Tugas Besar Desain Pondasi Ii
Tugas Besar Desain Pondasi Ii
Tugas Besar Desain Pondasi Ii
Diketahui konstruksi tembok penahan tipe Gravity wall dengan data-data sebagai berikut:
β= 5.00 °
α= 5.00 °
δ= 23.00 °
γ1 = 3.95 t/m³
γ'1 = 1.64 t/m³
γ'2 = 1.74 t/m³
ɸ'1 = 16.00 °
ɸ'2 = 26.00 °
γ'b = 2.59 t/m³
Keterangan:
( √ )
Ka =
sin ( ɸ+ δ ) . sin(ɸ−β)
cos² α.cos(α + δ). 1+ ²
cos ( α + δ ) . cos(α −β)
- Untuk lapisan 1
Dik.: α= 5.00 °
ɸ1 = 16.00 °
δ= 23.00 °
β= 5.00 °
Ka =
cos² 5°.cos(5°+ 23°). 1+ ( √ cos²(16°-5°)
sin (16 °+23 ° ) .sin (16 °−5 °)
cos ( 5°+23 ° ) .cos (5 °−5 ° ) ) ²
1.00
Ka1 =
0.88 . 1.94
Ka1 = 0.58
- Untuk lapisan 2
Pada bagian yang miring
Dik.: α= 5.00 °
ɸ2 = 26.00 °
δ= 23.00 °
β= 5.00 °
cos²(26°-5°)
Ka =
cos² 5°.cos(5°+ 23°). 1+ ( √ sin (26 ° +23 ° ) . sin(26 °−5 ° )
cos ( 5° +23 ° ) . cos(5 °−5 ° ) )²
0.99
Ka2 =
0.88 . 2.52
Ka2 = 0.44
cos²(26°-0°)
Ka =
cos² 0°.cos(0°+ 23°). 1+ ( √ sin (26 ° +23 ° ) . sin(26 °−5 ° )
cos ( 0° +23 ° ) . cos(0 °−5 ° ) )²
0.98
Ka =
0.92 . 2.44
Ka = 0.44
( √ )
Ka =
sin ( ɸ+δ ) .sin (ɸ+ β )
cos² α.cos(α - δ). 1− ²
cos ( α −δ ) . cos( α+ β)
Dik.: α= 0.00 °
ɸ2 = 26.00 °
δ= 23.00 °
β= 0.00 °
cos²(26°-0°)
Kp =
cos² 0°.cos(0°- 23°). 1− ( √ cos ( 0 °−23 ° ) . cos (0 ° +5° ) )
sin ( 26 ° +23 ° ) . sin(26 ° +5 ° )
²
0.98
Kp =
0.92 . 0.14
Kp = 7.56
σ2 = q . Ka2
σ2 = 4.77 . 0.44
σ2 = 2.12 t/m²
σ3 = γ1 . Ha . Ka1
σ3 = 3.95 . 3.44 . 0.58
σ3 = 7.93 t/m²
- akibat beban (q), tanah setinggi Ha, tanah setinggi Hb terhadap tanah
setiggi Hc
σ6 = (q+γ1 . Ha + γ'1 . Hb) . Ka2
σ6 = 21.64 . 0.44
σ6 = 9.62 t/m²
- akibat beban (q), tanah setinggi Ha, tanah setinggi Hb, tanah setinggi Hc
terhadap tanah setinggi d
σ8 = (q + γ1 . Ha + γ'1 . Hb + γ'2 . Hc) . Ka3
σ8 = 27.60 . 0.44
σ8 = 12.02 t/m²
- Pa2 = σ2 . Ha
Pa2 = 2.12 . 3.44
Pa2 = 7.29 t/m
- Pa3= 0,5 . σ3 . Ha
Pa3 = 3.97 . 3.44
Pa3 = 13.64 t/m
- Pa4= σ4 . Ha
Pa4 = 10.72 . 3.44
Pa4 = 36.86 t/m
- Pa5= 0,5 . σ5 . Hb
Pa5 = 0.96 . 2.00
Pa5 = 1.91 t/m
- Pa6= σ6 . Hc
Pa6 = 9.62 . 3.43
Pa6 = 32.96 t/m
- Pa7 = 0,5 . σ7 . Hc
Pa7 = 1.33 . 3.43
Pa7 = 4.54 t/m
- Pa8 = σ8 .d
Pa8 = 12.02 . 1.77
Pa8 = 21.31 t/m
- Pa9 = 0,5 . σ9 .d
Pa9 = 0.67 . 1.77
Pa9 = 1.19 t/m
- Za2 = 1/2 . Ha + Hb + Hc + d
Za2 = 8.92 m
- Za3 = 1/3 . Ha + Hb + Hc + d
Za3 = 8.35 m
- Za4 = 1/2 . Hb + Hc + d
Za4 = 6.20 m
- Za5 = 1/3 . Hb + Hc + d
Za5 = 5.87 m
- Za6 = 1/2 . Hc + d
Za6 = 3.49 m
- Za7 = 1/3 . Hc + d
Za7 = 2.92 m
- Za8 = 1/2 . d
Za8 = 0.89 m
- Za9 = 1/3 . d
Za9 = 0.59 m
- F2 = Ha . (i+j+e)
F2 = 3.44 . 4.01
F2 = 13.79 m²
- F3 = 1/2 . Ha.g
F3 = 1.72 . 0.30
F3 = 0.52 m²
F4 = Hb .
