Virtual Reality (VR) has made considerable gains in the consumer and professional markets. As VR ... more Virtual Reality (VR) has made considerable gains in the consumer and professional markets. As VR has progressed as a technology, its overall usefulness for educational purposes has grown. On the other hand, the educational field struggles to keep up with the latest innovations, changing affordances, and pedagogical applications due to the rapid evolution of technology. Therefore, many have elaborated on the potential of virtual reality (VR) in learning. This research proposes a novel techniques customized curriculum for medical students and recommendations for their learning process based on deep learning techniques. Here the data has been collected based on the pre-historic performance of the student and their current requirement and these data have been created as a dataset. Then this has been processed for analysis based on CAD system integrated with deep learning techniques for creating a customized curriculum. Initially this data has been processed and analysed to remove missin...
The present work deals with the global solvability as well as absolute continuity of the law of t... more The present work deals with the global solvability as well as absolute continuity of the law of the solution to stochastic generalized Burgers-Huxley (SGBH) equation driven by multiplicative space-time white noise in a bounded interval of R. We first prove the existence of a unique local mild solution to SGBH equation with the help of a truncation argument and contraction mapping principle. Then global solvability results are obtained by using uniform bounds of the local mild solution and stopping time arguments. Later, we establish a comparison theorem for the solution of SGBH equation having higher order nonlinearities and it plays a crucial role in this work. Then, we discuss the weak differentiability of the solution to SGBH equation in the Malliavin calculus sense. Finally, we obtain the absolute continuity of the law of the solution with respect to the Lebesgue measure on R, and the existence of density with the aid of comparison theorem and weak differentiability of the solution. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Mathematical Formulation 2.1. Function spaces 2.2. Linear operator 2.3. Nonlinear operators 2.3.1. The operator B(•) 2.3.2. The operator c(•) 3. Operators and Their Properties 4. Solvability Results 4.1. Existence and uniqueness of a local mild solution 5. Comparison Theorem 6. Weak Differentiability of the Solution 6.1. Elements of Malliavin calculus 6.2. Weak differentiability of the solution to SGBH equation 7. Absolute Continuity of the Law of the Solution References
The present work is concerned about the two-dimensional stochastic convective Brinkman-Forchheime... more The present work is concerned about the two-dimensional stochastic convective Brinkman-Forchheimer (2D SCBF) equations perturbed by a white noise (non degenerate) in smooth bounded domains in R 2. We establish two important properties of the Markov semigroup associated with the solutions of the 2D SCBF equations (for the absorption exponent r = 1, 2, 3), that is, irreducibility and strong Feller property. These two properties implies the uniqueness of invariant measures and ergodicity also. Then, we discuss about the ergodic behavior of the 2D SCBF equations by providing a Large Deviation Principle (LDP) for the occupation measure for large time (Donsker-Varadhan), which describes the exact rate of exponential convergence.
The in-medium masses of the lowest S-wave charmonium states (vector meson, $J/\psi$ and pseudosca... more The in-medium masses of the lowest S-wave charmonium states (vector meson, $J/\psi$ and pseudoscalar meson, $\eta_c$) and P-wave charmonium states (scalar, $\chi_{c0}$ and axialvector $\chi_{c1}$) are investigated in magnetized nuclear matter, within the framework of QCD sum rule approach. These are computed from the medium modifications of the scalar as well as twist--2 gluon condensates, obtained from the medium modifications of a scalar dilaton field, within a chiral effective model. The effects of the magnetic field, isospin asymmetry and density on the masses of these charmonium states have been investigated. The modifications of the masses of the P-wave charmonium states ($\chi_{c0}$ and $\chi_{c1}$) are observed to be much larger as compared to those of the S-wave states, $J/\psi$ and $\eta_c$ within the QCD sum rule approach. The effects of the coupling of the spin with the magnetic field are also investigated in the present work, which result in the mixing of the spin zero ...
