Ce livre est le fruit du travail d'un réseau de chercheurs du Nord et du Sud, sur ce thème de... more Ce livre est le fruit du travail d'un réseau de chercheurs du Nord et du Sud, sur ce thème de l'immigration des jeunes en provenance d'Afrique, et qui a bénéficié de divers financements en Suisse et de l'Ambassade de France en Mauritanie
Dans Migrations Société Migrations Société 2010/3 (N° 129-130) 2010/3 (N° 129-130), pages 207 à 2... more Dans Migrations Société Migrations Société 2010/3 (N° 129-130) 2010/3 (N° 129-130), pages 207 à 226 Éditions Centre d'Information et d'Etudes sur les Migrations Internationales Centre d'Information et d'Etudes sur les Migrations Internationales
The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 2013
Unaccompanied minors and youth migrants from Mauritania to France are almost never listed in Fren... more Unaccompanied minors and youth migrants from Mauritania to France are almost never listed in French published statistics, even though the alarmist response of local Mauritanian organizations indicates that many are migrating. To understand this apparent contradiction, we analyze data from a qualitative study of 395 male minors (15–18 years old) and youths (above 18 years old) in three Mauritanian cities—Kaédi, Nouakchott, and Nouadhibou—to shed light on illegal youth migration. We find that powerful cultural and family dynamics encourage youth migration and that the migration of individual youths is approached as a project of families and not of the individuals alone. The article also highlights the impact of migration on Mauritanian society and recommends a new immigration policy for Europe.
The main objective of Zika transmission studies is to work out the simplest approach to scale bac... more The main objective of Zika transmission studies is to work out the simplest approach to scale back human mortality and morbidity caused by the disease. Therefore, it is essential to spot the relative importance of the various factors contributing to the transmission and prevalence of the disease. Many mathematical models have been formulated incorporating vector-to-human transmission or human-to-human transmission. However, they do not take into consideration the mixture of both sorts of transmission. It raises the question of the impact of both sorts of transmission on the disease dynamics. We develop a mathematical model of Zika with the vertical transmission in the vector population and human-to-human transmission to answer this question. It includes the immature phase of mosquitoes (eggs), adult mosquitoes (susceptible, exposed, and infectious), and human hosts (susceptible, exposed, infectious, and recovered). Results show that neglecting sexual transmission results in an under...
Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science, 2010
Unaccompanied foreign minors from Mauritania are almost never listed in French published statisti... more Unaccompanied foreign minors from Mauritania are almost never listed in French published statistics, although they do leave their home country as the alarmist response of local organizations can testify. To understand this apparent contradiction, a study was carried out in Mauritania, involving 395 male minors (15-18 years old) and youths (above 18 years old). The study focused on three cities: Kaedi, Nouakchott and Nouadhibou. Its aim was to shed light on the following questions in order to address this illegal youth migration: 1) What are the main reasons for the illegal migration of minors? 2) Can poverty be considered as the principal cause for this phenomenon? 3) How can the adolescents' attitude toward the risks, including the danger of death, during the crossing be explained? In other words, how can their systematic refusal of fear and denial of death be understood? 4) How can we evaluate the impact of a positive perception regarding illegal migrants as it rises from cult...
Introduction the low coverage of specialized mental health services and the shortage of human res... more Introduction the low coverage of specialized mental health services and the shortage of human resources for mental health are enormous challenges for the health care system in Africa. The integration of mental health support into primary health care is a substantial and feasible complementary intervention to specialized services. We collected and analyzed data from 5 Health Care Centers (HCC) that had integrated this care package in Guinea. Methods we conducted a descriptive study of new cases of mental health issues between 2012 and 2017. The reasons for consultations and diagnoses were identified and analyzed on the basis of consultation registries and individual medical records. Results a total of 4.995 patients with mental health problems received consultations (2.8% of general consultations; 0.5 -7.7% according to the centers). The average age of patients was 27,9 years (± 16.1). The most common reasons for consultations were: insomnia 44.4% (n = 2081), seizures 39% (n = 1827),...
