Papers by Abdullah Bozkurt
Theory of mind is a social cognition skills demonstrated its importance in the last forty years w... more Theory of mind is a social cognition skills demonstrated its importance in the last forty years with psychiatric clinical trials. Theory of mind is seen as an effective and necessary skill in the social functioning of human who is a social creature as the ability to recognize the mental states and emotions of others. In the first six years of life, theory of mind has been associated with many fields. Findings related to many neurobiological bases, such as limbic-paralimbic structures, prefrontal cortex, which start with mirror neurons, help this sense of meaning. Areas associated with theory of mind development provide better understanding of theory of mind skills and deficits, the first psychopathology studies have been carried out in children with autism, and the studies about theory of mind skills in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders are becoming more and more interesting. In this review, theory of mind development, neurobiological basis and related areas will be expl...
Dusunen Adam:The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 2021
1Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Giresun,... more 1Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Giresun, Turkey 2Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Samsun, Turkey 3Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Samsun, Turkey 4Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erzurum, Turkey 5Amasya Sabuncuoglu Serafettin Training and Research Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Amasya, Turkey
Konuralp Tıp Dergisi, 2020
We aimed to determine the predictive factors for psychiatric problem severity and/or clinical app... more We aimed to determine the predictive factors for psychiatric problem severity and/or clinical approval 10 years after first assessment between ages 1-4 years. Methods: The children that were assessed with the CBCL and the BITSEA in their 1-4 years of age were included. The follow-up assessments were made by telephone interviews 10 years later by child psychiatry residents. The primary caregivers responded the follow-up questionnaire items, such as social/academic/behavioral functioning and self-esteem and the items regarding the psychiatric approval, diagnosis, and treatment history. Results: The CBCL-Internalizing scores in toddlerhood were found to be significantly inversely correlated with social and behavioral functioning level and self-esteem scores. The paternal and maternal BITSEA-Competence scores were found to be positively correlated with social and academic functioning. The CBCL Withdrawn/Depressed points at first evaluation were determined to be statistically significantly predictive for psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusions: The study revealed that some measures including CBCL and BITSEA completed in toddlerhood significantly indicate the children under risk of psychiatric morbidity in adolescence. Therefore, we conclude that the widespread use of this assessment measures in toddlers and the referral of the group under risk to the psychiatry units for further investigations could be useful preventive interventions.
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 2020
Received: Aug 06,2019 Accepted: Nov 30,2019 Abstract Objective: Recent studies show emotional and... more Received: Aug 06,2019 Accepted: Nov 30,2019 Abstract Objective: Recent studies show emotional and behavioral problems in toddler hood affecting later stages of development. However, the predictive factors for psychiatric disorders were not studied with machine learning methods. We aimed to examine the predictors of outcome with machine learning methods, which are novel computational methods including statistical estimation, information theories, and mathematical learning automatically discovering useful patterns in large amounts of data. Method: The study group comprised 116 children (mean age: 27.4±4.4 months) who are evaluated between 2006-2007 years in a clinical setting. Emotional and behavioral problems were assessed by the Brief Infant-Toddler Social Emotional Assessment and Child Behavior Checklist/2-3.Child psychiatry residents made follow-up evaluations with telephone calls in 2018. We tested the performance of machine learning algorithms (Decision tree, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression) on our data, including the 254 items in the baseline forms to predict psychiatric disorders in adolescence period. Results: 26.7% (n: 31) of the cases had diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder in adolescence period. In machine learning methods Random Forest outperforms other models, which had reached an accuracy of 85.2%, AUC: 0.79. Our model showed BITSEA item 20, 13, and CBCL total external problems scores filled by mother at the age of 12-36 months are the most potent factors for a psychiatric disorder in adolescence. Conclusion: We found very early behavioral and emotional problems with sociodemographic data predicted outcome significantly accurately. In the future, the machine learning models may reveal several others are more important in terms of prognostic information and also planning treatment of toddlers.
