Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmo... more Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmospheric pollutant and mitigate climate risks. Furthermore, its implementation is hampered by inevitable obstacles such as feed stocks and the crop area required for their cultivation, leading to a lack of agricultural land for the expansion of food yields. Despite this, microalgae have been discovered to be the most competent and unwavering source of biodiesel due to their distinguishing characteristics of being non-eatable and requiring no cropland for cultivation. The objectives of this paper was to look into the potential of a novel, formerly underappreciated biodiesel from microalgae species which could be used as a fuel substitute. Transesteri cation is being used to extract the biodiesel. Microalgae are blended with petroleum diesel in percentage to create Microalgae Blends (MAB) as needed for experimentation. The impact of biodiesel on performance as well as exhaust emission attributes of a 1-cylinder diesel engine was experimentally studied. Compared to petroleum diesel, different blend of Microalgae biodiesel showed a decline in torque and hence brake power, resulting in an average fall of 7.14 percent in brake thermal e ciency and 11.54 percent increase in brake speci c fuel consumption. There were wide differences in exhaust emission characteristics, including carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, as the blend ratio in diesel increased. Moreover, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxides increase in all algae biodiesel blends, but they're still within the acceptable range of petroleum diesel.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 5, 2018
The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with reversed... more The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with reversed absorber type solar air heater (SD2). Excel software is used to analyse the raw data obtained from the drying experiment to develop a model. An attempt is made in this paper to correlate the collector efficiency, dryer efficiency and pickup efficiency. All these efficiencies are dependent on the parameters such as solar flux, ambient temperature, collector outlet temperature and moisture content. The simulation equation was developed to predict the values of collector efficiency. The parameters a, n and drying constant k were determined from a plot of curve using a drying models. Experimental data of drying red chili in conventional solar dryer and solar dryer coupled with reversed absorber solar air heater was compared by fitting with three drying models. The moisture content will be rapidly reduced in solar dryer with reversed absorber due to higher drying temperatures. The best fit model was selected to describe the drying behavior of red chili. For SD2 the values of the coefficient of determination (R 2 =0.997), mean bias error (MBE=0.00026) and root mean square error (RMSE=0.016) were used to determine the goodness or the quality of the fit. Pages model showed a better fit to drying red chili among Newton model and Henderson & Pabis model.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Nov 30, 2021
Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmo... more Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmospheric pollutant and mitigate climate risks. Furthermore, its implementation is hampered by inevitable obstacles such as feed stocks and the crop area required for their cultivation, leading to a lack of agricultural land for the expansion of food yields. Despite this, microalgae have been discovered to be the most competent and unwavering source of biodiesel due to their distinguishing characteristics of being non-eatable and requiring no cropland for cultivation. The objectives of this paper was to look into the potential of a novel, formerly underappreciated biodiesel from microalgae species which could be used as a fuel substitute. Transesteri cation is being used to extract the biodiesel. Microalgae are blended with petroleum diesel in percentage to create Microalgae Blends (MAB) as needed for experimentation. The impact of biodiesel on performance as well as exhaust emission attributes of a 1-cylinder diesel engine was experimentally studied. Compared to petroleum diesel, different blend of Microalgae biodiesel showed a decline in torque and hence brake power, resulting in an average fall of 7.14 percent in brake thermal e ciency and 11.54 percent increase in brake speci c fuel consumption. There were wide differences in exhaust emission characteristics, including carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, as the blend ratio in diesel increased. Moreover, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxides increase in all algae biodiesel blends, but they're still within the acceptable range of petroleum diesel.
Solar energy is one of the cleaner forms of renewable energy resources. The conventional solar co... more Solar energy is one of the cleaner forms of renewable energy resources. The conventional solar collector is a well established technology which has various applications such as water heating, space heating and cooling. However, the thermal efficiency of these collectors is limited by the absorption properties of the working fluid, which is very poor for typical conventional solar flat plate collector. Recently usage of nanofluids, which is basically liquid nano particle colloidal dispersion as a working fluid has been found to enhance solar flat plate collector thermal efficiency maximum by 30 percent. Due to improved properties, better heat transfer performance is obtained in many energy and heat transfer devices as compared to traditional fluids which open the door for a new field of scientific research and innovative applications.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2020
In many small scale industries General Purpose radial drill machine is used for drilling. On whic... more In many small scale industries General Purpose radial drill machine is used for drilling. On which many jobs are performed by just changing the tool. A special table is required to place the tool. Tables consume a large floor space. To overcome this problem there is a need to design a multi tool holding attachment for radial drill machine. The main purpose of this paper is to design a multi tool holding attachment for radial drill machine. The best solution for this is use of multi tool holding attachment. Here the multiple tools holding attachment can be fixed on the column of the radial drill machine. At a time four tools can be placed on the tool holder. The attachment can revolve about the axis of the column of the radial drill machine. Installing this attachment will reduce the required of floor space. The analysis of the multi tool holding attachment was done on Ansys software. It will also reduce the fatigue to worker which is caused due to regular bending, for changing the t...