Worldwide rising temperatures are already being observed and are expected to increase within the ... more Worldwide rising temperatures are already being observed and are expected to increase within the next decades. In the Sahel cool periods cause yield losses due to spikelet sterility in late sown rice and thus Sahelian rice production systems might benefit from increasing temperatures. Higher temperatures during the vegetative phase will lead to shortened crop duration and during the reproductive phase higher temperatures during cool periods might reduce sterility. For the hot periods negative effects on biomass production and increased sterility due to heat stress are expected. The complexity of those phenomena requires well validated crop models able to precisely assess development and yield according to genotype and climate for predictive conclusions and adaptive decisions (choice of genotype, sowing date) under changing climatic conditions. In the early 90s for a wide range of germplasm phenology was observed and yield components were determined in staggered planting dates at Afr...
EnglishThere is a practical interest in spreading the West African Community law, both in academi... more EnglishThere is a practical interest in spreading the West African Community law, both in academic circles and in the legal world. To be well understood and effectively implemented, the West African Community law needs promotion among academic and judicial actors. However, this study shows that the teaching of the West African Community law is rarely a major concern for West African governments. Thus, the knowledge of the West African Community law in Universities through training seminars for legal actors is facing obvious limits. The promotion in academia shows a slow and fragmented ownership corollary of the low legal cooperation among actors in charge of its implementation. francaisPour une meilleure apprehension et une application effective du droit communautaire ouest-africain, sa promotion aupres des universitaires et des acteurs judiciaires apparait comme une panacee. Pourtant, cette etude montre que l'enseignement du droit communautaire ouest-africain ne constitue que r...
... Mathias Becker1*, David E. Johnson2, Marco CS Wopereis3, and Abdoulaye Sow4 ... Cassman, KG, ... more ... Mathias Becker1*, David E. Johnson2, Marco CS Wopereis3, and Abdoulaye Sow4 ... Cassman, KG, GC Gines , MA Dizon , MI Samson , and JM Alcantara (1997): Nitrogen use efficiency in tropical lowland rice systems: Contributions from indigenous and applied nitrogen. ...
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
We do not work with preconceived ideas for solutions, westernbased blueprints or donor-specific p... more We do not work with preconceived ideas for solutions, westernbased blueprints or donor-specific protocols. We organize exchange between local and international partners to link local effectiveness to international knowledge. Results and conclusions Application of new insights in implementation theory and complexity management leads to a dynamic process of change, rather than traditional project implementation.
The objective of this study was to quantify differences associated with using 24-h time step refe... more The objective of this study was to quantify differences associated with using 24-h time step reference evapotranspiration (ETo), as compared with the sum of hourly ETo computations with the standardized ASCE Penman-Monteith (ASCE-PM) model for semi-arid dry conditions at Fanaye and Ndiaye (Senegal) and semiarid humid conditions at Sapu (The Gambia) and Kankan (Guinea). The results showed that there was good agreement between the sum of hourly ETo and daily time step ETo at all four locations. The daily time step overestimated the daily ETo relative to the sum of hourly ETo by 1.3 to 8% for the whole study periods. However, there is location and monthly dependence of the magnitude of ETo values and the ratio of the ETo values estimated by both methods. Sum of hourly ETo tends to give higher ETo during winter time at Fanaye and Sapu, while the daily ETo was higher from March to November at the same weather stations. At Ndiaye and Kankan, daily time step estimates of ETo were high during the year. The simple linear regression slopes between the sum of 24-h ETo and the daily time step ETo at all weather stations varied from 1.02 to 1.08 with high coefficient of determination (R 2 ≥ 0.87). Application of the hourly ETo estimation method might help on accurate ETo estimation to meet irrigation requirement under precision agriculture.
Background Patient-centred care is an essential component of quality of health care. We hypothesi... more Background Patient-centred care is an essential component of quality of health care. We hypothesize that integration of a mental health care package into versatile first-line health care services can strengthen patient participation, an important dimension of patient-centred care. The objective of this study is to analyse whether consultations conducted by providers in facilities that integrated mental health care score higher in terms of patient participation. Methods This study was conducted in Guinea in 12 not-for-profit health centres, 4 of which had integrated a mental health care package (MH+) and 8 had not (MH-). The study involved 450 general curative consultations (175 in MH+ and 275 in MH- centres), conducted by 18 care providers (7 in MH+ and 11 in MH- centres). Patients were interviewed after the consultation on how they perceived their involvement in the consultation, using the Patient Participation Scale (PPS). The providers completed a self-administered questionnaire ...
