This study presents the case study of the lesson study in a primary social studies classroom in J... more This study presents the case study of the lesson study in a primary social studies classroom in Japan. The result indicates to propose a new method of social studies lesson study. While previous method tended to pay less attention to the context of school and children because of the focus of generalization, this study highlights the reality of diverse children in a classroom settings. Throughout the study, we compared the two items: The structure of the subject, namely, triangle relation of goals, contents, and methods and learner 's learning structure. Comparing the two items, we could see the effect of the process of teaching and learning on the children. It means that we can propose the new method by focusing on the reality of the classroom
The aim of this study is to design the peace education unit, which support the students to achiev... more The aim of this study is to design the peace education unit, which support the students to achieve the two goals: (1) to reconstruct their own notions of peace, and (2) to acquire interdisciplinary concepts and apply them to find and describe the (non-)peaceful situations in our usual life. Therefore, we developed and implemented a concept based inquiry unit (18 class hours) at Hiroshima Global Academy (HiGA) middle school by contextualize the previous unit plan into the integrated learning program on “Global Justice.” As a result, we could choose the six concepts explaining a nonviolent but threatening the peaceful governance, human relation, and agency, demonstrate the social examples to apply them, and set a controversy defining the criteria of peace. The first outcome of this study is that we show the curricular-instructional gatekeeping adjusting to the school context of HiGA. The second is to find the relations between the students' learning of peace concepts and the recon...
The aim of this study is to develop the module for peace education which helps learners to recons... more The aim of this study is to develop the module for peace education which helps learners to reconstruct their own perspectives on peace. Previous studies introducing lesson plans on peace education have limitation in that these lesson plans focus heavily on wars or issues unfamiliar to students. In addition, they were not intended to give opportunities to metacognize the reconstruction of perspectives on peace. The lesson module we developed consists of three section: introduction section, main section, closing section. The main section consists of six units, and we chose six concepts or theories with which learners reconstruct their perspectives on peace：(1)game theory, (2)Galtung’s theory of peace, (3)conflict resolution, (4)authoritarian personality, (5)labeling theory, and, (6)social identity. This lesson module includes not only various concepts or theories about peace but also the process through which learners reconstruct their own perspectives on peace and reflection on the p...
This paper aims at answering the following two questions; one is “How can social studies move fro... more This paper aims at answering the following two questions; one is “How can social studies move from contents-focused to contents-skill-balanced?” and the other is “How can social studies’ unique skills and competency that extend beyond the boundary of individual subject be cultivated simultaneously?” To answer these questions, authors analyzed “The College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework” and its four example units, which are designed by NCSS to promote inquiry-based curriculum and cultivating competency within social studies. The four example units were based on the “Inquiry Arc,” which is the core of the framework: (a) developing questions and planning inquiries, (b) applying disciplinary tools and concepts, (c) evaluating sources and using evidence, and (d) communicating conclusions and taking informed action. After the analysis, authors could discover the framework’s three characteristics. (1) C3 Framework integrates social science disciplines into social studies by using ...
This paper recapitulates a lecture given on June 26, 2018 at the Educational Vision Research Inst... more This paper recapitulates a lecture given on June 26, 2018 at the Educational Vision Research Institute, Hiroshima University by Thomas Misco, a professor from Miami University. The title of Prof. Misco’s lecture was “Education in Asia and Oceania: Why are these contexts so intriguing for a US researcher?” The lecture described how Prof. Misco became interested in education systems throughout Asia and Oceania, and also outlined the development of his career. The lecture also showed how Prof. Misco’s studies focusing on specific examples of education systems in various countries were significant in generating hypotheses for other current or future contexts. Prof. Misco’s research career was shown to be suitable for exploring the context of US social studies education in recent years and is also applicable for future studies of Japanese social studies education
This study analyzed the ideas about historical significance of students of an overseas Japanese s... more This study analyzed the ideas about historical significance of students of an overseas Japanese school. This research conducted qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 15 students. Most of the students identified not with the country they lived in but with Japan. Moreover, they rarely saw the historical events related to the country they lived in as historically significant. Their selection and thinking were similar to those of the students in Japan. This study suggests that previous proposals of social studies education in Japan that tried to include inquiry stance, excluding the identity stance, may not work. Rather, this study suggests that history education should actively deal with history related to identity and that other stances such as analytic stance should be adopted
社会科研究 = Journal of educational research on social studies, Nov 30, 2019
This research investigates what history children consider to be important and the reasons behind ... more This research investigates what history children consider to be important and the reasons behind their thinking. This study utilizes semi-structured interviews of 31 children from the first grade to the third grade of junior high school. Relying on an analytical framework and research method borrowed from the British and American tradition of history education research, this study found that the children explained the significance of historical events or people according to a narrative template primarily consisting of three themes: (1) "what makes the present," such as the progression of culture and technologies; (2) "relationships with foreign countries," such as exchanges between Japan and other nations; and (3) "domestic autonomy," such as the formation of independent national systems. Excluding these themes, some children also referred to death and sacrifice and resistance to them as important topics, but the context in which they were regarded as significant was limited. This study concludes that, at least in junior high school, children can judge and discuss what is important in history, so teachers should recognize children's viewpoints on the subject as teaching material, develop their metacognition concerning their perspectives on history through activities involving selection and evaluation, drive their motivation for inquiry by incorporating their view on history, and contextualize it through aims-talk.
