In this paper, we propose a palmprint recognition method based on eigenspace technology. By means... more In this paper, we propose a palmprint recognition method based on eigenspace technology. By means of the Karhunen-Loeve transform, the original palmprint images are transformed into a small set of feature space, called ''eigenpalms'', which are the eigenvectors of the training set and can represent the principle components of the palmprints quite well. Then, the eigenpalm features are extracted by projecting a new palmprint image into the subspace spanned by the ''eigenpalms'', and applied to palmprint recognition with a Euclidean distance classifier. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of our method in terms of the recognition rate.
This paper proposes a novel algorithm for the automatic classiÿcation of low-resolution palmprint... more This paper proposes a novel algorithm for the automatic classiÿcation of low-resolution palmprints. First the principal lines of the palm are deÿned using their position and thickness. Then a set of directional line detectors is devised. After that we use these directional line detectors to extract the principal lines in terms of their characteristics and their deÿnitions in two steps: the potential beginnings ("line initials") of the principal lines are extracted and then, based on these line initials, a recursive process is applied to extract the principal lines in their entirety. Finally palmprints are classiÿed into six categories according to the number of the principal lines and the number of their intersections. The proportions of these six categories (1-6) in our database containing 13,800 samples are 0.36%, 1.23%, 2.83%, 11.81%, 78.12% and 5.65%, respectively. The proposed algorithm has been shown to classify palmprints with an accuracy of 96.03%.
In this paper, a novel method for palmprint recognition, called Fisherpalms, is proposed. In this... more In this paper, a novel method for palmprint recognition, called Fisherpalms, is proposed. In this method, each pixel of a palmprint image is considered as a coordinate in a high-dimensional image space. A linear projection based on FisherÕs linear discriminant is used to project palmprints from this high-dimensional original palmprint space to a significantly lower dimensional feature space (Fisherpalm space), in which the palmprints from the different palms can be discriminated much more efficiently. The relationship between the recognition accuracy and the resolution of the palmprint image is also investigated. The experimental results show that, in the proposed method, the palmprint images with resolution 32 Â 32 are optimal for medium security biometric systems while those with resolution 64 Â 64 are optimal for high security biometric systems. High accuracies (>99%) have been obtained by the proposed method and the speed of this method (responding time 6 0.4 s) is rapid enough for real-time palmprint recognition.
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2004
In the field of image processing and recognition, discrete cosine transform (DCT) and linear disc... more In the field of image processing and recognition, discrete cosine transform (DCT) and linear discrimination are two widely used techniques. Based on them, we present a new face and palmprint recognition approach in this paper. It first uses a twodimensional separability judgment to select the DCT frequency bands with favorable linear separability. Then from the selected bands, it extracts the linear discriminative features by an improved Fisherface method and performs the classification by the nearest neighbor classifier. We detailedly analyze theoretical advantages of our approach in feature extraction. The experiments on face databases and palmprint database demonstrate that compared to the state-of-the-art linear discrimination methods, our approach obtains better classification performance. It can significantly improve the recognition rates for face and palmprint data and effectively reduce the dimension of feature space.
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2003
Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically r... more Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically recognizing, with a high confidence, a person's identity. This paper presents a new biometric approach to on-line personal identification using palmprint technology. In contrast to the existing methods, our on-line palmprint identification system employs low-resolution palmprint images to achieve effective personal identification. The system consists of two parts: a novel device for on-line palmprint image acquisition, and an efficient algorithm for fast palmprint recognition. A robust image coordinate system is defined to facilitate image alignment for feature extraction. In addition, a 2-D Gabor phase encoding scheme is proposed for palmprint feature extraction and representation. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically r... more Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically recognizing, with a high confidence, a person's identity. This paper presents a new biometric approach to on-line personal identification using palmprint technology. In contrast to the existing methods, our on-line palmprint identification system employs low-resolution palmprint images to achieve effective personal identification. The system consists of two parts: a novel device for on-line palmprint image acquisition, and an efficient algorithm for fast palmprint recognition. A robust image coordinate system is defined to facilitate image alignment for feature extraction. In addition, a 2-D Gabor phase encoding scheme is proposed for palmprint feature extraction and representation. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.
International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, 2002
Palmprint identification refers to searching in a database for the palmprint template, which is f... more Palmprint identification refers to searching in a database for the palmprint template, which is from the same palm as a given palmprint input. The identification process involves preprocessing, feature extraction, feature matching and decision-making. As a key step in ...
