Papers by Muhamad Syauqillah
International Journal of Social Service and Research
The deradicalization programs conducted by BNPT and other stakeholders have been running since th... more The deradicalization programs conducted by BNPT and other stakeholders have been running since the enactment of Undang Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 as a starting point for changing the paradigm of handling terrorism in Indonesia. Terrorism convicts are then assessed, rehabilitated, re-educated, and reintegrated. The program also runs outside the prison for ex-terrorism convicts so that they can back to the community. However, some ex-convicts return to commit terrorist crimes, so preventive measures are needed, especially in term of strategic intelligence measures to prevent this. This paper uses a qualitative approach with case study research. Data collected through interviews as primary data and supported by secondary data derived from official government documents and other journal articles. The case study on the application of the intelligence strategy is explained in the handling of ex-convict P in Solo Raya, in which the intelligence strategy implemented is able to monitor the mo...
Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Strategic and Global Studies, ICSGS 2019, 6-7 November 2019, Sari Pacific, Jakarta, Indonesia
One of the challenges faced by the Indonesian government lately is the fight against terrorism an... more One of the challenges faced by the Indonesian government lately is the fight against terrorism and the misuse and illegal trade of narcotics. In supporting its objectives, this activity involves a network of transnational crimes that take root and penetrate national borders. This makes the barriers of illegal trade to be meaningless. To ensure national security and public security, the state is present and declares war on terror, equivalent to the fight against narcotics. This research tries to answer the research that has been done by Alex Schmid entitled Links Between Terrorism and Drug Trafficking: A Case of Narco-Terrorism which questioned the weak evidence about the linkage between narcotics in financing support of terrorism. This research is explanative with in-depth interview method, field observation to former terrorist prisoner Fadli Sadama as primary source and supported by secondary data source in the form of literature study as supporting material. This research contains the factors of ideology, geography, social culture and economics as the factors causing narcotterism in Indonesia The theory used in this research is, rational choice theory and routine activity theory. The results show that economic factors are the predominant factor of narcoterrorism in Indonesia and it is evident that the results of narcotics trade are used as support in terrorist activities in Indonesia.
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science
The study tries to analyze the dynamics of bilateral relations between Turkey and the United Arab... more The study tries to analyze the dynamics of bilateral relations between Turkey and the United Arab Emirates and how interdependence leads to reconciliation between the two countries. Although there had been tensions between Turkey and the UAE due to differences in ideology and interests in the region, trade relations between the two countries continued. Qualitative methods are used and are based on the theory of interdependence and the concept of reconciliation in analyzing this phenomenon. The results showed that the interdependence in bilateral relations led to the reconciliation of conflicts that occurred between the two countries. Each country is more focused on its economic priorities than on highlighting. Conclusion Bilateral relations between Turkey and the UAE are based on the interdependence between the two countries. It began with the highest official visit of Turkey and the UAE on August 8, 1948, at the invitation of President Kenan Evren. Turkey, as an adherent of an expo...
Elementary Education Online, 2020
Elementary Education Online, 2020
Elementary Education Online, 2020
Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Strategic and Global Studies, ICSGS 2019, 6-7 November 2019, Sari Pacific, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2020
Bogor became an important buffer zone of Jakarta in the terrorist acts that took place in Jakarta... more Bogor became an important buffer zone of Jakarta in the terrorist acts that took place in Jakarta. More than 20 acts of terrorism have settled in Bogor for the past decade. This research will analyze radicalism in Bogor by using qualitative method with literature study and interview. The social and collective action of Charles Tilly became the theory underlying this study. The conclusion of this research is that Bogor area is strategic area for radical network in Jakarta, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi and Bandung. There are different factors that led to Bogor being an alternative to radical networks in Indonesia.
Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Strategic and Global Studies, ICSGS 2019, 6-7 November 2019, Sari Pacific, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2020
Indonesia is facing a novel challenge in dealing with the life of former militants or ex-terroris... more Indonesia is facing a novel challenge in dealing with the life of former militants or ex-terrorists who have been released from their imprisonment of terror acts. Since the year 2000 until September 2015, 501 terror convicts released from the charges and 328 still in prison. Then, there are hundreds of Indonesian who were the ISIS sympathizers are about to come home from Syria and Iraq. This research is aiming to serve as one of the consideration for the government to recruit ex-terrorists or ex-combatant as an alternative for deradicalization program. Ali Fauzi conducted deradicalization through 'Peace Culture' and established a foundation for ex-terrorist and ex-combatant known as Yayasan Lingkar Perdamaian (YLP). He fostered around 96 ex-terrorists and ex-combatants. He helped them with the method of deradicalizing "Peace Culture" through face-to-face dialogue, providing communities for them and imparting digitalization to channel the millennials in their understanding of peaceful Islam.
This paper explain the relations of the Houthis Groups and Abd Rabbuh Mansur Al Hadi Governance i... more This paper explain the relations of the Houthis Groups and Abd Rabbuh Mansur Al Hadi Governance in the Yemeni conflict. In this analysis, it explain es why the escalation of the Houthi conflict with the Yemeni Government led by Abd Rabbuh Mansur Al Hadi has increased. This paper conduct a research limitation in the period of time between 2012-2015. In conducting this research, the writer use the theory and concept of Solidarity ('Ashobiyah) which then forms Civilization ('Umran) as well as the prerequisites that build civilization so that they are able to analyze problems the author has mentioned earlier.