- (j+e)
F4 = 2.00 . 3.83
F4 = 7.67 m²
F5 = 1/2 .
- Hb.i
F5 = 1.00 . 0.17
F5 = 0.17 m²
- F6 = Hc.e
F6 = 3.43 . 3.66
F6 = 12.53 m²
- F7 = 1/2 . Hc.j
F7 = 1.71 . 0.17
F7 = 0.30 m²
- F8 = (H - d) .a
F8 = 8.87 . 0.89
F8 = 7.86 m²
- F9 = 1/2 . (H-d) .x
F9 = 4.43 . 0.78
F9 = 3.44 m²
- F10 = F9
F10 = 3.44 m²
- F11 = B.d
F11 = 7.09 . 1.77
F11 = 12.58 m²
- G2 = F2.γ1
G2 = 13.79 . 3.95
G2 = 54.45 t/m
- G3 = F3.γ1
G3 = 0.52 . 3.95
G3 = 2.04 t/m
- G4 = F4.γ'1
G4 = 7.67 . 1.64
G4 = 12.57 t/m
- G5 = F5.γ'1
G5 = 0.17 . 1.64
G5 = 0.29 t/m
- G6 = F6.γ'2
G6 = 12.53 . 1.74
G6 = 21.81 t/m
- G7 = F7.γ'2
G7 = 0.30 . 1.74
G7 = 0.52 t/m
- G8 = F8.γb
G8 = 7.86 . 2.59
G8 = 20.36 t/m
- G9 = F9.γb
G9 = 3.44 . 2.59
G9 = 8.91 t/m
- G10 = F10.γb
G10 = 3.44 . 2.59
G10 = 8.91 t/m
- G11 = F11.γb
G11 = 12.58 . 2.59
G11 = 32.58 t/m
- x2 = 1/2 . (i+j+e) + g + a + x + k
x2 = 2.00 + 3.74
x2 = 5.74 m
- x3 = 2/3 .g + a + x + k
x3 = 0.20 + 3.44
x3 = 3.64 m
- x4 = 1/2 . (j+e) +i+g+a+x+k
x4 = 1.92 + 3.91
x4 = 5.83 m
- x5 = 2/3 .i + g + a + x + k
x5 = 0.12 + 3.74
x5 = 3.85 m
- x6 = 1/2.e + 2x + a + k
x6 = 1.83 + 4.21
x6 = 6.04 m
- x7 = 2/3.j + i + g + a + x + k
x7 = 0.12 + 3.91
x7 = 4.03 m
- x8 = 1/2.a + x + k
x8 = 0.44 + 2.55
x8 = 2.99 m
- x9 = 1/3.x + a + x + k
x9 = 0.26 + 3.44
x9 = 3.69 m
- x10 = 2/3.x + k
x10 = 0.52 + 1.77
x10 = 2.29 m
- x11 = 1/2.B
x11 = 3.55 m
- Mpp = Pp . Zp
Mpp = 231.96 . 1.98
Mpp = 459.28 tm'
- Mg2 = G2 . X2
Mg2 = 54.45 . 5.74
Mg2 = 312.60 tm'
- Mg3 = G3 . X3
Mg3 = 2.04 . 3.64
Mg3 = 7.44 tm'
- Mg4 = G4 . X4
Mg4 = 12.57 . 5.83
Mg4 = 73.26 tm'
- Mg5 = G5 . X5
Mg5 = 0.29 . 3.85
Mg5 = 1.11 tm'
- Mg6 = G6 . X6
Mg6 = 21.81 . 6.04
Mg6 = 131.73 tm'
- Mg7 = G7 . X7
Mg7 = 0.52 . 4.03
Mg7 = 2.10 tm'
- Mg8 = G8 . X8
Mg8 = 20.36 . 2.99
Mg8 = 60.93 tm'
- Mg9 = G9 . X9
Mg2 = 8.91 . 3.69
Mg2 = 32.91 tm'
899.71
> 1.5
113.01
297.17
> 1.5
120.26
B Σ Mg−Σ Mp
e= 2 - ΣG
e= 3.55 - 4.21
e= -0.66
11.6772
σ=
ΣG
B
1±
B(
6.e
) σmax = 8 t/m²
41.0670
σmin = 2 t/m²
σijin tanah =
qult qult = cNcscdcic + qNqsqdqiq + 0,5γBNγsγdγiγ
Sf (diambil Sf = 3)
Nq = e
π tanɸ
(
tan ² 45+
ɸ
2 ) (untuk ɸ = ɸ'2)
Nq = 73.29
Nγ = (Ng - 1) . Tan (1,4 .ɸ)
Nγ = 53.30
D
dq = 1 + 2 tan ɸ (1 - sin ɸ)² B
dq = 1.08
dγ = 1.0
( 0,5 . H
iq = 1− Q+ Af . Ca .Co+ ɸ ⁵ )
iq = 0.881
( 0,7 . H
iγ = 1− Q+ Af . Ca .Co+ ɸ ⁵ )
iγ = 0.837
607.06
σijin tanah =
3.00
σijin tanah= 202.35 t/m²
7. Menghitung Momen, gaya geser, gaya normal dan teganagn pada potongan
- Potongan 1 - 1