This paper aims at answering the following two questions; one is "How can social studies move fro... more This paper aims at answering the following two questions; one is "How can social studies move from contents-focused to contents-skill-balanced?" and the other is "How can social studies' unique skills and competency that extend beyond the boundary of individual subject be cultivated simultaneously?" To answer these questions, authors analyzed "The College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework" and its four example units, which are designed by NCSS to promote inquiry-based curriculum and cultivating competency within social studies. The four example units were based on the "Inquiry Arc," which is the core of the framework: (a) developing questions and planning inquiries, (b) applying disciplinary tools and concepts, (c) evaluating sources and using evidence, and (d) communicating conclusions and taking informed action. After the analysis, authors could discover the framework's three characteristics. (1) C3 Framework integrates social science disciplines into social studies by using them as lenses to understand society. (2) The framework also achieves a good balance between doing social studies and developing competencies that goes beyond a subject through adapting Inquiry Arc. (3) The framework gives discretionary power to curriculum designers including teachers, so they should be in charge of their curriculum as gatekeepers.
This study presents the case study of the lesson study in a primary social studies classroom in J... more This study presents the case study of the lesson study in a primary social studies classroom in Japan. The result indicates to propose a new method of social studies lesson study. While previous method tended to pay less attention to the context of school and children because of the focus of generalization, this study highlights the reality of diverse children in a classroom settings. Throughout the study, we compared the two items: The structure of the subject, namely, triangle relation of goals, contents, and methods and learner 's learning structure. Comparing the two items, we could see the effect of the process of teaching and learning on the children. It means that we can propose the new method by focusing on the reality of the classroom
The aim of this study is to design the peace education unit, which support the students to achiev... more The aim of this study is to design the peace education unit, which support the students to achieve the two goals: (1) to reconstruct their own notions of peace, and (2) to acquire interdisciplinary concepts and apply them to find and describe the (non-)peaceful situations in our usual life. Therefore, we developed and implemented a concept based inquiry unit (18 class hours) at Hiroshima Global Academy (HiGA) middle school by contextualize the previous unit plan into the integrated learning program on “Global Justice.” As a result, we could choose the six concepts explaining a nonviolent but threatening the peaceful governance, human relation, and agency, demonstrate the social examples to apply them, and set a controversy defining the criteria of peace. The first outcome of this study is that we show the curricular-instructional gatekeeping adjusting to the school context of HiGA. The second is to find the relations between the students' learning of peace concepts and the recon...
The aim of this study is to develop the module for peace education which helps learners to recons... more The aim of this study is to develop the module for peace education which helps learners to reconstruct their own perspectives on peace. Previous studies introducing lesson plans on peace education have limitation in that these lesson plans focus heavily on wars or issues unfamiliar to students. In addition, they were not intended to give opportunities to metacognize the reconstruction of perspectives on peace. The lesson module we developed consists of three section: introduction section, main section, closing section. The main section consists of six units, and we chose six concepts or theories with which learners reconstruct their perspectives on peace：(1)game theory, (2)Galtung’s theory of peace, (3)conflict resolution, (4)authoritarian personality, (5)labeling theory, and, (6)social identity. This lesson module includes not only various concepts or theories about peace but also the process through which learners reconstruct their own perspectives on peace and reflection on the p...