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 2019
AbstractThe adoption of the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ETo) method necessitate... more AbstractThe adoption of the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ETo) method necessitates the use of climatic data and parameters measured above a reference surface (e.g., reference grass)...
Feeding the future world population requires increased crop production. Here, we investigate the ... more Feeding the future world population requires increased crop production. Here, we investigate the intensification option of increasing production by increasing cropping intensity and choice of varieties with different crop duration. We developed a model to generate, compare and visualise opportunities for single/double/triple cropping systems consisting of irrigated rice and optionally a vegetable. The model was applied in a case study in the Senegal River valley. Results showed that with appropriate choice of sowing dates, severe cold sterility in rice can be avoided, also in rice-rice crop rotations. At optimal sowing dates, simulated total long term average potential yields of single, double and triple cropping yields were 10.3, 19.0 and 18.9 t/ha respectively (total of 1,2 and 3 yields). With a hypothetical completely cold tolerant variety, yields could increase to 11.2, 20.2 and 20.9 respectively. Simulated Triple crop yields are hardly any higher than those of a double crop with two medium duration varieties. Delay in sowing due to late availability of resources (machinery, irrigation water allocation within a scheme, credits for pump fuel) is a known problem in the region. Therefore we also simulated how much delay was possible (width of the sowing windows) whilst still allowing for double cropping. We found enough delay was possible to allow for a rice-rice or a ricevegetable crop. A rice-rice-vegetable triple cropping system would only be possible without delays and with a very short duration vegetable of 2 months. Most promising options to increase production are through shifting the sowing date to facilitate double cropping, adoption of medium duration varieties and breeding for cold tolerant varieties.
... Enquête épidémiologique au Mali. Méd Trop 2000 ; 60 : 151-5. Karfo et al, 1993 Karfo K, Kere ... more ... Enquête épidémiologique au Mali. Méd Trop 2000 ; 60 : 151-5. Karfo et al, 1993 Karfo K, Kere M, Gueye M, Ndiaye IP. ... Sow, 2003 Sow A. Thèse de maîtrise en santé publique, Anvers 2003, Belgique. Tekle-Haimanot et al, 1990 Tekle-Haimanot R, Forsgren L, Abebe M, et al. ...
Ce livre est le fruit du travail d'un réseau de chercheurs du Nord et du Sud, sur ce thème de... more Ce livre est le fruit du travail d'un réseau de chercheurs du Nord et du Sud, sur ce thème de l'immigration des jeunes en provenance d'Afrique, et qui a bénéficié de divers financements en Suisse et de l'Ambassade de France en Mauritanie
Dans Migrations Société Migrations Société 2010/3 (N° 129-130) 2010/3 (N° 129-130), pages 207 à 2... more Dans Migrations Société Migrations Société 2010/3 (N° 129-130) 2010/3 (N° 129-130), pages 207 à 226 Éditions Centre d'Information et d'Etudes sur les Migrations Internationales Centre d'Information et d'Etudes sur les Migrations Internationales
The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 2013
Unaccompanied minors and youth migrants from Mauritania to France are almost never listed in Fren... more Unaccompanied minors and youth migrants from Mauritania to France are almost never listed in French published statistics, even though the alarmist response of local Mauritanian organizations indicates that many are migrating. To understand this apparent contradiction, we analyze data from a qualitative study of 395 male minors (15–18 years old) and youths (above 18 years old) in three Mauritanian cities—Kaédi, Nouakchott, and Nouadhibou—to shed light on illegal youth migration. We find that powerful cultural and family dynamics encourage youth migration and that the migration of individual youths is approached as a project of families and not of the individuals alone. The article also highlights the impact of migration on Mauritanian society and recommends a new immigration policy for Europe.
The main objective of Zika transmission studies is to work out the simplest approach to scale bac... more The main objective of Zika transmission studies is to work out the simplest approach to scale back human mortality and morbidity caused by the disease. Therefore, it is essential to spot the relative importance of the various factors contributing to the transmission and prevalence of the disease. Many mathematical models have been formulated incorporating vector-to-human transmission or human-to-human transmission. However, they do not take into consideration the mixture of both sorts of transmission. It raises the question of the impact of both sorts of transmission on the disease dynamics. We develop a mathematical model of Zika with the vertical transmission in the vector population and human-to-human transmission to answer this question. It includes the immature phase of mosquitoes (eggs), adult mosquitoes (susceptible, exposed, and infectious), and human hosts (susceptible, exposed, infectious, and recovered). Results show that neglecting sexual transmission results in an under...
Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science, 2010
Unaccompanied foreign minors from Mauritania are almost never listed in French published statisti... more Unaccompanied foreign minors from Mauritania are almost never listed in French published statistics, although they do leave their home country as the alarmist response of local organizations can testify. To understand this apparent contradiction, a study was carried out in Mauritania, involving 395 male minors (15-18 years old) and youths (above 18 years old). The study focused on three cities: Kaedi, Nouakchott and Nouadhibou. Its aim was to shed light on the following questions in order to address this illegal youth migration: 1) What are the main reasons for the illegal migration of minors? 2) Can poverty be considered as the principal cause for this phenomenon? 3) How can the adolescents' attitude toward the risks, including the danger of death, during the crossing be explained? In other words, how can their systematic refusal of fear and denial of death be understood? 4) How can we evaluate the impact of a positive perception regarding illegal migrants as it rises from cult...
Introduction the low coverage of specialized mental health services and the shortage of human res... more Introduction the low coverage of specialized mental health services and the shortage of human resources for mental health are enormous challenges for the health care system in Africa. The integration of mental health support into primary health care is a substantial and feasible complementary intervention to specialized services. We collected and analyzed data from 5 Health Care Centers (HCC) that had integrated this care package in Guinea. Methods we conducted a descriptive study of new cases of mental health issues between 2012 and 2017. The reasons for consultations and diagnoses were identified and analyzed on the basis of consultation registries and individual medical records. Results a total of 4.995 patients with mental health problems received consultations (2.8% of general consultations; 0.5 -7.7% according to the centers). The average age of patients was 27,9 years (± 16.1). The most common reasons for consultations were: insomnia 44.4% (n = 2081), seizures 39% (n = 1827),...
Worldwide rising temperatures are already being observed and are expected to increase within the ... more Worldwide rising temperatures are already being observed and are expected to increase within the next decades. In the Sahel cool periods cause yield losses due to spikelet sterility in late sown rice and thus Sahelian rice production systems might benefit from increasing temperatures. Higher temperatures during the vegetative phase will lead to shortened crop duration and during the reproductive phase higher temperatures during cool periods might reduce sterility. For the hot periods negative effects on biomass production and increased sterility due to heat stress are expected. The complexity of those phenomena requires well validated crop models able to precisely assess development and yield according to genotype and climate for predictive conclusions and adaptive decisions (choice of genotype, sowing date) under changing climatic conditions. In the early 90s for a wide range of germplasm phenology was observed and yield components were determined in staggered planting dates at Afr...
EnglishThere is a practical interest in spreading the West African Community law, both in academi... more EnglishThere is a practical interest in spreading the West African Community law, both in academic circles and in the legal world. To be well understood and effectively implemented, the West African Community law needs promotion among academic and judicial actors. However, this study shows that the teaching of the West African Community law is rarely a major concern for West African governments. Thus, the knowledge of the West African Community law in Universities through training seminars for legal actors is facing obvious limits. The promotion in academia shows a slow and fragmented ownership corollary of the low legal cooperation among actors in charge of its implementation. francaisPour une meilleure apprehension et une application effective du droit communautaire ouest-africain, sa promotion aupres des universitaires et des acteurs judiciaires apparait comme une panacee. Pourtant, cette etude montre que l'enseignement du droit communautaire ouest-africain ne constitue que r...
... Mathias Becker1*, David E. Johnson2, Marco CS Wopereis3, and Abdoulaye Sow4 ... Cassman, KG, ... more ... Mathias Becker1*, David E. Johnson2, Marco CS Wopereis3, and Abdoulaye Sow4 ... Cassman, KG, GC Gines , MA Dizon , MI Samson , and JM Alcantara (1997): Nitrogen use efficiency in tropical lowland rice systems: Contributions from indigenous and applied nitrogen. ...
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
We do not work with preconceived ideas for solutions, westernbased blueprints or donor-specific p... more We do not work with preconceived ideas for solutions, westernbased blueprints or donor-specific protocols. We organize exchange between local and international partners to link local effectiveness to international knowledge. Results and conclusions Application of new insights in implementation theory and complexity management leads to a dynamic process of change, rather than traditional project implementation.
