Papers by International Journal
The recommendations for lap lengths of steel bars in reinforced concrete as specified by CP110 (1... more The recommendations for lap lengths of steel bars in reinforced concrete as specified by CP110 (1972), BS8110 (1985) and EC2 have been reviewed and evaluated for their safety implications in the bar curtailment and detailing. Results indicate that the implied safety is not uniform especially when the bar size factor in the prevailing specified equations for lap length design is about half its value for all the codes. Also, the earlier provision of CP110 (1972) gave the best safety indices in all the cases evaluated. However, it is suggested herein that an adequate lap length of bars in reinforced concrete design could be about 50times the smallest bar size in the reinforced concrete member as opposed to the EC2 (2008) provisions of 40times the smallest bar size.
The recommendations for lap lengths of steel bars in reinforced concrete as specified by CP110 (1... more The recommendations for lap lengths of steel bars in reinforced concrete as specified by CP110 (1972), BS8110 (1985) and EC2 have been reviewed and evaluated for their safety implications in the bar curtailment and detailing. Results indicate that the implied safety is not uniform especially when the bar size factor in the prevailing specified equations for lap length design is about half its value for all the codes. Also, the earlier provision of CP110 (1972) gave the best safety indices in all the cases evaluated. However, it is suggested herein that an adequate lap length of bars in reinforced concrete design could be about 50times the smallest bar size in the reinforced concrete member as opposed to the EC2 (2008) provisions of 40times the smallest bar size.
The recommendations for lap lengths of steel bars in reinforced concrete as specified by CP110 (1... more The recommendations for lap lengths of steel bars in reinforced concrete as specified by CP110 (1972), BS8110 (1985) and EC2 have been reviewed and evaluated for their safety implications in the bar curtailment and detailing. Results indicate that the implied safety is not uniform especially when the bar size factor in the prevailing specified equations for lap length design is about half its value for all the codes. Also, the earlier provision of CP110 (1972) gave the best safety indices in all the cases evaluated. However, it is suggested herein that an adequate lap length of bars in reinforced concrete design could be about 50times the smallest bar size in the reinforced concrete member as opposed to the EC2 (2008) provisions of 40times the smallest bar size.
This paper presents the design of an efficient hardware architecture and the implementation of AE... more This paper presents the design of an efficient hardware architecture and the implementation of AES encryption and decryption standard AES-128. All the transformations of both Encryption and Decryption are simulated using an iterative design approach in order to minimize the hardware consumption. Xilinx XC3S200 device of Spartan Family is used for hardware evaluation. This method can make it a very low-complex architecture, especially in saving the hardware resource in implementing the AES mix column and Inverse Mix columns module. As the mix column in encryption and inverse mix column in decryption is implemented by new hardware architecture, in this design, the chip area and power can still be optimized. The new Mix Column transformation improves the performance of the inverse cipher and also reduces the complexity of the system. the Inverse mix column operation can be done for fixed multiplication with columns in Key operation is only a simple logical XOR of the state using a round key which is .Add Round Key Phase , 2013) ISSN: 2321 the Inverse mix column operation can be done for fixed multiplication with in decryption Key operation is only a simple logical XOR of the state using a round key which is Round Key Phase , 2013) ISSN: 2321 the Inverse mix column operation can be done for fixed multiplication with side Key operation is only a simple logical XOR of the state using a round key which is , 2013) the Inverse mix column operation can be done for fixed multiplication with Key operation is only a simple logical XOR of the state using a round key which is 1776 the Inverse mix column operation can be done for fixed multiplication with
A classifier for predicting protein secondary structure from amino acid sequences has been propos... more A classifier for predicting protein secondary structure from amino acid sequences has been proposed and implemented in a previous experiment. NN-GORV-II classifier utilizes the power of Artificial Neural Network and GOR method of protein secondary structure prediction. The Critical Assessment of techniques for Structure Prediction of proteins (CASP) experiments aim at establishing the current state of the art in protein structure prediction. The NN-GORV-II classifier is tested using CASP targets proteins. This test is based on testing a new protein classifier with proteins targets (amino acids) that were never used by the classifier at any prior training or testing stages, hence it's known as blind test. This type of prediction was described as true prediction. The performance of the NN-GORV-II method on the CASP targets: (Q 3 ) is 76.9% with 7.5% standard deviation while the quality of the prediction (SOV 3 ) of the method reached 75.4% with 9.8% standard deviation. The Correlation Coefficients are 0.68, 0.63, and 0.62 for helices, strands, and coils, respectively, indicating strong relationship between predicted and observed secondary structures states.
This studyexplored the content of five (5) popular Hiligaynon songs and their representation of f... more This studyexplored the content of five (5) popular Hiligaynon songs and their representation of feminine images of the Ilonggain thesong lyrics. Analysis of the songs suggests that the most dominant codefound is "Woman as Sex Object" and this code is directly linked to her physical appearance and attractiveness. Results of the study suggest that contents in the song lyrics reproduce prevailing sexual ideologies. Implications to media practice and cultural views on women are discussed.