Istanbul Medical Journal, 2019
Amaç: Nörogelişimsel bozuklukların patogenezinde doğum öncesi ve erken yaşam dönemi maruziyetleri... more Amaç: Nörogelişimsel bozuklukların patogenezinde doğum öncesi ve erken yaşam dönemi maruziyetlerini içeren epigenetik değişiklikler, kalıtsal genler kadar ilgi çekici olmaya başlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada puberte öncesi dönemde dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) ve özgül öğrenme bozukluğu (ÖÖB) tanılı çocuklar için olası çevresel ve gelişimsel risk faktörlerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 7-12 yaş aralığında 98 çocuk (24 DEHB, 24 ÖÖB, 26 OSB, 24 kontrol) alınmıştır. Tanısal değerlendirmede Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabına dayalı görüşme, Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi-şimdi versiyonu kullanılmıştır. Klinik değerlendirmede ebeveynler tarafından sosyo-demografik veri formu doldurulmuştur ve bilişsel değerlendirmede Wechsler Çocuklar İçin Zeka ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda düşük ebeveyn eğitim düzeyi, ebeveyn işsizliği, düşük gelirli aile ve birinci derece akrabalarda psikiyatrik hastalık öyküsü ÖÖB riski ile, prematürite öyküsü ve erken dönem kendini düzenleme güçlükleri OSB riski ile, allerji öyküsü DEHB riski ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada nörogelişimsel bozukluklarda olası rol oynayan pek çok farklı risk faktörü bulunması ileri epigenetik çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Öğrenme bozukluğu, otizm spektrum bozukluğu, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, gelişimsel özellikler, risk faktörleri Introduction: Epigenetic changes in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders, including prenatal and early life exposures, are becoming as appealing as hereditary genes. This study aimed to investigate possible pre-pubertal environmental and developmental risk factors for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and Specific Learning Disorder (SLD). Methods: The study included 98 children (24 ADHD, 24 SLD, 26 ASD, 20 controls) aged 7-12 years. The diagnostic evaluation was based on the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-age Childrenpresent version. Parents completed socio-demographic data form for clinical evaluation, and The Wechsler Children's Intelligence scale was used to assess cognitive skills. Results: In our study, low parental education level, parental unemployment, low-income, and history of psychiatric disorders in first-degree relatives were associated with SLD risk, prematurity, and early self-regulation difficulties were associated with ASD risk, and history of allergy was associated with ADHD risk. Conclusion: In this study, the presence of many different risk factors that play a possible role in neurodevelopmental disorders suggests that further epigenetic studies are needed.
Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 2019
Objective: Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte/lymph... more Objective: Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) are practical inflammation parameters. In bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), these parameters were reported higher than in healthy controls (HC). We aim to compare NLR, PLR, MLR in HC and patients with MDD and BB-manic episode. Method: Forty-six patients with MDD and 43 patients with BD hospitalized between 2013 and 2017 and 40 HC were included in the study. White blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, and monocyte numbers were entered retrospectively from complete blood counts made at the time of admission, and NLR, PLR, and MLR were calculated from these. Results: NLR and PLR were revealed higher in MDD than HC. NLR and neutrophil values were higher in BD than HC, and there was a positive correlation between NLR and hospitalization period of patients with BD. Conclusion: Findings of our study supported the inflammation hypothesis for MDD and BD in adolescents. Larger-scale studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 2019
Öz Zihin kuramı son kırk yılda yapılan klinik çalışmalarla psikiyatrideki önemi ortaya konulan bi... more Öz Zihin kuramı son kırk yılda yapılan klinik çalışmalarla psikiyatrideki önemi ortaya konulan bir sosyal biliş becerisidir. Zihin kuramı becerisi başkalarının zihinsel durumlarını ve duygularını fark edebilme yeteneği olarak sosyal bir canlı olan insanın sosyal işlevselliğinde etkili ve gerekli bir beceri olarak görülmektedir. Hayatın özellikle ilk altı yılında pek çok ilişkili alanla birlikte temeli atılan bu becerinin, ayna nöronlarla başlayan ve limbik paralimbik yapılar, prefrontal korteks gibi pek çok nörobiyolojik temelle ilgili bulguları bu beceriyi anlamamıza yardımcı olmaktadır. Zihin kuramı gelişimi ile ilişkili alanlar zihin kuramı beceri ve bozulmalarını daha iyi anlamamızı sağlamaktadır. İlk psikopatoloji çalışmaları otizmli çocuklarda yapılmakla birlikte nörogelişimsel bozukluklar tanı kümesinde zihin kuramı becerileri ile ilgili çalışmalar giderek ilgi çekici olmaktadır. Bu derlemede zihin kuramı gelişimi, nörobiyolojik temeli ve ilişkili olduğu alanlar anlatılacak ve zihin kuramının psikopatoloji ile ilişkisi incelenecektir.
