Samples of descending mid-thoracic aortas were obtained from human autopsies and experiments were... more Samples of descending mid-thoracic aortas were obtained from human autopsies and experiments were performed to determine the effect of strain rate and direction of loading on the failure properties of the tissue in uniaxial tension. The tests were performed at quasi-static strain rates in the range 0.01 s-'-O.07 s-' and dynamic tests in the range 8Os-'-100 s-l. Ultimate stress and extension ratio values have been calculated for specimens tested in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the aorta. 887
We used Comparative Risk Assessment methods to estimate the health eff ects of alternative urban ... more We used Comparative Risk Assessment methods to estimate the health eff ects of alternative urban land transport scenarios for two settings-London, UK, and Delhi, India. For each setting, we compared a business-as-usual 2030 projection (without policies for reduction of greenhouse gases) with alternative scenarios-lower-carbon-emission motor vehicles, increased active travel, and a combination of the two. We developed separate models that linked transport scenarios with physical activity, air pollution, and risk of road traffi c injury.
Road use patterns in Delhi. India are very different from those in cities in highly industrialize... more Road use patterns in Delhi. India are very different from those in cities in highly industrialized countries. In Delhi roads are also shared by unmotorized vehicles in large numbers. This study is an attempt to understand fatal crash patterns in Delhi in 1980 using police data. The results indicate that fatality patterns in Delhi are very different from those in highly industrialized countries. Pedestrians. two-wheeler riders and bus commuters comprise 80% of fatalities and motor-vehicle occupants a small minority. It appears that priorities for safety countermeasures in Delhi would have to be significantly different from those in more industrialized high-income countries. Some short-term and long-term measures are suggested in the paper.
Journal of Trauma-injury Infection and Critical Care, 1983
Among 173 fatally injured bicyclists, the head or neck was the region most seriously injured in 8... more Among 173 fatally injured bicyclists, the head or neck was the region most seriously injured in 86%. The frequency of injury to the head and neck region and the frequency of nonsurvivable (AIS 6) injury were highest among the cases aged 16 years or less. Vertebral fractures occurred most often in the highest cervical vertebra (C1) and progressively less often in lower vertebrae. The relationship between vertebral position and fracture likelihood is approximately log linear. Bicyclists with a relatively long time from injury to death tended to be older persons with survivable injuries. They often died from complications (pneumonia, pulmonary embolus) rather than directly from their injuries.
Samples of descending mid-thoracic aortas were obtained from human autopsies and experiments were... more Samples of descending mid-thoracic aortas were obtained from human autopsies and experiments were performed to determine the effect of strain rate and direction of loading on the failure properties of the tissue in uniaxial tension. The tests were performed at quasi-static strain rates in the range 0.01 s-'-O.07 s-' and dynamic tests in the range 8Os-'-100 s-l. Ultimate stress and extension ratio values have been calculated for specimens tested in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the aorta. 887
We used Comparative Risk Assessment methods to estimate the health eff ects of alternative urban ... more We used Comparative Risk Assessment methods to estimate the health eff ects of alternative urban land transport scenarios for two settings-London, UK, and Delhi, India. For each setting, we compared a business-as-usual 2030 projection (without policies for reduction of greenhouse gases) with alternative scenarios-lower-carbon-emission motor vehicles, increased active travel, and a combination of the two. We developed separate models that linked transport scenarios with physical activity, air pollution, and risk of road traffi c injury.
Road use patterns in Delhi. India are very different from those in cities in highly industrialize... more Road use patterns in Delhi. India are very different from those in cities in highly industrialized countries. In Delhi roads are also shared by unmotorized vehicles in large numbers. This study is an attempt to understand fatal crash patterns in Delhi in 1980 using police data. The results indicate that fatality patterns in Delhi are very different from those in highly industrialized countries. Pedestrians. two-wheeler riders and bus commuters comprise 80% of fatalities and motor-vehicle occupants a small minority. It appears that priorities for safety countermeasures in Delhi would have to be significantly different from those in more industrialized high-income countries. Some short-term and long-term measures are suggested in the paper.
Journal of Trauma-injury Infection and Critical Care, 1983
Among 173 fatally injured bicyclists, the head or neck was the region most seriously injured in 8... more Among 173 fatally injured bicyclists, the head or neck was the region most seriously injured in 86%. The frequency of injury to the head and neck region and the frequency of nonsurvivable (AIS 6) injury were highest among the cases aged 16 years or less. Vertebral fractures occurred most often in the highest cervical vertebra (C1) and progressively less often in lower vertebrae. The relationship between vertebral position and fracture likelihood is approximately log linear. Bicyclists with a relatively long time from injury to death tended to be older persons with survivable injuries. They often died from complications (pneumonia, pulmonary embolus) rather than directly from their injuries.
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