Biometric computing o ers an e ective approach to identify personal identity by using individual'... more Biometric computing o ers an e ective approach to identify personal identity by using individual's unique, reliable and stable physical or behavioral characteristics. This paper describes a new method to authenticate individuals based on palmprint identiÿcation and veriÿcation. Firstly, a comparative study of palmprint feature extraction is presented. The concepts of texture feature and interesting points are introduced to deÿne palmprint features. A texture-based dynamic selection scheme is proposed to facilitate the fast search for the best matching of the sample in the database in a hierarchical fashion. The global texture energy, which is characterized with high convergence of inner-palm similarities and good dispersion of inter-palm discrimination, is used to guide the dynamic selection of a small set of similar candidates from the database at coarse level for further processing. An interesting point based image matching is performed on the selected similar patterns at ÿne level for the ÿnal conÿrmation. The experimental results demonstrate the e ectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method. ?
Biometric identification is an emerging technology that can solve security problems in our networ... more Biometric identification is an emerging technology that can solve security problems in our networked society. A few years ago, a new branch of biometric technology, palmprint authentication, was proposed (Pattern Recognition 32(4) (1999) 691) whereby lines and points are extracted from palms for personal identification. In this paper, we consider the palmprint as a piece of texture and apply texture-based
In this paper, we propose a feature-level fusion approach for improving the efficiency of palmpri... more In this paper, we propose a feature-level fusion approach for improving the efficiency of palmprint identification. Multiple elliptical Gabor filters with different orientations are employed to extract the phase information on a palmprint image, which is then merged according to a fusion rule to produce a single feature called the Fusion Code. The similarity of two Fusion Codes is measured by their normalized hamming distance. A dynamic threshold is used for the final decisions. A database containing 9599 palmprint images from 488 different palms is used to validate the performance of the proposed method. Comparing our previous non-fusion approach and the proposed method, improvement in verification and identification are ensured.
Automic palmprint verification is an important complement of biometric authentication. As the fir... more Automic palmprint verification is an important complement of biometric authentication. As the first attempt of personal identification by palmprint, this paper explores different methods for three main processing stages in palmprint verification including datum point registration, line ...
There is increasing interest in the development of reliable, rapid and non-intrusive security con... more There is increasing interest in the development of reliable, rapid and non-intrusive security control systems. Among the many approaches, biometrics such as palmprints provide highly effective automatic mechanisms for use in personal identification. This paper presents a new ...
This paper proposes a new bimodal biometric system using feature-level fusion of hand shape and p... more This paper proposes a new bimodal biometric system using feature-level fusion of hand shape and palm texture. The proposed combination is of significance since both the palmprint and hand-shape images are proposed to be extracted from the single hand image acquired from a digital camera. Several new hand-shape features that can be used to represent the hand shape and improve the performance are investigated. The new approach for palmprint recognition using discrete cosine transform coefficients, which can be directly obtained from the camera hardware, is demonstrated. None of the prior work on hand-shape or palmprint recognition has given any attention on the critical issue of feature selection. Our experimental results demonstrate that while majority of palmprint or hand-shape features are useful in predicting the subjects identity, only a small subset of these features are necessary in practice for building an accurate model for identification. The comparison and combination of proposed features is evaluated on the diverse classification schemes; naive Bayes (normal, estimated, multinomial), decision trees ( 4 5, LMT), -NN, SVM, and FFN. Although more work remains to be done, our results to date indicate that the combination of selected hand-shape and palmprint features constitutes a promising addition to the biometrics-based personal recognition systems.
Although several palmprint representations have been proposed for personal authentication, there ... more Although several palmprint representations have been proposed for personal authentication, there is little agreement on which palmprint representation can provide best representation for reliable authentication. In this paper, we characterize user's identity through the simultaneous use of three major palmprint representations and achieve better performance than either one individually. This paper also investigates comparative performance between Gabor, line and appearance based palmprint representations and using their score and decision level fusion. The combination of various representations may not always lead to higher performance as the features from the same image may be correlated. Therefore we also propose product of sum rule which achieves better performance than any other fixed combination rules. Our experimental results on the database of 100 users achieve 34.56% improvement in performance (equal error rate) as compared to the case when features from single palmprint representation are employed. The proposed usage of multiple palmprint representations, especially on the peg-free and non-contact imaging setup, achieves promising results and demonstrates its usefulness.