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development, 2020
The purpose of the paper is to gain knowledge and compare the various kinds of Solar Crop Dryer (... more The purpose of the paper is to gain knowledge and compare the various kinds of Solar Crop Dryer (SCD) used to dry agricultural crops. There are many types of SCD and conventional methods that are being researched. Analyzing and comparing various kinds of SCD shows that sun utilization is a promising technology. The availability of space in urban areas, irregular sunshine, high initial cost and facilities problem are the major obstacles to their acceptance by Indian farmer. Research and development should overcome all of these limitations. In order to improve the approval of farmers, it is essential to design a large scale and inexpensive SCD. Research & development in solar drying technology has made significant progress. An overview of the development of solar drying technology is suitable for agricultural growth.
The aim of paper is to study the advancement of solar dryers used for drying agricultural food pr... more The aim of paper is to study the advancement of solar dryers used for drying agricultural food product. Several types of solar dryers, operation and traditional methods are studied. Technical and economical results show that solar drying of agriculture food product drying is possible. Solar drying is an emerging technology. Space availability difficulty in urban areas, sunshine irregularity, higher initial costs and convenience issues are the main hurdles in its propagation and unwillingness to acceptance. For reducing all these factors, further research and development work should be continued. To improve the acceptability of farmer it is necessary to develop a large scale and low cost attractive solar dryer, Research and development work on solar drying technology has been made significant progress. A review on advancement of solar drying technology is appropriate for future development. KeywordsSolar dryer, Agriculture food product, Natural convection, Force convection, Thermal s...
International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 2018
Abstract—The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with... more Abstract—The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with reversed absorber type solar air heater (SD2). Excel software is used to analyse the raw data obtained from the drying experiment to develop a model. An attempt is made in this paper to correlate the collector efficiency, dryer efficiency and pick-up efficiency. All these efficiencies are dependent on the parameters such as solar flux, ambient temperature, collector outlet temperature and moisture content. The simulation equation was developed to predict the values of collector efficiency. The parameters a, n and drying constant k were determined from a plot of curve using a drying models. Experimental data of drying red chili in conventional solar dryer and solar dryer coupled with reversed absorber solar air heater was compared by fitting with three drying models. The moisture content will be rapidly reduced in solar dryer with reversed absorber due to higher drying temperatures. The ...
Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmo... more Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmospheric pollutant and mitigate climate risks. Furthermore, its implementation is hampered by inevitable obstacles such as feed stocks and the crop area required for their cultivation, leading to a lack of agricultural land for the expansion of food yields. Despite this, microalgae have been discovered to be the most competent and unwavering source of biodiesel due to their distinguishing characteristics of being non-eatable and requiring no cropland for cultivation. The objectives of this paper was to look into the potential of a novel, formerly underappreciated biodiesel from microalgae species which could be used as a fuel substitute. Transesteri cation is being used to extract the biodiesel. Microalgae are blended with petroleum diesel in percentage to create Microalgae Blends (MAB) as needed for experimentation. The impact of biodiesel on performance as well as exhaust emission attributes of a 1-cylinder diesel engine was experimentally studied. Compared to petroleum diesel, different blend of Microalgae biodiesel showed a decline in torque and hence brake power, resulting in an average fall of 7.14 percent in brake thermal e ciency and 11.54 percent increase in brake speci c fuel consumption. There were wide differences in exhaust emission characteristics, including carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, as the blend ratio in diesel increased. Moreover, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxides increase in all algae biodiesel blends, but they're still within the acceptable range of petroleum diesel.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 5, 2018
The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with reversed... more The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with reversed absorber type solar air heater (SD2). Excel software is used to analyse the raw data obtained from the drying experiment to develop a model. An attempt is made in this paper to correlate the collector efficiency, dryer efficiency and pickup efficiency. All these efficiencies are dependent on the parameters such as solar flux, ambient temperature, collector outlet temperature and moisture content. The simulation equation was developed to predict the values of collector efficiency. The parameters a, n and drying constant k were determined from a plot of curve using a drying models. Experimental data of drying red chili in conventional solar dryer and solar dryer coupled with reversed absorber solar air heater was compared by fitting with three drying models. The moisture content will be rapidly reduced in solar dryer with reversed absorber due to higher drying temperatures. The best fit model was selected to describe the drying behavior of red chili. For SD2 the values of the coefficient of determination (R 2 =0.997), mean bias error (MBE=0.00026) and root mean square error (RMSE=0.016) were used to determine the goodness or the quality of the fit. Pages model showed a better fit to drying red chili among Newton model and Henderson & Pabis model.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Nov 30, 2021
Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmo... more Biofuels extracted from plant biomass can be used as fuel in CI engines to lower a hazardous atmospheric pollutant and mitigate climate risks. Furthermore, its implementation is hampered by inevitable obstacles such as feed stocks and the crop area required for their cultivation, leading to a lack of agricultural land for the expansion of food yields. Despite this, microalgae have been discovered to be the most competent and unwavering source of biodiesel due to their distinguishing characteristics of being non-eatable and requiring no cropland for cultivation. The objectives of this paper was to look into the potential of a novel, formerly underappreciated biodiesel from microalgae species which could be used as a fuel substitute. Transesteri cation is being used to extract the biodiesel. Microalgae are blended with petroleum diesel in percentage to create Microalgae Blends (MAB) as needed for experimentation. The impact of biodiesel on performance as well as exhaust emission attributes of a 1-cylinder diesel engine was experimentally studied. Compared to petroleum diesel, different blend of Microalgae biodiesel showed a decline in torque and hence brake power, resulting in an average fall of 7.14 percent in brake thermal e ciency and 11.54 percent increase in brake speci c fuel consumption. There were wide differences in exhaust emission characteristics, including carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, as the blend ratio in diesel increased. Moreover, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxides increase in all algae biodiesel blends, but they're still within the acceptable range of petroleum diesel.
