Papers by balasubramaniam ramesh
Concurrent Engineering, Sep 1, 1994
In collaborative activities such as concurrent engineering (CE), conflicts anse due to difference... more In collaborative activities such as concurrent engineering (CE), conflicts anse due to differences in goals, information available, and the understanding of the task Such conflicts can be categorized into two types mixed-motive and cognitive Mixed-motive conflicts are essentially due to interest differentials among stakeholders Cognitive conflicts can occur even when the stakeholders do not differ in their respective utilities, but simply because they offer multiple cognitive perspectives on the problem Because conflicts in CE occur under a wider context of cooperative problem solving, the imperative for solving conflicts in such situations is strong This paper argues that mechanisms for managing conflicts in CE should bear a strong conceptual mapping with the nature of the underlying conflict Moreover, since CE activities are performed in collaborative settings, such mechanisms should accommodate information processing at multiple referent levels We discuss the nature of both types of conflicts and the requirements of mechanisms for managing them, The functionalities of an implementation that addresses these requirements are illustrated through an example of a CE task
Information Systems Journal, Jul 1, 2007
Development", [the authors] offer a thoughtful and original perspective on the nature of high-spe... more Development", [the authors] offer a thoughtful and original perspective on the nature of high-speed software development practices. They offer controversy over the degree to which the set of software development practices, variously called agile methodology, Internet speed methodology, and short cycle time development, are different from more traditional or plan-based development approaches. We heartily welcome such published research, and conference debates that reflect the various views on this issue (Glass 2003; Merisalo-Rantanen, Tuunanen et al. 2005
European Journal of Information Systems, Oct 1, 2019
Organisations operate in increasingly dynamic environments, internetworked in cooperative arrange... more Organisations operate in increasingly dynamic environments, internetworked in cooperative arrangements that cocreate value. They pursue the cocreation of value through collaborative networks, rather than in isolation. However, there is insufficient understanding of how networked organisations cocreate value in the network through the innovative use of information systems (IS): existing multi-firm studies are largely concerned with dyadic relationships. In terms of capturing value from the cocreation process, many studies have reported either enhanced organisational efficiencies (exploitative capability) or resulting innovations (explorative capability), but rarely both aspects simultaneously. This study attempts to draw a comprehensive picture of IS-based value leverage by reporting both the value cocreation process (network level) and value capture (organisational level) through a case study of innovative IS use in a large business network. This network links a public hub organisation with a large number of firms in the South Korean broadcast advertising industry. Drawing on Grover and Kohli's framework for value cocreation, the case study investigates the detailed process by which network-level value cocreation occurs in the four layers of relational arrangements. It also highlights, from an organisational ambidexterity perspective, how the cocreated value is appropriated through ambidextrous activities by the networked organisations.
Software processes are critical assets of software development organizations. The knowledge about... more Software processes are critical assets of software development organizations. The knowledge about context in which a process is defined and tailored is typically lost during software development activities, making the processes difficult to understand, reuse and evolve. We present a framework that represents the process knowledge used in defining and tailoring a software process Based on this model, we have developed a prototype tool to support the understanding, reuse and maintenance of this process knowledge.
IT Professional, Nov 1, 2012
Green IT has gained significant attention, but specific guidance on how to implement and manage v... more Green IT has gained significant attention, but specific guidance on how to implement and manage various green IT initiatives is largely underdeveloped. A new framework helps by classifying green IT used in organizations as sustaining or disrupting innovations. Provides company-wide, employee access to 4,300 technical courses, 600 technical and business books, dozens of Brainbench Exams and free or discounted training webinars and software development certifications.
European Journal of Information Systems, Mar 1, 2013
Agile software development that provides software development organizations, the ability to respo... more Agile software development that provides software development organizations, the ability to respond to changes in turbulent business environments, has been gaining wide adoption. Agile software development projects are characterized by 'just enough' planning and lack of upfront commitment to scope, cost, and schedule. These characteristics pose conflicting demands on managers responsible for making funding decisions, because traditional approaches to funding IT projects are often based on well-defined scope, cost, and schedule. These conflicts demand the adaptation of traditional funding processes to suit to agile projects. We draw from Adaptive Structuration Theory to understand the nature of conflicts between traditional IT project funding processes and the dynamic nature of agile projects, and how these conflicts are addressed by practices that are appropriated in the process of social interaction between funding decision makers and development teams. On the basis of a multisite case study, we present a framework that explains how organizations adapt traditional IT funding approaches to accommodate the unique characteristics of agile IT projects.
Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 2001
This paper proposes an inductive data mining technique (named GPR) based on genetic programming. ... more This paper proposes an inductive data mining technique (named GPR) based on genetic programming. Unlike other mining systems, the particularity of our technique is its ability to discover business rules that satisfy multiple (and possibly conflicting) decision or search criteria simultaneously. We present a step-by-step method to implement GPR, and introduce a prototype that generates production rules from real life data. We also report in this article on the use of GPR in an organization that seeks to understand how its employees make decisions in a "voluntary separation" program. Using a personnel database of 12,787 employees with 35 descriptive variables, our technique is able to discover employees' hidden decision making patterns in the form of production rules. As our approach does not require any domain specific knowledge, it can be used without any major modification in different domains.
International Conference on Information Systems, 2002
This research seeks to discover how quality and agility can be achieved in Internet speed softwar... more This research seeks to discover how quality and agility can be achieved in Internet speed software development. The study is being conducted in multiple phases. During phase 1, detailed case studies of Internet software development were conducted with 10 companies. In phase 2, a Discovery Colloquium was held to synthesize knowledge on innovative practices for quality and agility in Internet software development. During phase 3, the objective is to develop a contingency framework that characterizes choice and effectiveness of the practices based upon the insights from the prior two phases and through a second round of interviews with the original companies (still in business) and with selected additional companies from phase 2. This paper reports on findings on the use of agile methodologies that have emerged from phase 2, the Discovery Colloquium, as presented within the larger context of the study.
IEEE Software, May 1, 2002
His research interests include requirements engineering and traceability, knowledge management, a... more His research interests include requirements engineering and traceability, knowledge management, and collaborative work. Several major funding agencies have supported his work, including the US Office of Naval Research and the US National Science Foundation. He received his PhD in information systems from New York University. Contact him at 35 Broad St.
Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2018
This panel will discuss the demographics, preparedness, and jobs of recent Masters graduates from... more This panel will discuss the demographics, preparedness, and jobs of recent Masters graduates from IS programs in the United States in the context of digital disruption. First, we will review results from the Information Systems Job Index, a longitudinal national project, which in 2017 assessed more than 2100 recent IS graduates from 58 universities across the nation. Next, the panelists, all of whom have extensive experience managing and developing nationally recognized graduate programs, will discuss implications focusing on placement and salary, demographics, knowledge level and jobs, especially in light of the opportunities and threats posed by digital disruption. The panel is unique because for the first time the discussion will be informed by data from the IS Job Index. The results of the panel will influence the management and teaching of existing graduate programs in IS, analytics, healthcare, and other areas as well as the development of new programs.
IFIP, Aug 19, 2008
When information systems development (ISD) was coined as a term and evolved into a research area ... more When information systems development (ISD) was coined as a term and evolved into a research area we lived in a largely industrial economy. This traditional universe placed high value on discipline and predictability for its own sake. In the 1990s several new trends began to question and challenge the traditional view. Specifically, Internet marketplaces created a new environment for information systems development, and novel approaches such as agile methods emerged. In this paper, we present an analysis of empirical findings showing how new principles and practices have come to exist in a parallel economic universe. The traditional universe persists with its foundation in an industrial economic model; and an alternative universe has become apparent corresponding to a knowledge-based economic model. Our findings suggest that, in the future, knowledge-based activity will continue to gain ground with increased emphasis on agility and improvisation. Moreover, the purpose of discipline will be newly understood to serve an underlying role, which is supportive rather than dominant.