We study the thermal effects on the nuclear matter properties such as binding energy, incompressi... more We study the thermal effects on the nuclear matter properties such as binding energy, incompressibility, free symmetry energy and its coefficients using NL3 and G3 parameter sets of relativistic mean-field models. These models being consistent with the properties of cold nuclear matter have also been used to study the effect of temperature by incorporating the Fermi function. The critical temperature for the liquid-gas phase transition in the symmetric nuclear matter is found to be 14.60 and 15.37 MeV for NL3 and G3 parameter sets respectively, which is in excellent agreement with previous theoretical and experimental studies. We inspect that the properties related to the second differential coefficient of the binding energy and free symmetry energy at saturation density ( i.e. K0{n,T} and Qsym,0 ) exhibit the contrary effects for NL3 and G3 parameters as the temperature increases. We find that the prediction of saturated curvature parameter ( Ksym,0 ) for G3 equation of state at fi...
We trace a systematic and consistent method to precisely numerate the magnitude range for various... more We trace a systematic and consistent method to precisely numerate the magnitude range for various structural and isospin compositional properties of the neutron star. Incompressibility, symmetry energy, slope parameter and curvature of a neutron star are investigated using the relativistic energy density functional within the framework of coherent density fluctuation model. The analytical expression for the energy density functional of the neutron star matter is motivated from the Brückner functional and acquired by the polynomial fitting of the saturation curves for three different relativistic mean-field parameter sets (NL3, G3 and IU-FSU). The modified functional is folded with the neutron star’s density-dependent weight function to calculate the numerical values for incompressibility and symmetry energy using the coherent density fluctuation model. NL3 parameter set, being the stiffest equation of state, endue us with a higher magnitude of all the properties compared to the othe...
Phase inversion emulsification (PIE) is a process of generating emulsions by inverting the contin... more Phase inversion emulsification (PIE) is a process of generating emulsions by inverting the continuous and dispersed phases of precursor emulsions. PIE is particularly useful when it is challenging to generate the target emulsions by conventional emulsification methods. One such case is the synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles, which requires production of very small droplets of viscous oils. Currently most, if not all, PIE processes in industry are performed as batch processes. Many studies have demonstrated considerable reductions in operation time/cost by changing a batch system to a continuous system. One way of inducing phase inversion in continuous processing is by flowing emulsions through precisely engineered channels and pore-arrays i.e. by flow-induced phase inversion emulsification (FIPIE). A clear advantage of this mechanism is that it can be simulated in microfluidic channels and thus direct observation and fundamental investigation of the PIE process is possible. It is ...
This paper reports on the Waste transformer oil fuel is blended with diesel fuel in different per... more This paper reports on the Waste transformer oil fuel is blended with diesel fuel in different percentage and the effects of their operational characteristics and performance and emission characteristics of the DI diesel engine. In this study, the tested fuels were obtained through catalytic cracking process. Experimental results showed that the flash points and cetane number of the WTO blended diesel have increased with higher concentration of WTO. Based on the experimental results, HC, CO and NOx emissions noticeably decrease, while smoke emissions dramatically increase with increasing the dosing level of WTO. At the full load, the magnitude of HC, CO and NOx emissions for the neat diesel was 120 ppm, 0.36 (%by volume) and 1130ppm, whereas it was 68 ppm, 0.17 (%by volume) and 410ppm for the WTO20 fuel, respectively. The results also showed a significant enhancement in brake thermal efficiency and heat release rate due to the influence of the WTO20 in diesel blend. Keywords— Waste t...
The secondary component of the GW190814 event left us with a question, “whether it is a supermass... more The secondary component of the GW190814 event left us with a question, “whether it is a supermassive neutron star or lightest black-hole?” Recently, Fattoyev et al. obtained an energy density functional (EDF) named as BigApple, which reproduces the mass of the neutron star is 2.60 [Formula: see text] which is well consistent with GW190814 data. This study explores the properties of finite nuclei, nuclear matter and neutron stars by using the BigApple EDF along with four well-known relativistic mean-field forces, namely NL3, G3, IOPB-I and FSUGarnet. The finite nuclei properties like binding energy per particle, skin thickness, charge radius, single-particle energy, and two-neutron separation energy are well predicted by the BigApple for a series of nuclei. The calculated nuclear matter quantities, such as incompressibility, symmetry energy and slope parameters at saturation density, are consistent with the empirical or experimental values where ever available. The predicted canonica...