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2018
Objective: This study aims to examine the psychopathology, quality of life perception, eating beh... more Objective: This study aims to examine the psychopathology, quality of life perception, eating behaviors and self-image of children and adolescents who are diagnosed with obesity; as well as their parents' behaviour, coping skills and the relations between these conditions. Methods: In this study, 30 patients between the ages of 8-18 who have consulted the University of Akdeniz Pediatric Endocrinology Department and had BMI standard deviation above 2 and had no mental retardation or received no previous psychiatric consultations on the obesity were enrolled. Our control group included 30 healthy children and adolescents who were matching on the same demographic information (gender and age) with the treatment (patient) group, and they had no previous medical or psychiatric illnesses. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version was administered to both groups, and the Rosenberg Self Image Scale was used to determine their self-images. The Quality of Life Scale for Children was administered to the children and adolescents as well as to their parents. To determine the methods of child rearing and coping strategies with stress, parents were administered the Family Life and Child Rearing Demeanours Scale and the Coping Strategies Scale. Results: There were no significant sociodemographic differences between the two groups except for parents' educational level and socioeconomic status. As we found no differences on parenting styles and coping strategies, a higher percentage of psychiatric illnesses were detected in our study and the quality of life perception of parents was found lower in the obese group. Self-image scores were not varied between obese children and healthy controls. İt was observed that obese group children's mother have more likley high obesity rates than the mothers in the control group children. Conclusions: As a result of this study, psychiatric disorders were observed more frequently in obese children and adolescents. The perception of quality of life for obese children and adolescents seem alike with control groups' perception. However, the fact that obese children and adolescents' parents claim that their children's quality of life is not equal to other groups shows that obese children and adolescents are less aware of health condition and following problems they have and might possible attain in the future.
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2018
Objective: It has been proposed that anything does not kill you make you stronger. Although it mi... more Objective: It has been proposed that anything does not kill you make you stronger. Although it might be true in adult cases, children whose psychological life begin in the parental mind and shaped by the experiences during the early period of life are not as strong as adult against adverse effects of stressful events. Internalization of objects and emerging of internally working models, concept of normality and abnormality that will be the main ground for the understanding of the world in later life are emerged during childhood. That is why anything does not kill a child will shape its mind that might have everlasting effects on child.
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2018
10th International Congress on Psychopharmacology & 6th International Symposi... more 10th International Congress on Psychopharmacology & 6th International Symposium on Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology[Abstract:0110] [Addiction]Cessation of cigarette smoking in adolescents: s...