The objective of this study was to quantify differences associated with using 24-h time step refe... more The objective of this study was to quantify differences associated with using 24-h time step reference evapotranspiration (ETo), as compared with the sum of hourly ETo computations with the standardized ASCE Penman-Monteith (ASCE-PM) model for semi-arid dry conditions at Fanaye and Ndiaye (Senegal) and semiarid humid conditions at Sapu (The Gambia) and Kankan (Guinea). The results showed that there was good agreement between the sum of hourly ETo and daily time step ETo at all four locations. The daily time step overestimated the daily ETo relative to the sum of hourly ETo by 1.3 to 8% for the whole study periods. However, there is location and monthly dependence of the magnitude of ETo values and the ratio of the ETo values estimated by both methods. Sum of hourly ETo tends to give higher ETo during winter time at Fanaye and Sapu, while the daily ETo was higher from March to November at the same weather stations. At Ndiaye and Kankan, daily time step estimates of ETo were high during the year. The simple linear regression slopes between the sum of 24-h ETo and the daily time step ETo at all weather stations varied from 1.02 to 1.08 with high coefficient of determination (R 2 ≥ 0.87). Application of the hourly ETo estimation method might help on accurate ETo estimation to meet irrigation requirement under precision agriculture.
Background Patient-centred care is an essential component of quality of health care. We hypothesi... more Background Patient-centred care is an essential component of quality of health care. We hypothesize that integration of a mental health care package into versatile first-line health care services can strengthen patient participation, an important dimension of patient-centred care. The objective of this study is to analyse whether consultations conducted by providers in facilities that integrated mental health care score higher in terms of patient participation. Methods This study was conducted in Guinea in 12 not-for-profit health centres, 4 of which had integrated a mental health care package (MH+) and 8 had not (MH-). The study involved 450 general curative consultations (175 in MH+ and 275 in MH- centres), conducted by 18 care providers (7 in MH+ and 11 in MH- centres). Patients were interviewed after the consultation on how they perceived their involvement in the consultation, using the Patient Participation Scale (PPS). The providers completed a self-administered questionnaire ...
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 2019
AbstractThe adoption of the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ETo) method necessitate... more AbstractThe adoption of the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ETo) method necessitates the use of climatic data and parameters measured above a reference surface (e.g., reference grass)...
Feeding the future world population requires increased crop production. Here, we investigate the ... more Feeding the future world population requires increased crop production. Here, we investigate the intensification option of increasing production by increasing cropping intensity and choice of varieties with different crop duration. We developed a model to generate, compare and visualise opportunities for single/double/triple cropping systems consisting of irrigated rice and optionally a vegetable. The model was applied in a case study in the Senegal River valley. Results showed that with appropriate choice of sowing dates, severe cold sterility in rice can be avoided, also in rice-rice crop rotations. At optimal sowing dates, simulated total long term average potential yields of single, double and triple cropping yields were 10.3, 19.0 and 18.9 t/ha respectively (total of 1,2 and 3 yields). With a hypothetical completely cold tolerant variety, yields could increase to 11.2, 20.2 and 20.9 respectively. Simulated Triple crop yields are hardly any higher than those of a double crop with two medium duration varieties. Delay in sowing due to late availability of resources (machinery, irrigation water allocation within a scheme, credits for pump fuel) is a known problem in the region. Therefore we also simulated how much delay was possible (width of the sowing windows) whilst still allowing for double cropping. We found enough delay was possible to allow for a rice-rice or a ricevegetable crop. A rice-rice-vegetable triple cropping system would only be possible without delays and with a very short duration vegetable of 2 months. Most promising options to increase production are through shifting the sowing date to facilitate double cropping, adoption of medium duration varieties and breeding for cold tolerant varieties.
... Enquête épidémiologique au Mali. Méd Trop 2000 ; 60 : 151-5. Karfo et al, 1993 Karfo K, Kere ... more ... Enquête épidémiologique au Mali. Méd Trop 2000 ; 60 : 151-5. Karfo et al, 1993 Karfo K, Kere M, Gueye M, Ndiaye IP. ... Sow, 2003 Sow A. Thèse de maîtrise en santé publique, Anvers 2003, Belgique. Tekle-Haimanot et al, 1990 Tekle-Haimanot R, Forsgren L, Abebe M, et al. ...
Uploads
Papers by Abdoulaye Sow