This study investigates the funding pattern of the Mujahidin Indonesia Timur (MIT) or the Santoso... more This study investigates the funding pattern of the Mujahidin Indonesia Timur (MIT) or the Santoso Group, one of the terrorist groups in Indonesia which pledges allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). The purpose of this study was to explain the strategy of the Santoso Group in collecting and managing donations from sympathizers to support their terror activities in the Poso region, Central Sulawesi. This study uses a qualitative method. The primary data is obtained from in-depth interviews with two former members of the Santoso Group, the Supreme Court's decision document on one of member of the Santoso Group, and the National Agency for Counter Terrorism (BNPT) documents on terrorism funding related to ISIS-affiliated domestic terrorist networks. The secondary data comes from interviews with a member of the BNPT Terrorism Funding Control Team and a member of the Indonesian National Anti-Terrorism Special Detachment 88 (Densus 88/Detachment 88). The analysis in...
Dr. Azahari was one of the intellectual actors who detonated bombings carried out by Al-JI organi... more Dr. Azahari was one of the intellectual actors who detonated bombings carried out by Al-JI organization in Indonesia. Interestingly, the bomb made by Dr. Azahari has a special feature known as a signature bomb. Dr. Azahari taught some Al-JI members, even wrote a book about bombmaking and distributed it. This research used the Theory of Needs from McClelland to analyze the background and goals of Dr. Azahari in making the signature bomb. The purpose of this research is to anticipate Al-JI organization, its affiliates, and other individuals or groups that have the potential to become terrorists or make bombs. This research used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques, namely literature study and interviews. Also, to validated the research, the research conducted a triangulation technique. The results showed that Dr. Azahari was involved in an act of terror because it was influenced by the problems he was experiencing and his environment. Although there are bombs that are similar to those made by Dr. Azahari, the authorities easily recognize Dr. Azahari's bomb because there is a signature that represents the psychological needs of him. It is the a esthetic value of circuit design in every bomb he made. Signature bombs were made because they are motivated by the Need of Achievement that underlies selfactualization. Dr. Azahari case points out that highly educated individuals can be involved in terrorism, and their involvement is more dangerous.
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Strategic and Global Studies (ICSGS 2018), 2019
This paper emphasizes the necessity of a strategy to prevent the misuse of charitable foundations... more This paper emphasizes the necessity of a strategy to prevent the misuse of charitable foundations for terrorist financing. Our preliminary assessment focuses on cases involving the misuse of charitable funds and charitable foundations around the globe. Following an introduction to the situational crime prevention approach, we then discuss the legal framework of such foundations and highlight their weaknesses that can be utilized by terrorists, in order to prevent their misuse for terrorist financing. We use one case study to explore whether aligning a situational crime prevention approach with the prevailing laws and regulations to counter-terrorist financing can prevent the misuse of charitable foundations. Our findings identify loopholes that can be misused by terrorists, because the current strategy still depends on the effectiveness of law enforcement and financial intelligence to detect and investigate terrorist financing. We suggest the use of a situational crime prevention approach to minimize the risk of terrorists' misuse of charitable foundations, through consistent government intervention and the involvement of community liability. This paper is a study of the practicalities involved in countering terrorist financing from preventative perspectives and will be of interest to those involved in counter-terrorist policy-making, investigations, and technologies that can prevent terrorist financing.
The research on the economic empowerment program for the wives of ex convicted terrorists in Indo... more The research on the economic empowerment program for the wives of ex convicted terrorists in Indonesia is considerably scarce. Consequently, economic empowerment is necessary to be implemented as deradicalization effort for ex-terrorist prisoners’ families besides the one for the perpetrator or former perpetrators of criminal terrorism acts. Economic empowerment which is carried out by the National Counterterrorism Agency of Indonesia (BNPT) mostly tends to focus on the perpetrators (convicted terrorists) and former perpetrators (ex-convicted terrorists), whereas the families, especially the wives of ex convicted terrorists have significant roles in supporting their family's financial condition while their husbands are being imprisoned. This study aims to explore the implementation of an economic empowerment program for the wives of ex convicted terrorists and to explore the improvements needed to maximize economic empowerment programs for the wives of ex convicted terrorists. I...
This paper explains about peacemaking criminology which acts as a peaceful medium for Indonesian ... more This paper explains about peacemaking criminology which acts as a peaceful medium for Indonesian returnees. Up till now, it turns out that Indonesia does not have a standard concept and method yet on handling returnees, despite the number of Indonesians who returned from Syria, Iraq and the Philippines reached 125 from 2014 to 2019. Therefore, peacemaking criminology can be used as a method for dealing with returnees because this approach puts forward the humanist aspect. This research used a qualitative approach by conducting unstructured interviews as well as literature as secondary material. In this research, it can be seen that humanist treatment towards those who have returned from a conflict state has a positive impact as they can be the agents of peace for other returnees. Thus, placing returnees as the agent of change through peacemaking criminology approach will avoid them neither from re-radicalized nor return to the conflict states.
