indices (CAI), bicarbonate hazards and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were determined and compared with the different irrigation water quality classification systems. The study reveals that all the groundwater samples (except one) are suitable for the irrigational purpose. The groundwater pollution, resulted due to the industrial effluents, is clearly observed in case of one of the borewell water sample showing high content of EC, TDS, Alkalinity, Ca2+, Mg2+, TH, Na+, HCO3−, SO42- and Cl−. The same polluted water, if used for irrigation, may cause severe problems to the soils and crops and therefore it is recommended to avoid the same water for irrigation practices.
Water science and technology library, Nov 12, 2020
Hydrological investigation and behavior of watershed depend upon geo-morphometric characteristics... more Hydrological investigation and behavior of watershed depend upon geo-morphometric characteristics of catchment. Morphometric analysis is commonly used for development of regional hydrological model of ungauged watershed. A critical valuation and assessment of geomorphometric constraints has been carried out. Prioritization of watersheds based on water plot capacity of Piperiya watershed has been evaluated by linear, aerial and relief aspects. Morphometric analysis has been attempted for prioritization for nine sub-watersheds of Piperiya watershed in Hasdeo river basin, which is a tributary of the Mahanadi. Sub-watersheds are delineated by ArcMap 9.3 software as per digital elevation model (DEM). Assessment of drainages and their relative parameters such as stream order, stream length, stream frequency, drainage density, texture ratio, form factor, circulatory ratio, elongation ratio, bifurcation ratio and compactness ratio has been calculated separately for each sub-watershed using the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geospatial techniques. Finally, the prioritized score on the basis of morphometric behavior of each sub-watershed is assigned and thereafter consolidated scores have been estimated to identify the most sensitive parameters. The analysis reveals that stream order varies from 1 to 5; however, the first-order stream covers maximum area of about 87.7 %. Total number of stream segment of all order is 1,264 in the watershed. The study emphasizes the prioritization of the sub-watersheds on the basis of morphometric analysis. The final score of entire nine sub-watersheds is assigned as per erosion threat. The sub-watershed with the least compound parameter value was assigned as highest priority. However, the sub-watersheds has been categorized into three classes as high (4.1-4.7), medium (4.8-5.3) and low ([5.4) priority on the basis of their maximum (6.0) and minimum (4.1) prioritized score.
Sustainable Water Resources Management, Apr 6, 2017
India is an agricultural-based country in which groundwater is utilized on a large scale for irri... more India is an agricultural-based country in which groundwater is utilized on a large scale for irrigation. Groundwater resources are indiscriminately exploited causing problems of depletion of water tables. Under this situation, an accurate estimation of groundwater resources in such regions, particularly the semi-arid regions, becomes imperative. In India, various line departments engaged in the groundwater development activities carry out assessment of groundwater potential at periodic intervals. Such programs, many times, result into over/under-estimation of groundwater resources due to non-consideration of spatial database reflecting the actual terrain conditions. Hence, the groundwater development programs in such regions could not be planned precisely. To overcome this situation, an attempt was made to assess the groundwater recharge and withdrawal affecting parameters in a watershed falling under Nagpur district of Central India through spatial database generated by remote sensing technique. For this study, the groundwater resources of the study area were evaluated on the basis of GEC norm, which is a general practice in India, and also using spatial database controlling on factors like geology, geomorphology, land use/land cover, and hydrology, etc. The comparison in between groundwater resources of the GEC norms and the approach through spatial database depicts a difference in recharge, recharge by return flow, worthy area, and withdrawal factors, etc. In this present case, the groundwater estimation based on application of GEC norms indicated an additional scope of construction of new dug wells. However, the estimation carried out using spatial database indicates the over-developed nature of watershed leaving no scope for future development. Similar situations are expected in many watersheds elsewhere in the country. Therefore, there exists a need to revise the conventional groundwater assessment methodology by involving the spatial database, which will help in implementation of groundwater development programs in the most effective and sustainable manner.