Journal of systems integration, Jun 1, 1995
The process of determining user requirements for software systems is often plagued with uncertain... more The process of determining user requirements for software systems is often plagued with uncertainty, ambiguity, and inconsistency. Rapid prototyping offers an iterative approach to requirements engineering that can be used to alleviate some of the problems with communication and understanding. Since the systems development process is characterized by changing requirements and assumptions, involving multiple stakeholders with often differing viewpoints, it is beneficial to capture the justifications for the decisions in the development process in a structured manner. This design rationale captured during requirements engineering can be used in conjunction with the rapid prototyping process to support various stakeholders involved in systems development. CAPS (the Computer Aided Prototyping System) has been built to help software engineers rapidly construct prototypes of proposed software systems. REMAP (Representation and MAintenance of Process knowledge) provides a conceptual model and mechanisms to represent and reason with (design) rationale knowledge. In this paper, we describe how in the context of evolving requirements, the CAPS system augmented with REMAP helps firm up software requirements through iterative negotiations via examination of executable prototypes and reasoning with design rationale knowledge.
Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, Nov 6, 2017
Purpose The purpose of this study is to show how the presence of change caused a shift in the rol... more Purpose The purpose of this study is to show how the presence of change caused a shift in the roles and responsibilities of the internal audit function (IAF). Design/methodology/approach The methodological design/approach was constructed by combining specific aspects of widely known management accounting and organizational change frameworks. The theoretical premise was based on the old institutional economics component of institutional theory. As such, this study used the case study method to examine and analyze the impact of this change in eight specific organizations using the new two-tiered organizational change framework. Findings This new framework analyzes the multidimensional facets of organizational change in the IAF. From the findings, it was observed that the change can be evolutionary, episodic, continuous and/or teleological, and people, organisms and organizations that are subject to it will react or respond to that change in a myriad of ways. Practical implications Moreover, the implications of change can be environmental, socioeconomic and political. Originality/value This study makes an intellectual contribution by introducing a new two-tiered organizational change framework to explain the IAF’s response to the environmental change factor of regulation.
Communications of The ACM, Dec 1, 1998
Engaged management review, May 14, 2018
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License This Empiric... more This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License This Empirical Papers is brought to you for free and open access by CWRU Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Engaged Management ReView by an authorized editor of CWRU Commons.
The importance of managing process knowledge in complex activities such as information product de... more The importance of managing process knowledge in complex activities such as information product development is well recognized in recent research. However, successful implementation of a traceability scheme to manage process knowledge requires the development of appropriate incentives to knowledge workers. Based on a review of accounting and economic literature on managerial incentives as well as empirical studies of nearly thirty
IT Professional, Jul 1, 2006
High speed often requires overlapping, parallel development. The organization can develop release... more High speed often requires overlapping, parallel development. The organization can develop releases in parallel or stage them onto the market Six common practices-used in unique and often intense waysoffer an informal framework for firms facing Internet-time software development.
For each of the stakeholders involved in complex organizational processes, some useful support ca... more For each of the stakeholders involved in complex organizational processes, some useful support can be provided by recording in some structured fashion relevant portions of organizational memory. For this purpose, components of OM should include rich contextual information not only to provide detailed viewpoints of individual decision makers, but also to identify interdependencies among differing perspectives and viewpoints. An effective scheme for the capture and use of OM includes both formal and informal information. We describe a meta-model that can be used to represent comprehensive OM schemes. We describe the capabilities of a prototype OMS that provides a variety of facilitates for the capture, maintenance and use of OM.
IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Oct 1, 2019
In the age of emerging applications, such as IoT, big data, and data mining, our life becomes mor... more In the age of emerging applications, such as IoT, big data, and data mining, our life becomes more convenient through customized services that utilize a huge amount of personal data generated and collected by various IoT devices. To fully exploit the data value as well as enhance the data utilization, more and more data are being traded in online data markets. While enjoying the benefit from data trading, data sellers are also suffering from severe risk of privacy leakage. In this paper, our objective is to maximize data seller's received utility via balancing the trade-off between data trading benefit and data privacy cost. To achieve this, contract theory is utilized to design optimal contract trading mechanisms for both complete and incomplete information markets. From our thorough theoretical analysis, comprehensive simulations and real-data experiments, the effectiveness of our proposed optimal contract mechanisms can be validated, i.e., the maximum utility can be obtained at the seller side, the individual rationality and incentive compatibility can be guaranteed at the buyer side, and the advantages of our mechanism over the single contract mechanisms can be confirmed.
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Papers by balasubramaniam ramesh