Wasatiyyat Islam is a recent popular thought which made of the interactions between state-actors ... more Wasatiyyat Islam is a recent popular thought which made of the interactions between state-actors and non-state actors in term of reduce the extremism, terrorism and Islamophobia without using hard power, but more to the utilization of soft power. The Bogor Message actually is an institued-charter of Wasatiyyat Islam conception that from personal-level to national-level be able to adopt and apply it in daily life as it taken from Al-Qur’an and Hadith’s teachings and covered by diplomatic process in the making to guide even the state to encourage a policy of Islamic moderation. This research paper examines the principle of Wasatiyyat Islam in Bogor Message and its advantage to reduce the Islamophobia through diplomatic principle implementation. The usage of inductive-interpretative method becomes necessary to analyse the empirical data into words as it aims to consider the added values explicitly from the analysis structure. The analysis of this thesis uses literature study as a part ...
Journal of Strategic and Global Studies, 2020
One of crucial issues of radicalism lately is the involvement of family members in acts of terror... more One of crucial issues of radicalism lately is the involvement of family members in acts of terrorism. One of those interesting case is the case of Dita Oepriyanto's family, the perpetrator of suicide bombing in one church in Surabaya, East Java. Family involvement in extremist acts and terrorism in Indonesia is not a new thing, the story of Dita Oeprianto is a historical cycle with different shifting actors. The story of the Leader of Darul Islam, RM. Kartosuwiryo who rebelled against the Indonesian republic accompanied by his wife and wife giving birth to children in the forest can be seen in the perspective of family involvement, as well as several Afghan alumni figures. The cycle also happened to the derivative organization from Darul Islam which transformed into combatants in Afghanistan, then moved to Jamaah Islamiyah. Changes occur during the ISIS conflict, family factors are not the main cause of joining a person with a terror organization, there are media factors that make individuals join. This study analyzes the involvement of families in the extremism movement and acts of terror by using the qualitative method, with sources of literature and interviews with Afghan alumni, former prisoners and prisoners of terrorism cases. The theory used to analyze facts and data is identity fusion and psychosocial development. The results of the study concluded that all elements of the family (children, wife, husband, grandfather, grandmother, and relatives) were very susceptible to the potential of being exposed to radicalism.
The phenomenon of children who are exposed to terrorism is increasing. The series of Surabaya sui... more The phenomenon of children who are exposed to terrorism is increasing. The series of Surabaya suicide bombings in May 2018 has left issues on how a state must be present to tackle the involvement of children in acts of terrorism. Despite the number of children falling victims of terrorism suitable instruments to protect children are not yet available. The objective of this study is to show how the de-radicalization program towards children is conducted, starting from the process of identification, rehabilitation, reeducation and re-integration conducted in a safe environment. The de-radicalization process conducted under the Social Rehabilitation Centre for Children in Need of Special Protection (BRSAMPK), Indonesian Ministry of Social Affairs, that handle children exposed to acts of terrorism. The deradicalization activity towards children involved in acts of terrorism are physical, psychological, and social treatment or rehabilitation, also health care. Second, psychosocial during...
ICSGS UI, 2019
Dr. Azahari was a member of the Al-Jama'ah Al-Islamiyah (Al-JI) and was one of the intellectu... more Dr. Azahari was a member of the Al-Jama'ah Al-Islamiyah (Al-JI) and was one of the intellectual actors of the bombings conducted by Al-JI in Indonesia. His role in the organization was as a bombmaker. Dr. Azahari's bombs had unique characteristics, which is known as a signature bomb. This allowed bomb experts to easily identify his work. Dr. Azahari once taught several Al-JI members, and even made a book on bombmaking and distributed it. This research will use Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory and its goal is to anticipate the use of signature bombs by the Al-JI organization and its affiliates or other individuals/groups, as well as to establish efforts in handling terrorism actors similar to Dr. Azahari. This research used a qualitative method through literature study and interviews. Also, to validated the research, the research conducted a triangulation technique. The result showed that the acts of terror by Al-JI organization, that involved Dr. Azahari, can be identi...
3rd ICSGS UI, 2019
This paper explains about peacemaking criminology which acts as a peaceful medium for Indonesian ... more This paper explains about peacemaking criminology which acts as a peaceful medium for Indonesian returnees. Up till now, it turns out that Indonesia does not have a standard concept and method yet on handling returnees, despite the number of Indonesians who returned from Syria, Iraq and the Philippines reached 125 from 2014 to 2019. Therefore, peacemaking criminology can be used as a method for dealing with returnees because this approach puts forward the humanist aspect. This research used a qualitative approach by conducting unstructured interviews as well as literature as secondary material. In this research, it can be seen that humanist treatment towards those who have returned from a conflict state has a positive impact as they can be the agents of peace for other returnees. Thus, placing returnees as the agent of change through peacemaking criminology approach will avoid them neither from re-radicalized nor return to the conflict states.
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Papers by Muhamad Syauqillah