In this paper, we propose a palmprint recognition method based on eigenspace technology. By means... more In this paper, we propose a palmprint recognition method based on eigenspace technology. By means of the Karhunen-Loeve transform, the original palmprint images are transformed into a small set of feature space, called ''eigenpalms'', which are the eigenvectors of the training set and can represent the principle components of the palmprints quite well. Then, the eigenpalm features are extracted by projecting a new palmprint image into the subspace spanned by the ''eigenpalms'', and applied to palmprint recognition with a Euclidean distance classifier. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of our method in terms of the recognition rate.
This paper proposes a novel algorithm for the automatic classiÿcation of low-resolution palmprint... more This paper proposes a novel algorithm for the automatic classiÿcation of low-resolution palmprints. First the principal lines of the palm are deÿned using their position and thickness. Then a set of directional line detectors is devised. After that we use these directional line detectors to extract the principal lines in terms of their characteristics and their deÿnitions in two steps: the potential beginnings ("line initials") of the principal lines are extracted and then, based on these line initials, a recursive process is applied to extract the principal lines in their entirety. Finally palmprints are classiÿed into six categories according to the number of the principal lines and the number of their intersections. The proportions of these six categories (1-6) in our database containing 13,800 samples are 0.36%, 1.23%, 2.83%, 11.81%, 78.12% and 5.65%, respectively. The proposed algorithm has been shown to classify palmprints with an accuracy of 96.03%.
In this paper, a novel method for palmprint recognition, called Fisherpalms, is proposed. In this... more In this paper, a novel method for palmprint recognition, called Fisherpalms, is proposed. In this method, each pixel of a palmprint image is considered as a coordinate in a high-dimensional image space. A linear projection based on FisherÕs linear discriminant is used to project palmprints from this high-dimensional original palmprint space to a significantly lower dimensional feature space (Fisherpalm space), in which the palmprints from the different palms can be discriminated much more efficiently. The relationship between the recognition accuracy and the resolution of the palmprint image is also investigated. The experimental results show that, in the proposed method, the palmprint images with resolution 32 Â 32 are optimal for medium security biometric systems while those with resolution 64 Â 64 are optimal for high security biometric systems. High accuracies (>99%) have been obtained by the proposed method and the speed of this method (responding time 6 0.4 s) is rapid enough for real-time palmprint recognition.
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2004
In the field of image processing and recognition, discrete cosine transform (DCT) and linear disc... more In the field of image processing and recognition, discrete cosine transform (DCT) and linear discrimination are two widely used techniques. Based on them, we present a new face and palmprint recognition approach in this paper. It first uses a twodimensional separability judgment to select the DCT frequency bands with favorable linear separability. Then from the selected bands, it extracts the linear discriminative features by an improved Fisherface method and performs the classification by the nearest neighbor classifier. We detailedly analyze theoretical advantages of our approach in feature extraction. The experiments on face databases and palmprint database demonstrate that compared to the state-of-the-art linear discrimination methods, our approach obtains better classification performance. It can significantly improve the recognition rates for face and palmprint data and effectively reduce the dimension of feature space.
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2003
Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically r... more Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically recognizing, with a high confidence, a person's identity. This paper presents a new biometric approach to on-line personal identification using palmprint technology. In contrast to the existing methods, our on-line palmprint identification system employs low-resolution palmprint images to achieve effective personal identification. The system consists of two parts: a novel device for on-line palmprint image acquisition, and an efficient algorithm for fast palmprint recognition. A robust image coordinate system is defined to facilitate image alignment for feature extraction. In addition, a 2-D Gabor phase encoding scheme is proposed for palmprint feature extraction and representation. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically r... more Biometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically recognizing, with a high confidence, a person's identity. This paper presents a new biometric approach to on-line personal identification using palmprint technology. In contrast to the existing methods, our on-line palmprint identification system employs low-resolution palmprint images to achieve effective personal identification. The system consists of two parts: a novel device for on-line palmprint image acquisition, and an efficient algorithm for fast palmprint recognition. A robust image coordinate system is defined to facilitate image alignment for feature extraction. In addition, a 2-D Gabor phase encoding scheme is proposed for palmprint feature extraction and representation. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.
International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, 2002
Palmprint identification refers to searching in a database for the palmprint template, which is f... more Palmprint identification refers to searching in a database for the palmprint template, which is from the same palm as a given palmprint input. The identification process involves preprocessing, feature extraction, feature matching and decision-making. As a key step in ...