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2021
The effects of dark matter (DM) on the curvatures of the neutron star (NS) are examined by using ... more The effects of dark matter (DM) on the curvatures of the neutron star (NS) are examined by using the stiff and soft relativistic mean-field equation of states. The curvatures of the NSs are calculated with the variation of baryon density. It is found that the radial variation of different curvatures significantly affected by DM inside the star. The surface curvature is found to be more remarkable for the massive star. The effects of DM on the compactness of the maximum NS mass is less as compared to canonical star. The binding energy of the NS goes towards positive with the increase of DM momentum and makes the system unstable.
We study the thermal effects on the nuclear matter (NM) properties such as binding energy, incomp... more We study the thermal effects on the nuclear matter (NM) properties such as binding energy, incompressibility, free symmetry energy and its coefficients using NL3, G3 and IU-FSU parameter sets of relativistic mean-field models. These models being consistent with the properties of cold NM, have also been used to study the effect of temperature by incorporating the Fermi function. The critical temperature for the liquid-gas phase transition in the symmetric NM is found to be 14.60, 15.37 and 14.50 MeV for NL3, G3 and IU-FSU parameter sets respectively, which is in excellent agreement with previous theoretical and experimental studies. We inspect that the properties related to second differential coefficient of the binding energy and free symmetry energy at saturation density ( i.e. $$K_{0}(n,T)$$K0(n,T) and $$Q_{sym,0}$$Qsym,0 ) exhibit the contrary effects for NL3 and G3 parameters as the temperature increases. We find that the prediction of saturated curvature parameter ( $$K_{sym,0}...
This study proposes two prey–predator models with strong and weak Allee effects in prey populatio... more This study proposes two prey–predator models with strong and weak Allee effects in prey population with Crowley–Martin functional response. Further, gestation delay of the predator population is introduced in both the models. We discussed the boundedness, local stability and Hopf-bifurcation of both nondelayed and delayed systems. The stability and direction of Hopfbifurcation is also analyzed by using Normal form theory and Center manifold theory. It is shown that species in the model with strong Allee effect become extinct beyond a threshold value of Allee parameter at low density of prey population, whereas species never become extinct in weak Allee effect if they are initially present. It is also shown that gestation delay is unable to avoiding the status of extinction. Lastly, numerical simulation is conducted to verify the theoretical findings.
The first examples of phlorin analogues of meso-fused carbatriphyrins(2.1.1) and organo P(V) comp... more The first examples of phlorin analogues of meso-fused carbatriphyrins(2.1.1) and organo P(V) complex of one of the mesofused carbatriphyrins were obtained by adopting premodification strategy starting with fluorene as fused polyaromatic precursor over sequence of steps. The meso-fused carbatriphyrins(2.1.1) were obtained as their nonaromatic phlorin analogues owing to the unstable nature of the fully conjugated meso-fused carbatriphyrins(2.1.1). The organo P(V) complex of one of the meso-fused carbatriphyrins was prepared by treating phlorin analogue of carbatriphyrin(2.1.1) with PCl 3 in toluene/triethylamine at reflux for 1 h. The P(V) complex of the mesofused carbatriphyrin(2.1.1) was found to be moderately aromatic and the resulting global conjugation pathway in P(V) complex significantly alters the aromaticity of the fluorene unit. The nonaromatic nature of the phlorin analogues of the meso-fused carbatriphyrin(2.1.1) and the moderately aromatic nature of its P(V) complex were supported by X-ray cystallography, absorption spectroscopy, NMR studies together with NICS, AICD and HOSE calculations.