Water scarcity is globally getting worse in the light of increase in demand for water use. Human ... more Water scarcity is globally getting worse in the light of increase in demand for water use. Human and ecosystem health and economic development are affected by problems of water scarcity and water pollution. This article assessed the economic value of irrigation water in crop production around the Lower Moshi Irrigation Scheme in Tanzania. Specifically, the study determines and estimates economic value of paddy and maize using Residual Imputation Method while the Change in Net Income Approach was used to compute the net output values. Household questionnaires, checklist for key informants and participant observation were employed for data collection. Questionnaire survey was administered to 105 households to establish the major agricultural activities, crops, costs of production and income accrued from these activities. Data relating to household characteristics and water related economic activities were analysed using LiMDEP 12 statistical software whereby Microsoft Excel was employed to analyze data and quantify benefits accumulated from water (returns). Findings revealed that, 78.3 percent of the respondents own land and 21.7 percent of them rent the land for crop production. The net values of water for irrigated paddy and maize were estimated to Tshs 661.2 (US$ 0.413 per m 3 ) and
The aim of this research article is to study the satisfaction levels in using of Internet Banking... more The aim of this research article is to study the satisfaction levels in using of Internet Banking Services and to analyze the causes for not using of Internet Banking Services and also to determine the perceived importance of diverse Internet Banking Services in Tirupati area of Andhra Pradesh. As for the methodology of the present investigation, it is based on both primary and the secondary data had to be collected and later be used for analyzing and finding the results and to draw inferences. The first stage
Every individual has the human right to education. It is because only through education a society... more Every individual has the human right to education. It is because only through education a society can be developed in its proper direction. Women are considered as the integral part of society. Hence, there cannot be an educated nation without educated women. The destiny of a nation is moulded and fashioned through its education and in this; the education of women has a strategic importance. But the general plight of women in the society is a saga of bias and disregard. Traditionally women have been compelled to play the second fiddle in every sphere. Women continue to face discrimination at all levels of education, a fact which poses tremendous obstacles to the development of social environment.
This study determined the contribution of Lucban specialty foods to its tourism industry in terms... more This study determined the contribution of Lucban specialty foods to its tourism industry in terms of social and economic benefits and to propose a plan of action to promote Lucban as food specialty destination. The researchers used descriptive and qualitative method with Tourism Officer, Residents and restaurant owners as respondents. The researchers found out that the contributions of the Lucban specialty foods for economic benefits are considered as the source of income and it helps to increase demand and taxes. In promoting Lucban as food specialty destination, restaurant owners are using some marketing tools especially the word of mouth to spread their culinary tourism. The researchers recommended that the restaurant owners may enhance these specialty foods of Lucban to be more attractive and refreshing for the tourists. To maintain the tourism industry in Lucban, Quezon they may provide additional services to satisfy tourists, maintain the quality of the product and the characteristics of people in Lucban and create more products that continuously develop their social and economic resources.
This research looked into the business operations in franchising Zagu Pearl Shake business in Bat... more This research looked into the business operations in franchising Zagu Pearl Shake business in Batangas City. More specifically, it describes the profile of the service staff personnel and the problems encountered during the operation of franchising business. The operation of Zagu Pearl Shake business in Batangas City is very good based on set standards on proper portion, control and quality taste which makes it a leader in the Pearl Shake franchising business. The common problems encountered by staff are due to the standard operating procedures set by the company as a franchise business. Continuous improvement in taste, flavour and other modifications maybe done at Pearl Shake for its price to be more competitive and be the leader of Pearl Shake Franchising business.
The growing trends of ethno-religious intolerance and the attendant conflicts in Nigeria do not o... more The growing trends of ethno-religious intolerance and the attendant conflicts in Nigeria do not only constitute a major threat to the corporate existence of the country but are also working against democracy and its sustainability. Against this background, this paper argues that nation building continues to be a mirage in Nigeria as sectional, regional, tribal, religious, group and individual interests rather than national interests are promoted. This is despite the integrative mechanisms that are in operation in the country. The paper insisted that Nigeria's endless search for nationhood is reflective of the insincerity of the political elite who exploit the religious and ethnic diversity of the country to feather their nests. The implication of this is that the glue of shared values in the polity is increasingly melting as citizens lose a sense of their collective citizenship and unity of purpose. An extensive political education and mass mobilization, among other suggested measures, is therefore imperative in order to free the people from this elitist grip and indoctrination so as to be able to build a united Nigeria in the midst of ethno-religious plurality.