a. Momen Lentur
M1-1 = G1 ((2/3).(e+x)+a+x) + G2 ((1/2).(e+x-g)+g+a+x) + G3 ((2/3).g+a+x)
+ G4 ((1/2).(e+j)+i+g+a+x) + G5 ((2/3).i+g+a+x) + G6 ((1/2).e+2x+a)
+ G7 ((2/3).j+i+g+a+x) + G8 ((1/2).a+x) + G9((1/3).x+a+x) + G10
((2/3).x) + G11 ((1/2).B-k) + G12 ((1/2).(e+x)+a+x)
b. Gaya geser
D = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa5 + Pa6 + Pa7 + Pa8 + Pa9 - Pp
D= -111.70 ton
c. Gaya normal
N = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 +G7 + G8 + G9 + G10 + G11 + G12
N= 187.07 ton
d. Tegangan lentur
Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi:
b= 1.00 m
h= 1.77 m
1
Ix = 12 b . h3
Ix = 0.46 m⁴
M.y
σ=
Ix
506.62
σ=
0.46
σ= 1090.16 t/m²
e. Tegangan geser
τ= D.S
b . Ix
-99.04
τ=
0.46
τ= -213.12 t/m²
f. Tegangan normal
N
σN =
A
187.07
σN =
1.77
σN = 105.49 t/m²
- Potongan 2 - 2
a. Momen Lentur
M2-2 = Pa1 ((1/3).H0+H1+Hc) + Pa2 ((1/2).Ha+Hb+Hc) + Pa3
((1/3).Ha+Hb+Hc) + Pa4 ((1/2).Hb+Hc) + Pa5 ((1/3).Hb+Hc) + Pa6
((1/2).Hc) + Pa7 ((1/3).Hc) - Pa8 ((1/2.d) - Pa9 ((2/3).d) - Pp((H2-d)-
(2/3.H2)
M2-2 = 4.86 + 52.13 + 89.68 +
163.18 + 7.84 + 56.47 +
5.19 - 18.89 - 1.41 -
47.94
M2-2 = 311.10 tm'
b. Gaya geser
D = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 + G7 + G8 +G9 + G10 +
G12
D= 154.49 ton
c. Gaya normal
N = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa5 + Pa6 + Pa7
N= 97.76 ton
d. Tegangan lentur
Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi:
b= 1.00 m
h= 2.44 m
1
Ix = 12 b . h3
Ix = 1.21 m⁴
M.y
σ=
Ix
275.84
σ=
1.21
σ= 228.39 t/m²
e. Tegangan geser
τ= D.S
b . Ix
136.98
τ=
1.21
τ= 113.41 t/m²
f. Tegangan normal
N
σN =
A
97.76
σN =
1.77
σN = 55.13 t/m²
- Potongan 3 - 3
a. Momen Lentur
M3-3 = G1 ((2/3).(e+x)-x) + G2 ((1/2.(e+x-g)-i-j) - G3 ((1/3).g+i+j) + G4
((1/2).(e+j)-j) - G5 ((1/3).i+j) + G6 ((1/2).e) - G7 ((1/3).j) - G8
((1/2).a+x) - G9 ((2/3).x) - G10 ((1/3).x+a+x) - G11 ((1/2).B-e) + G12
((1/2).(e+x)-x)
b. Gaya geser
D = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa5 + Pa6 + Pa7 + Pa8 + Pa9 - Pp
D= -111.70 ton
c. Gaya normal
N = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 +G7 + G8 + G9 + G10 + G11 + G12
N= 187.07 ton
d. Tegangan lentur
Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi:
b= 1.00 m
h= 1.77 m
1
Ix = 12 b . h3
Ix = 0.46 m⁴
M.y
σ=
Ix
133.61
σ=
0.46
σ= 287.50 t/m²
e. Tegangan geser
τ= D.S
b . Ix
-99.04
τ=
0.46
τ= -213.12 t/m²
f. Tegangan normal
N
σN =
A
187.07
σN =
1.77
σN = 105.49 t/m²