Psychiatry Investigation, 2018
Objective One of the areas of social cognition is Theory of Mind (ToM) is defined as the capacity... more Objective One of the areas of social cognition is Theory of Mind (ToM) is defined as the capacity to interpret, infer and explain mental states underlying the behavior of others. When social cognition studies on neurodevelopmental disorders are examined, it can be seen that this skill has not been studied sufficiently in children with Specific Learning Disorder (SLD). Methods In this study, social cognition skills in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), SLD or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) evaluated before puberty and compared with controls. To evaluate the ToM skills, the first and secondorder false belief tasks, the Hinting Task, the Faux Pas Test and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task were used. Results We found that children with neurodevelopmental disorders as ADHD, ASD, and SLD had ToM deficits independent of intelligence and language development. There was a significant correlation between social cognition deficits and problems experienced in many areas such as social communication and interaction, attention, behavior, and learning. Conclusion Social cognition is an important area of impairment in SLD and there is a strong relationship between clinical symptoms and impaired functionality.
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2018
OBJECTIVE: Studies show partial improvements in some core symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders (... more OBJECTIVE: Studies show partial improvements in some core symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in time. However, the predictive factors (e.g. pretreatment IQ, comorbid psychiatric disorders, adaptive, and language skills, etc.) for a better the outcome was not studied with machine learning methods. We aimed to examine the predictors of outcome with machine learning methods, which are novel computational methods including statistical estimation, information theories and mathematical learning automatically discovering useful patterns in large amounts of data. METHOD: The study the group comprised 433 children (mean age: 72.3 ± 45.9 months) with ASD diagnosis. The ASD symptoms were assessed by the Autism Behavior Checklist, Aberrant Behavior Checklist, Clinical Global Impression scales at baseline (T0) and 12th (T1), 24th (T2), and 36th (T3) months. We tested the performance of for machine learning algorithms (Naive Bayes, Generalized Linear Model, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree) on our data, including the 254 items in the baseline forms. Patients with ≤2 CGI points in ASD symptoms at in 36 months were accepted as the group who has "better outcome" as the prediction class. RESULTS: The significant proportion of the cases showed significant improvement in ASD symptoms (39.7% in T1, 60.7% in T2; 77.8% in T3). Our machine learning model in T3 showed that diagnosis group affected the prognosis. In the autism group, older father and mother age; in PDD-NOS group, MR comorbidity, less birth weight and older age at diagnosis have a worse outcome. In Asperger's Disorder age at diagnosis, age at first evaluation and developmental cornerstones has affected prognosis. CONCLUSION: In accordance with other studies we found early age diagnosis, early start rehabilitation, the severity of ASD symptoms at baseline assessment predicted outcome. Also, we found comorbid psychiatric diagnoses are affecting the outcome of ASD symptoms in clinical observation. The machine learning models reveal several others are more significant (e.g. parental age, birth weight, sociodemographic variables, etc.) in terms of prognostic information and also planning treatment of children with ASD.
Nordic journal of psychiatry, 2018
In literature, recent evidence has shown that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can b... more In literature, recent evidence has shown that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can be dysregulated in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and HPA axis hormones may predict the psychotherapy treatment response in patients with PTSD. In this study, it was aimed to investigate changing cortisol and DHEA-S levels post-eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and the relationship between treatment response and basal cortisol, and DHEA-S levels before treatment. The study group comprised 40 adolescents (age, 12-18 years) with PTSD. The PTSD symptoms were assessed using the Child Depression Inventory (CDI) and Child Post-traumatic Stress Reaction Index (CPSRI) and the blood cortisol and DHEA-S were measured with the chemiluminescence method before and after treatment. A maximum of six sessions of EMDR therapy were conducted by an EMDR level-1 trained child psychiatry resident. Treatment response was measured by the pre- to post-treatment dec...
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2017
Melatonin is an indoleamine often used in children and adolescents. Melatonin is considered to be... more Melatonin is an indoleamine often used in children and adolescents. Melatonin is considered to be an effective clinical management for dyssomnias, sleep disorders present in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity, autism spectrum disorders, developmental delays. Quickacting capsules, controlled-release (CR) capsules, sublingual tablets and liquid forms are available. Melatonin is generally very well-tolerated in children and adolescents. The pharmacology, therapeutic applications, and side effects of melatonin are discussed.
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Papers by Abdullah Bozkurt