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2017
A comparative study based on exergetic performance of two different types of artificial roughness... more A comparative study based on exergetic performance of two different types of artificial roughness geometries on the absorber plate of solar air heater has been presented. The performance evaluation in terms of thermal efficiency (ɳth), effective efficiency (ɳeff), exergetic efficiency (ɳII) and different exergy loss parameters has been carried out analytically, for various values of temperature rise parameter (∆T/I) and relative roughness height (e/D). The second law based exergy analysis is suitable for design of rib roughened solar air heaters as it incorporates quality of useful energy output and pumping power. The two roughness geometries are discrete W-shape rib roughness and W-shape rib roughness have been selected. The correlations for heat transfer and coefficient of friction developed by respective investigators have been used to calculate efficiencies. It was investigated that discrete W-shape rib roughness has better thermal efficiency (ɳth), effective efficiency (ɳeff) and exergetic efficiency (ɳII) as compared to the W-shape rib roughness. The optimum parameters are relative roughness height (e/D) of 0.3375 at an angle of attack of 60º and isolation value of 1000 w/m 2. It was investigated that discrete W-shaped rib roughness has 33% more exergetic efficiency then W-shaped rib roughness under similar performance parameters such as aspect ratio (8), relative roughness height (e/D) of 0.03375, angle of attack (α) of 60º, relative roughness pitch (P/e) of 10 and isolation value of 1000 w/m 2 with Reynolds number ranges from 4000 to 14000. Curves of thermal efficiency (ɳth), effective efficiency (ɳeff), exergetic efficiency (ɳII) and different exergy loss parameters with respect to temperature rise parameter (∆T/I) and relative roughness height (e/D) are also plotted.
Ticks are obligate ectoparasites that have an impact on wide range of vertebrates and also act as... more Ticks are obligate ectoparasites that have an impact on wide range of vertebrates and also act as a potential vector for the transmission of tropical theileriosis, babesiosis, etc., causing significant loss to livestock production worldwide. While feeding, they introduce their saliva containing different bioactive molecules into the host. These molecules have the capability to counteract the host hemostatic mechanism to suck host blood successfully. Therefore, the study was aimed to isolate anti-platelet aggregating peptides from salivary gland extract (SGE) of Hyalomma anatolicum ticks, a commonly available tick in India. Female H. anatolicum salivary glands were dissected out and SGE was prepared by homogenizing it in a suitable buffer under ice. Extract so obtained was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography using Sephacryl S-200 column. Total protein concentration in fractions was estimated and bovine platelets were isolated, stimulated with thrombin (positive control), tr...
Virtual Reality (VR) has made considerable gains in the consumer and professional markets. As VR ... more Virtual Reality (VR) has made considerable gains in the consumer and professional markets. As VR has progressed as a technology, its overall usefulness for educational purposes has grown. On the other hand, the educational field struggles to keep up with the latest innovations, changing affordances, and pedagogical applications due to the rapid evolution of technology. Therefore, many have elaborated on the potential of virtual reality (VR) in learning. This research proposes a novel techniques customized curriculum for medical students and recommendations for their learning process based on deep learning techniques. Here the data has been collected based on the pre-historic performance of the student and their current requirement and these data have been created as a dataset. Then this has been processed for analysis based on CAD system integrated with deep learning techniques for creating a customized curriculum. Initially this data has been processed and analysed to remove missin...
The present work deals with the global solvability as well as absolute continuity of the law of t... more The present work deals with the global solvability as well as absolute continuity of the law of the solution to stochastic generalized Burgers-Huxley (SGBH) equation driven by multiplicative space-time white noise in a bounded interval of R. We first prove the existence of a unique local mild solution to SGBH equation with the help of a truncation argument and contraction mapping principle. Then global solvability results are obtained by using uniform bounds of the local mild solution and stopping time arguments. Later, we establish a comparison theorem for the solution of SGBH equation having higher order nonlinearities and it plays a crucial role in this work. Then, we discuss the weak differentiability of the solution to SGBH equation in the Malliavin calculus sense. Finally, we obtain the absolute continuity of the law of the solution with respect to the Lebesgue measure on R, and the existence of density with the aid of comparison theorem and weak differentiability of the solution. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Mathematical Formulation 2.1. Function spaces 2.2. Linear operator 2.3. Nonlinear operators 2.3.1. The operator B(•) 2.3.2. The operator c(•) 3. Operators and Their Properties 4. Solvability Results 4.1. Existence and uniqueness of a local mild solution 5. Comparison Theorem 6. Weak Differentiability of the Solution 6.1. Elements of Malliavin calculus 6.2. Weak differentiability of the solution to SGBH equation 7. Absolute Continuity of the Law of the Solution References
The present work is concerned about the two-dimensional stochastic convective Brinkman-Forchheime... more The present work is concerned about the two-dimensional stochastic convective Brinkman-Forchheimer (2D SCBF) equations perturbed by a white noise (non degenerate) in smooth bounded domains in R 2. We establish two important properties of the Markov semigroup associated with the solutions of the 2D SCBF equations (for the absorption exponent r = 1, 2, 3), that is, irreducibility and strong Feller property. These two properties implies the uniqueness of invariant measures and ergodicity also. Then, we discuss about the ergodic behavior of the 2D SCBF equations by providing a Large Deviation Principle (LDP) for the occupation measure for large time (Donsker-Varadhan), which describes the exact rate of exponential convergence.