The coal seams of Sawang Colliery, East Bokaro Coalfields are bituminous to sub-bituminous in nat... more The coal seams of Sawang Colliery, East Bokaro Coalfields are bituminous to sub-bituminous in nature and categorized as high gaseous seams (degree II to degree III level). These seams have the potential for coal bed methane (CBM) and their maturity increases with increasing depth, as a result of enhanced pressure-temperature conditions in the underground. The vitrinite maceral group composition of the investigated coal seams ranges from 62.50-83.15%, whereas the inertinite content varies from 14.93-36.81%. The liptinite content varies from 0.66% to 3.09%. The maximum micro-pores are confined within the vitrinite group of macerals. The coal seams exhibit vitrinite reflectance values (Ro% calculated) from 0.94% (sample CG-97) to 1.21% (sample CG-119). Proximate analyses of the investigated coal samples reveal that the moisture content (M %) ranges from 1.28% to 2.98%, whereas, volatile matter (VM%) content is placed in the range of 27.01% to 33.86%. The ash content (A%) ranges from 10.92% to 30.01%. Fixed carbon (FC%) content varies from 41.53% to 55.93%. Fuel ratio variation shows a restricted range from 1.53 to 1.97. All the coal samples were found to be strongly caking and forming coke buttons. The present study is based on the adsorption isotherm experiments carried out under controlled P-T conditions for determination of actual gas adsorption capacity of the coal seams. This analysis shows that the maximum methane gas adsorbed in the coal sample CG-81 is 17 m 3 /t (Std. daf), at maximum pressure of 5.92 MPa and experimental temperature of 30 • C. The calculated Langmuir regression parameters P L and V L range from 2.49 to 3.75 MPa and 22.94 to 26.88 m 3 /t (Std. daf), respectively.
Environment, Development and Sustainability, Jul 3, 2019
The present research work accentuates the hydrogeological evaluation for Devdari watershed of Mah... more The present research work accentuates the hydrogeological evaluation for Devdari watershed of Maharashtra, Central India, using remote sensing, GIS, and multi influencing factor (MIF). The thematic layers of land use/land cover, groundwater depth, slope, drainage, flow direction, flow accumulation and geomorphology were prepared using IRS-LISS-III satellite data coupled with Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data on 23.50 and 30 m spatial resolution, respectively. The raster layers of these themes were estimated by employing ArcGIS software 10.3 and multi-influencing factor method and subsequently assigned with the relative weights as per their groundwater potential characteristics. For acknowledgement of the groundwater potential map, all the thematic layers and their respective weightage values were subjected to weighted overlay analysis (WOA) method. The evolved map demonstrates six groundwater potential zones in the study area, i.e., poor to nil (0.27 km 2), very poor (0.95 km 2), poor (17.67 km 2), moderate (0.33 km 2), good (9.51 km 2), very good (14.665 km 2) and excellent (1.84 km 2). A field check survey was carried out to ascertain the validity of groundwater potential maps. The results of study area disclose that the area of watershed with poor, moderate and good-to-excellent groundwater potential zones is evaluated to allow precipitated water to infiltrate into subsurface and finally contribute to groundwater recharge in the watershed area.
The management of groundwater resources for sustainable development is a challenging task in Indi... more The management of groundwater resources for sustainable development is a challenging task in India because of its vast geographical extent (3287000 km 2), where about 1250 million people live. As a result, the Country is facing scarcity of drinking water quite often. This situation compels to adopt management practices for the development of sustainable groundwater resources. The objective of the paper is to focus on need of adoption of appropriate management strategies for sustainable development of groundwater resources. In view of this the groundwater situation in India as reflected through published literature has been discussed, in which the causes of scarcity, aquifer situation, and groundwater assessment in India have been explained. Based on this study the future approach for groundwater management to achieve the objective of sustainable development has been suggested. This paper provides insight to all the controlling factors affecting groundwater resources in India. Based on this, suggestions for future implementation of water conservation programmes have also been discussed. The present study shows that despite availability of ample groundwater resources the country faces drinking water scarcity quite often. This fact needs further analysis of scarcity situation to provide everlasting solution of problems related to groundwater.
Watershed characterization and prioritization have become essential for proper natural resources ... more Watershed characterization and prioritization have become essential for proper natural resources management and sustainable development. This paper introduces an empirical hierarchical method based on the multi-criteria analytical hierarchical process (AHP). This method has been applied for sub-watershed or watershed prioritization and land and water development of sensitive areas in the Koyna River Basin. The study area was delineated and classified into nineteen sub-watersheds, which referred as SW1 to SW19. Remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) methods are highly developed that help planners and policymakers create reliable and timely plans and decisions. The geomorphologic parameters are used in the watershed prioritization analysis covering the linear/areal aspects viz. the bifurcation ratio, stream density, stream frequency, drainage intensity, texture ratio, overland flow with profile factors. Drainage intensity is identified as the most important of morphometric characteristics to identify the prioritization of the watershed. We have found that SW1 to SW5, SW9, SW10, SW16, and SW19 very high priority sub-watersheds, SW6, SW7, SW8, SW11, SW13, SW15, SW17, and SW18 moderate priority sub-watersheds and SW12 and SW14 low priority sub-watersheds in the basin area using RS and GIS methods. These sub-watershed wise planning and management would be beneficial important for the maintaining the ecosystem, and recharging groundwater. The results can be helpful to the development and planning of groundwater resources.
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