Biometric computing o ers an e ective approach to identify personal identity by using individual'... more Biometric computing o ers an e ective approach to identify personal identity by using individual's unique, reliable and stable physical or behavioral characteristics. This paper describes a new method to authenticate individuals based on palmprint identiÿcation and veriÿcation. Firstly, a comparative study of palmprint feature extraction is presented. The concepts of texture feature and interesting points are introduced to deÿne palmprint features. A texture-based dynamic selection scheme is proposed to facilitate the fast search for the best matching of the sample in the database in a hierarchical fashion. The global texture energy, which is characterized with high convergence of inner-palm similarities and good dispersion of inter-palm discrimination, is used to guide the dynamic selection of a small set of similar candidates from the database at coarse level for further processing. An interesting point based image matching is performed on the selected similar patterns at ÿne level for the ÿnal conÿrmation. The experimental results demonstrate the e ectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method. ?
Biometric identification is an emerging technology that can solve security problems in our networ... more Biometric identification is an emerging technology that can solve security problems in our networked society. A few years ago, a new branch of biometric technology, palmprint authentication, was proposed (Pattern Recognition 32(4) (1999) 691) whereby lines and points are extracted from palms for personal identification. In this paper, we consider the palmprint as a piece of texture and apply texture-based
In this paper, we propose a feature-level fusion approach for improving the efficiency of palmpri... more In this paper, we propose a feature-level fusion approach for improving the efficiency of palmprint identification. Multiple elliptical Gabor filters with different orientations are employed to extract the phase information on a palmprint image, which is then merged according to a fusion rule to produce a single feature called the Fusion Code. The similarity of two Fusion Codes is measured by their normalized hamming distance. A dynamic threshold is used for the final decisions. A database containing 9599 palmprint images from 488 different palms is used to validate the performance of the proposed method. Comparing our previous non-fusion approach and the proposed method, improvement in verification and identification are ensured.
Automic palmprint verification is an important complement of biometric authentication. As the fir... more Automic palmprint verification is an important complement of biometric authentication. As the first attempt of personal identification by palmprint, this paper explores different methods for three main processing stages in palmprint verification including datum point registration, line ...
There is increasing interest in the development of reliable, rapid and non-intrusive security con... more There is increasing interest in the development of reliable, rapid and non-intrusive security control systems. Among the many approaches, biometrics such as palmprints provide highly effective automatic mechanisms for use in personal identification. This paper presents a new ...
This paper proposes a new bimodal biometric system using feature-level fusion of hand shape and p... more This paper proposes a new bimodal biometric system using feature-level fusion of hand shape and palm texture. The proposed combination is of significance since both the palmprint and hand-shape images are proposed to be extracted from the single hand image acquired from a digital camera. Several new hand-shape features that can be used to represent the hand shape and improve the performance are investigated. The new approach for palmprint recognition using discrete cosine transform coefficients, which can be directly obtained from the camera hardware, is demonstrated. None of the prior work on hand-shape or palmprint recognition has given any attention on the critical issue of feature selection. Our experimental results demonstrate that while majority of palmprint or hand-shape features are useful in predicting the subjects identity, only a small subset of these features are necessary in practice for building an accurate model for identification. The comparison and combination of proposed features is evaluated on the diverse classification schemes; naive Bayes (normal, estimated, multinomial), decision trees ( 4 5, LMT), -NN, SVM, and FFN. Although more work remains to be done, our results to date indicate that the combination of selected hand-shape and palmprint features constitutes a promising addition to the biometrics-based personal recognition systems.
Although several palmprint representations have been proposed for personal authentication, there ... more Although several palmprint representations have been proposed for personal authentication, there is little agreement on which palmprint representation can provide best representation for reliable authentication. In this paper, we characterize user's identity through the simultaneous use of three major palmprint representations and achieve better performance than either one individually. This paper also investigates comparative performance between Gabor, line and appearance based palmprint representations and using their score and decision level fusion. The combination of various representations may not always lead to higher performance as the features from the same image may be correlated. Therefore we also propose product of sum rule which achieves better performance than any other fixed combination rules. Our experimental results on the database of 100 users achieve 34.56% improvement in performance (equal error rate) as compared to the case when features from single palmprint representation are employed. The proposed usage of multiple palmprint representations, especially on the peg-free and non-contact imaging setup, achieves promising results and demonstrates its usefulness.
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Papers by David Zhang