The in-medium masses of the lowest S-wave charmonium states (vector meson, $J/\psi$ and pseudosca... more The in-medium masses of the lowest S-wave charmonium states (vector meson, $J/\psi$ and pseudoscalar meson, $\eta_c$) and P-wave charmonium states (scalar, $\chi_{c0}$ and axialvector $\chi_{c1}$) are investigated in magnetized nuclear matter, within the framework of QCD sum rule approach. These are computed from the medium modifications of the scalar as well as twist--2 gluon condensates, obtained from the medium modifications of a scalar dilaton field, within a chiral effective model. The effects of the magnetic field, isospin asymmetry and density on the masses of these charmonium states have been investigated. The modifications of the masses of the P-wave charmonium states ($\chi_{c0}$ and $\chi_{c1}$) are observed to be much larger as compared to those of the S-wave states, $J/\psi$ and $\eta_c$ within the QCD sum rule approach. The effects of the coupling of the spin with the magnetic field are also investigated in the present work, which result in the mixing of the spin zero ...
We study the thermal effects on the nuclear matter properties such as binding energy, incompressi... more We study the thermal effects on the nuclear matter properties such as binding energy, incompressibility, free symmetry energy and its coefficients using NL3 and G3 parameter sets of relativistic mean-field models. These models being consistent with the properties of cold nuclear matter have also been used to study the effect of temperature by incorporating the Fermi function. The critical temperature for the liquid-gas phase transition in the symmetric nuclear matter is found to be 14.60 and 15.37 MeV for NL3 and G3 parameter sets respectively, which is in excellent agreement with previous theoretical and experimental studies. We inspect that the properties related to the second differential coefficient of the binding energy and free symmetry energy at saturation density ( i.e. K0{n,T} and Qsym,0 ) exhibit the contrary effects for NL3 and G3 parameters as the temperature increases. We find that the prediction of saturated curvature parameter ( Ksym,0 ) for G3 equation of state at fi...
We trace a systematic and consistent method to precisely numerate the magnitude range for various... more We trace a systematic and consistent method to precisely numerate the magnitude range for various structural and isospin compositional properties of the neutron star. Incompressibility, symmetry energy, slope parameter and curvature of a neutron star are investigated using the relativistic energy density functional within the framework of coherent density fluctuation model. The analytical expression for the energy density functional of the neutron star matter is motivated from the Brückner functional and acquired by the polynomial fitting of the saturation curves for three different relativistic mean-field parameter sets (NL3, G3 and IU-FSU). The modified functional is folded with the neutron star’s density-dependent weight function to calculate the numerical values for incompressibility and symmetry energy using the coherent density fluctuation model. NL3 parameter set, being the stiffest equation of state, endue us with a higher magnitude of all the properties compared to the othe...
Phase inversion emulsification (PIE) is a process of generating emulsions by inverting the contin... more Phase inversion emulsification (PIE) is a process of generating emulsions by inverting the continuous and dispersed phases of precursor emulsions. PIE is particularly useful when it is challenging to generate the target emulsions by conventional emulsification methods. One such case is the synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles, which requires production of very small droplets of viscous oils. Currently most, if not all, PIE processes in industry are performed as batch processes. Many studies have demonstrated considerable reductions in operation time/cost by changing a batch system to a continuous system. One way of inducing phase inversion in continuous processing is by flowing emulsions through precisely engineered channels and pore-arrays i.e. by flow-induced phase inversion emulsification (FIPIE). A clear advantage of this mechanism is that it can be simulated in microfluidic channels and thus direct observation and fundamental investigation of the PIE process is possible. It is ...