This paper aims at answering the following two questions; one is “How can social studies move fro... more This paper aims at answering the following two questions; one is “How can social studies move from contents-focused to contents-skill-balanced?” and the other is “How can social studies’ unique skills and competency that extend beyond the boundary of individual subject be cultivated simultaneously?” To answer these questions, authors analyzed “The College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework” and its four example units, which are designed by NCSS to promote inquiry-based curriculum and cultivating competency within social studies. The four example units were based on the “Inquiry Arc,” which is the core of the framework: (a) developing questions and planning inquiries, (b) applying disciplinary tools and concepts, (c) evaluating sources and using evidence, and (d) communicating conclusions and taking informed action. After the analysis, authors could discover the framework’s three characteristics. (1) C3 Framework integrates social science disciplines into social studies by using ...
This paper recapitulates a lecture given on June 26, 2018 at the Educational Vision Research Inst... more This paper recapitulates a lecture given on June 26, 2018 at the Educational Vision Research Institute, Hiroshima University by Thomas Misco, a professor from Miami University. The title of Prof. Misco’s lecture was “Education in Asia and Oceania: Why are these contexts so intriguing for a US researcher?” The lecture described how Prof. Misco became interested in education systems throughout Asia and Oceania, and also outlined the development of his career. The lecture also showed how Prof. Misco’s studies focusing on specific examples of education systems in various countries were significant in generating hypotheses for other current or future contexts. Prof. Misco’s research career was shown to be suitable for exploring the context of US social studies education in recent years and is also applicable for future studies of Japanese social studies education
This study analyzed the ideas about historical significance of students of an overseas Japanese s... more This study analyzed the ideas about historical significance of students of an overseas Japanese school. This research conducted qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 15 students. Most of the students identified not with the country they lived in but with Japan. Moreover, they rarely saw the historical events related to the country they lived in as historically significant. Their selection and thinking were similar to those of the students in Japan. This study suggests that previous proposals of social studies education in Japan that tried to include inquiry stance, excluding the identity stance, may not work. Rather, this study suggests that history education should actively deal with history related to identity and that other stances such as analytic stance should be adopted
社会科研究 = Journal of educational research on social studies, Nov 30, 2019
This research investigates what history children consider to be important and the reasons behind ... more This research investigates what history children consider to be important and the reasons behind their thinking. This study utilizes semi-structured interviews of 31 children from the first grade to the third grade of junior high school. Relying on an analytical framework and research method borrowed from the British and American tradition of history education research, this study found that the children explained the significance of historical events or people according to a narrative template primarily consisting of three themes: (1) "what makes the present," such as the progression of culture and technologies; (2) "relationships with foreign countries," such as exchanges between Japan and other nations; and (3) "domestic autonomy," such as the formation of independent national systems. Excluding these themes, some children also referred to death and sacrifice and resistance to them as important topics, but the context in which they were regarded as significant was limited. This study concludes that, at least in junior high school, children can judge and discuss what is important in history, so teachers should recognize children's viewpoints on the subject as teaching material, develop their metacognition concerning their perspectives on history through activities involving selection and evaluation, drive their motivation for inquiry by incorporating their view on history, and contextualize it through aims-talk.
This paper aims at answering the following two questions; one is "How can social studies move fro... more This paper aims at answering the following two questions; one is "How can social studies move from contents-focused to contents-skill-balanced?" and the other is "How can social studies' unique skills and competency that extend beyond the boundary of individual subject be cultivated simultaneously?" To answer these questions, authors analyzed "The College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework" and its four example units, which are designed by NCSS to promote inquiry-based curriculum and cultivating competency within social studies. The four example units were based on the "Inquiry Arc," which is the core of the framework: (a) developing questions and planning inquiries, (b) applying disciplinary tools and concepts, (c) evaluating sources and using evidence, and (d) communicating conclusions and taking informed action. After the analysis, authors could discover the framework's three characteristics. (1) C3 Framework integrates social science disciplines into social studies by using them as lenses to understand society. (2) The framework also achieves a good balance between doing social studies and developing competencies that goes beyond a subject through adapting Inquiry Arc. (3) The framework gives discretionary power to curriculum designers including teachers, so they should be in charge of their curriculum as gatekeepers.
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