Solar energy is one of the cleaner forms of renewable energy resources. The conventional solar co... more Solar energy is one of the cleaner forms of renewable energy resources. The conventional solar collector is a well established technology which has various applications such as water heating, space heating and cooling. However, the thermal efficiency of these collectors is limited by the absorption properties of the working fluid, which is very poor for typical conventional solar flat plate collector. Recently usage of nanofluids, which is basically liquid nano particle colloidal dispersion as a working fluid has been found to enhance solar flat plate collector thermal efficiency maximum by 30 percent. Due to improved properties, better heat transfer performance is obtained in many energy and heat transfer devices as compared to traditional fluids which open the door for a new field of scientific research and innovative applications.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2020
In many small scale industries General Purpose radial drill machine is used for drilling. On whic... more In many small scale industries General Purpose radial drill machine is used for drilling. On which many jobs are performed by just changing the tool. A special table is required to place the tool. Tables consume a large floor space. To overcome this problem there is a need to design a multi tool holding attachment for radial drill machine. The main purpose of this paper is to design a multi tool holding attachment for radial drill machine. The best solution for this is use of multi tool holding attachment. Here the multiple tools holding attachment can be fixed on the column of the radial drill machine. At a time four tools can be placed on the tool holder. The attachment can revolve about the axis of the column of the radial drill machine. Installing this attachment will reduce the required of floor space. The analysis of the multi tool holding attachment was done on Ansys software. It will also reduce the fatigue to worker which is caused due to regular bending, for changing the t...
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development, 2020
The purpose of the paper is to gain knowledge and compare the various kinds of Solar Crop Dryer (... more The purpose of the paper is to gain knowledge and compare the various kinds of Solar Crop Dryer (SCD) used to dry agricultural crops. There are many types of SCD and conventional methods that are being researched. Analyzing and comparing various kinds of SCD shows that sun utilization is a promising technology. The availability of space in urban areas, irregular sunshine, high initial cost and facilities problem are the major obstacles to their acceptance by Indian farmer. Research and development should overcome all of these limitations. In order to improve the approval of farmers, it is essential to design a large scale and inexpensive SCD. Research & development in solar drying technology has made significant progress. An overview of the development of solar drying technology is suitable for agricultural growth.
The aim of paper is to study the advancement of solar dryers used for drying agricultural food pr... more The aim of paper is to study the advancement of solar dryers used for drying agricultural food product. Several types of solar dryers, operation and traditional methods are studied. Technical and economical results show that solar drying of agriculture food product drying is possible. Solar drying is an emerging technology. Space availability difficulty in urban areas, sunshine irregularity, higher initial costs and convenience issues are the main hurdles in its propagation and unwillingness to acceptance. For reducing all these factors, further research and development work should be continued. To improve the acceptability of farmer it is necessary to develop a large scale and low cost attractive solar dryer, Research and development work on solar drying technology has been made significant progress. A review on advancement of solar drying technology is appropriate for future development. KeywordsSolar dryer, Agriculture food product, Natural convection, Force convection, Thermal s...
International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 2018
Abstract—The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with... more Abstract—The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with reversed absorber type solar air heater (SD2). Excel software is used to analyse the raw data obtained from the drying experiment to develop a model. An attempt is made in this paper to correlate the collector efficiency, dryer efficiency and pick-up efficiency. All these efficiencies are dependent on the parameters such as solar flux, ambient temperature, collector outlet temperature and moisture content. The simulation equation was developed to predict the values of collector efficiency. The parameters a, n and drying constant k were determined from a plot of curve using a drying models. Experimental data of drying red chili in conventional solar dryer and solar dryer coupled with reversed absorber solar air heater was compared by fitting with three drying models. The moisture content will be rapidly reduced in solar dryer with reversed absorber due to higher drying temperatures. The ...
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