This paper reports on the Waste transformer oil fuel is blended with diesel fuel in different per... more This paper reports on the Waste transformer oil fuel is blended with diesel fuel in different percentage and the effects of their operational characteristics and performance and emission characteristics of the DI diesel engine. In this study, the tested fuels were obtained through catalytic cracking process. Experimental results showed that the flash points and cetane number of the WTO blended diesel have increased with higher concentration of WTO. Based on the experimental results, HC, CO and NOx emissions noticeably decrease, while smoke emissions dramatically increase with increasing the dosing level of WTO. At the full load, the magnitude of HC, CO and NOx emissions for the neat diesel was 120 ppm, 0.36 (%by volume) and 1130ppm, whereas it was 68 ppm, 0.17 (%by volume) and 410ppm for the WTO20 fuel, respectively. The results also showed a significant enhancement in brake thermal efficiency and heat release rate due to the influence of the WTO20 in diesel blend. Keywords— Waste t...
The secondary component of the GW190814 event left us with a question, “whether it is a supermass... more The secondary component of the GW190814 event left us with a question, “whether it is a supermassive neutron star or lightest black-hole?” Recently, Fattoyev et al. obtained an energy density functional (EDF) named as BigApple, which reproduces the mass of the neutron star is 2.60 [Formula: see text] which is well consistent with GW190814 data. This study explores the properties of finite nuclei, nuclear matter and neutron stars by using the BigApple EDF along with four well-known relativistic mean-field forces, namely NL3, G3, IOPB-I and FSUGarnet. The finite nuclei properties like binding energy per particle, skin thickness, charge radius, single-particle energy, and two-neutron separation energy are well predicted by the BigApple for a series of nuclei. The calculated nuclear matter quantities, such as incompressibility, symmetry energy and slope parameters at saturation density, are consistent with the empirical or experimental values where ever available. The predicted canonica...
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2021
The effects of dark matter (DM) on the curvatures of the neutron star (NS) are examined by using ... more The effects of dark matter (DM) on the curvatures of the neutron star (NS) are examined by using the stiff and soft relativistic mean-field equation of states. The curvatures of the NSs are calculated with the variation of baryon density. It is found that the radial variation of different curvatures significantly affected by DM inside the star. The surface curvature is found to be more remarkable for the massive star. The effects of DM on the compactness of the maximum NS mass is less as compared to canonical star. The binding energy of the NS goes towards positive with the increase of DM momentum and makes the system unstable.
We study the thermal effects on the nuclear matter (NM) properties such as binding energy, incomp... more We study the thermal effects on the nuclear matter (NM) properties such as binding energy, incompressibility, free symmetry energy and its coefficients using NL3, G3 and IU-FSU parameter sets of relativistic mean-field models. These models being consistent with the properties of cold NM, have also been used to study the effect of temperature by incorporating the Fermi function. The critical temperature for the liquid-gas phase transition in the symmetric NM is found to be 14.60, 15.37 and 14.50 MeV for NL3, G3 and IU-FSU parameter sets respectively, which is in excellent agreement with previous theoretical and experimental studies. We inspect that the properties related to second differential coefficient of the binding energy and free symmetry energy at saturation density ( i.e. $$K_{0}(n,T)$$K0(n,T) and $$Q_{sym,0}$$Qsym,0 ) exhibit the contrary effects for NL3 and G3 parameters as the temperature increases. We find that the prediction of saturated curvature parameter ( $$K_{sym,0}...
This study proposes two prey–predator models with strong and weak Allee effects in prey populatio... more This study proposes two prey–predator models with strong and weak Allee effects in prey population with Crowley–Martin functional response. Further, gestation delay of the predator population is introduced in both the models. We discussed the boundedness, local stability and Hopf-bifurcation of both nondelayed and delayed systems. The stability and direction of Hopfbifurcation is also analyzed by using Normal form theory and Center manifold theory. It is shown that species in the model with strong Allee effect become extinct beyond a threshold value of Allee parameter at low density of prey population, whereas species never become extinct in weak Allee effect if they are initially present. It is also shown that gestation delay is unable to avoiding the status of extinction. Lastly, numerical simulation is conducted to verify the theoretical findings.