This paper mainly analyses the early phase of Banking in India upto 1947. The phase leading up to... more This paper mainly analyses the early phase of Banking in India upto 1947. The phase leading up to independence laid the foundation of the Indian banking system. The initial phase (up to 1947) was a difficult period for the banking sector. In Preindependence period most banks were small and had private shareholding, they were largely localised and many of them failed. They came under the purview of the Reserve Bank that was established as a central bank for the country in 1935. In this phase, many banks failed which was marked by the two World Wars and the Great Depression. By the end of this phase, the country's financial requirements were still catered to, in a large measure, by the unorganised sector. The focus of the banking sector was on urban areas and the requirements of agriculture and the rural sector were neglected. Although the co-operative credit movement had a very encouraging beginning, it did not spread as expected despite Government patronage.
Primary school teachers play an important role in our educational system and this role could be p... more Primary school teachers play an important role in our educational system and this role could be played with some pressures. Pressures or stress can be advantageous to some extent but, excessive job stress can lead to negative consequences. The present investigation was undertaken to study the levels of job-satisfaction of primary school teachers. The study was conducted in Tirupati town, multi stage random sampling technique was used to select the sample. The sample comprises of 64 (32 male teachers and 32 female teachers) from private and government schools of Tirupati town. The teachers were selected according to their work experience that is below 5 years and above 5 years. Job satisfaction inventory developed by R.S. Mishra (1993) was used know the levels of job satisfaction of primary school teachers. The results revealed that there was significant positive relationship between teacher's job satisfaction and their age, length of service. Teachers differed significantly in their job-satisfaction with reference to gender and income.
The event study methodology has been used to estimate cumulative average abnormal returns (CAR) i... more The event study methodology has been used to estimate cumulative average abnormal returns (CAR) in an 80 day window period (CAR) in a 1-day, 2-day, 5-day, 10-day, 15-day, 20-day, and 80-day window period of Declaration of Tata takeover of Corus. The study aims at exploring the implications of the acquisition for the shareholders. The event study methodology has been used to estimate Cumulative Abnormal Returns (CAR) for a 80 day window period. Market Model Method (single-factor model) has been used.
Education has enduring impression on human persona. It is believed that life skills and value edu... more Education has enduring impression on human persona. It is believed that life skills and value education taught in schools and colleges lay foundation of an individual to lead a value based life. There can be numerous ways to evaluate whether teachings of human values inculcate virtues in a student. However, the researcher has conducted an empirical study with 647 samples of teachers and students from schools, colleges,universities and technical institutions across Odisha on five parameters. This qualitative sampling survey was conducted to examine whether curriculum encompassing human values play a role in personality development of a student. These value parameters include conviction, optimism, and acceptance to responsibility, acceptance to new opportunities and challenges in life and career, self motivation and ambition. With the help of Likert scale the opinions from the samples were collected with utmost care. Statistical analysis viz., average, percentage, bar diagram and Chi-square tests of independence were used to test the hypothesis. Finally, the robustness of statistical analysis was analysedthrough Pearson's contingency coefficient to describe the strength of association. Teachers and students perceive and believe that teachings of human values bring positive personality traits in students and thus value education may be made mandatory in formal and non-formal educational institutes.
Job satisfaction describes how content an individual is with his or her job. It is a relatively r... more Job satisfaction describes how content an individual is with his or her job. It is a relatively recent term since in previous centuries the jobs available to a particular person were often predetermined by the occupation of that person's parent. There are a variety of factors that can influence a person's level of job satisfaction. Some of these factors include the level of pay and benefits, the perceived fairness o the promotion system within a company, the quality of the working conditions, leadership and social relationships, the job itself (the variety of tasks involved, the interest and challenge the job generates, and the clarity of the job description/requirements). The objective of the study is to measure the level of satisfaction of employees with respect to the company on various parameters such as working condition, Salary, Relationship with employees of company, Policies of company, Welfare Facilities and other benefits and find out the factor which mostly affects their job satisfaction level. By adopting simple random sampling technique and convenience technique samples of 100 respondents have been taken from NFL (National Fertilizers Limited) Bathinda by using well-structured questionnaire and for data analysis various statistical techniques and tools such as mean, percentage, frequency and weighted average score has been used. Further it is concluded that majority of the employees are satisfied with their work assigned to them, salary, policies of the company, welfare facilities and relationship with the employees. As per the nature of the job concern they said that interesting type of job is given to them. According to them good working condition is the main factor that affects their job satisfaction level.
The impact of employee turnover has received considerable attention by Top level management, huma... more The impact of employee turnover has received considerable attention by Top level management, human resources management, and industrial consultants. It has proven to be one of the most costly and apparently inflexible human resource challenges confronting organizations. The purpose of this paper is to identify why employees are leaving the departments and to propose ways to improve employee retention. This paper provides a summary of information, on the costs of employee turnover, factors contributing to its amount in organizations, and proposed remedies.
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Papers by International Journal