The first examples of phlorin analogues of meso-fused carbatriphyrins(2.1.1) and organo P(V) comp... more The first examples of phlorin analogues of meso-fused carbatriphyrins(2.1.1) and organo P(V) complex of one of the mesofused carbatriphyrins were obtained by adopting premodification strategy starting with fluorene as fused polyaromatic precursor over sequence of steps. The meso-fused carbatriphyrins(2.1.1) were obtained as their nonaromatic phlorin analogues owing to the unstable nature of the fully conjugated meso-fused carbatriphyrins(2.1.1). The organo P(V) complex of one of the meso-fused carbatriphyrins was prepared by treating phlorin analogue of carbatriphyrin(2.1.1) with PCl 3 in toluene/triethylamine at reflux for 1 h. The P(V) complex of the mesofused carbatriphyrin(2.1.1) was found to be moderately aromatic and the resulting global conjugation pathway in P(V) complex significantly alters the aromaticity of the fluorene unit. The nonaromatic nature of the phlorin analogues of the meso-fused carbatriphyrin(2.1.1) and the moderately aromatic nature of its P(V) complex were supported by X-ray cystallography, absorption spectroscopy, NMR studies together with NICS, AICD and HOSE calculations.
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2017
A comparative study based on exergetic performance of two different types of artificial roughness... more A comparative study based on exergetic performance of two different types of artificial roughness geometries on the absorber plate of solar air heater has been presented. The performance evaluation in terms of thermal efficiency (ɳth), effective efficiency (ɳeff), exergetic efficiency (ɳII) and different exergy loss parameters has been carried out analytically, for various values of temperature rise parameter (∆T/I) and relative roughness height (e/D). The second law based exergy analysis is suitable for design of rib roughened solar air heaters as it incorporates quality of useful energy output and pumping power. The two roughness geometries are discrete W-shape rib roughness and W-shape rib roughness have been selected. The correlations for heat transfer and coefficient of friction developed by respective investigators have been used to calculate efficiencies. It was investigated that discrete W-shape rib roughness has better thermal efficiency (ɳth), effective efficiency (ɳeff) and exergetic efficiency (ɳII) as compared to the W-shape rib roughness. The optimum parameters are relative roughness height (e/D) of 0.3375 at an angle of attack of 60º and isolation value of 1000 w/m 2. It was investigated that discrete W-shaped rib roughness has 33% more exergetic efficiency then W-shaped rib roughness under similar performance parameters such as aspect ratio (8), relative roughness height (e/D) of 0.03375, angle of attack (α) of 60º, relative roughness pitch (P/e) of 10 and isolation value of 1000 w/m 2 with Reynolds number ranges from 4000 to 14000. Curves of thermal efficiency (ɳth), effective efficiency (ɳeff), exergetic efficiency (ɳII) and different exergy loss parameters with respect to temperature rise parameter (∆T/I) and relative roughness height (e/D) are also plotted.
Ticks are obligate ectoparasites that have an impact on wide range of vertebrates and also act as... more Ticks are obligate ectoparasites that have an impact on wide range of vertebrates and also act as a potential vector for the transmission of tropical theileriosis, babesiosis, etc., causing significant loss to livestock production worldwide. While feeding, they introduce their saliva containing different bioactive molecules into the host. These molecules have the capability to counteract the host hemostatic mechanism to suck host blood successfully. Therefore, the study was aimed to isolate anti-platelet aggregating peptides from salivary gland extract (SGE) of Hyalomma anatolicum ticks, a commonly available tick in India. Female H. anatolicum salivary glands were dissected out and SGE was prepared by homogenizing it in a suitable buffer under ice. Extract so obtained was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography using Sephacryl S-200 column. Total protein concentration in fractions was estimated and bovine platelets were isolated, stimulated with thrombin (positive control), tr...
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