Now a day, the virus of COVID-19 becomes a global health problem for human beings. The main conce... more Now a day, the virus of COVID-19 becomes a global health problem for human beings. The main concern of this virus is that it can transmit from human-to-human. The symptoms of this virus are similar to pneumonia. One body to another body of human being transmissions have been described after only incubation times between 3 to 14 days. It can spread through one infected hand to another during hand shake, and also due to contact with the infected surface of metal, glass, plastic, concrete, dirty places and even by fiber cloths. The problem of this virus has been increased suddenly and captures the whole world. Thus in this manuscript we reviewed the literature regarding this problem, so that people become aware about this. Many studies have been analyzed in this manuscript and conclude that this virus may be survive on all surfaces for up to contact with sanitizer, ethanol, H2O2 (hydrogen per oxide) within 30-40 seconds. Other chemicals may be sodium hypochlorite, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine digluconate etc. At present, no specific formula of drugs, vaccines are not available in India and at globe. The method to vanish this virus is only to stop the chain and it is possible by the stop of movement of the human beings (lock down). Thus, the governments of all countries are trying to lock down their state and cities. Only by precaution, human being can defeat this virus.
International Journal of Current Research and Review, 2021
Background: Right now many pharmaceutical companies are tried to finalise the vaccines of coronav... more Background: Right now many pharmaceutical companies are tried to finalise the vaccines of coronavirus and many are trying. In India, vaccination of coronavirus is the world's largest program. Many types of rumours are coming from the side of the public of the whole world about the vaccination. The authors are decided to survey in this regard. Objective: To investigate immunization trust in locally made coronavirus antibodies and antibody inclination. Methods: In December 2020, the authors are surveyed 500 people of the top ten states of India about the acceptance rates and factors influencing acceptance of a coronavirus vaccine. For this survey, online platform technology is used to find the response of the participants. Results: The results of the survey represent that out of 500 respondents, 53.5% were females. 37.6% of people were responded who have an income level of Rs. 501-1000 per day. 38.8% of those people responded who have an only intermediate qualification. 42.4% of people having the age group 25 to 54 years were responded to the vaccination survey. 51.8% of people fully agreed with vaccination but 34% of people suggested if it is coming from the side of the employer, it becomes more successful. Conclusion: By survey analysis of this paper, it is concluded that maximum people are trusting and some are not agreed with the vaccination.
The world's second-largest road network is in India, which is directly and similarly proporti... more The world's second-largest road network is in India, which is directly and similarly proportional to the causes of road rules violations, accidents, and a large per-year death ratio. Now in semi-structured cities, it becomes the biggest challenge to make people abide by traffic rules. Much different automation has been proposed to automate and to make it happens in India. Many researchers are also trying to solve this with computing technology advancement. As from the recent past, AI & ML not only making things smarter but also have proven to a valuable technological human assistant of dealing with such issues with intelligence. In this paper, we proposed a smart traffic violation detection system as a solution for the same issues in the Indian scenario. The advanced and intelligent form of visual computing will assist in detection as well as pruning actions /alerts accordingly with classification of types of violations.
In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the performance by simulation of vapour absorp... more In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the performance by simulation of vapour absorption refrigeration systems (VARS) by changing their working fluid pairs. The study has been done with the help of simulation of VARS for ease of and accuracy in calculations. The temperature and enthalpy of the components of VARS has been observed in this paper to obtain the coefficient of performance (COP) for the different fluids. The refrigerant pairs chosen for the study are NH3–H2O, NH3–LiNO3, NH3–NaSCN and LiBr–H2O. The results depict the performance comparison of all the fluid under same circumstances and also explained the pair of working fluid having optimum parameters with maximum C.O.P. The paper should be of interest to readers in the areas of energy and its applications.
Abstract In this pandemic, the requirements of PPE kits are increasing continuously. The doctors ... more Abstract In this pandemic, the requirements of PPE kits are increasing continuously. The doctors and health care workers are using the kits to protect themselves from the virus. After using, these kits become waste. The consumption of these kits becomes a very big challenge for the municipal corporation. Similarly, the papers which are used in offices become waste after use. The consumption of these papers is also a challenge as in the garbage of a city, the maximum percentage is available in the form of waste papers. The waste papers may be recycled after some recycling process and manufacture handmade papers. The quality of handmade papers will be not as good as traditional papers. By the use of waste medical PPE kits and pulp of used office papers, the quality of handmade papers may be increased. Recycling of used papers and medical PPE kits are also useful for the environment and forests. In this manuscript, it is seen that the combined pulp of waste papers and medical PPE kits in the various ratios may increase or decrease the hardness strength, reflection properties, and moisture properties of handmade papers.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2020
The heat generated by a Slab Lasers can exceed 1,000 watts but the area available for cooling is ... more The heat generated by a Slab Lasers can exceed 1,000 watts but the area available for cooling is too small. This results in localization of heat flux which makes heat dissipation a challenge in slab lasers. The Heat transfer coefficient can increase up to a very high range, which can’t be efficiently achieved by the conventional water cooling. Micro-channel coolers address this problem competently. These channels contain liquid, which transfers heat to the sink with high efficiency.The objective of this paper is to design the microchannel coolers that will be efficiently capable of removing the heat from the slab laser without causing any thermal distortion in the laser. The dimension of the slab is given as follows:-Length(l) =50mm, Width(w) =8mm and thickness(t)=2mm.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2020
This paper documents the optimization of different parameters of micro channel heat sink which en... more This paper documents the optimization of different parameters of micro channel heat sink which enhance the heat transfer. The objective is to find the major thermal resistance in micro channel and its effect on other parameters. Water is used as a coolant and the initial values of convective heat transfer coefficient and volume flow rate are 30000 W/m2K and 1 lpm respectively. Different graph are plotted between pressure drop,heat transfer co-efficient, pressure drop,thermal resistance and flow rate to finally achieve the optimized valus of channel width and height, hydraulic diameter, thermal resistance and pressure drop. The result achieved are in good agreement with the previous researches.
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2020
The pharmaceutical industry is observed to have an unhampered growth and is anticipated to grow s... more The pharmaceutical industry is observed to have an unhampered growth and is anticipated to grow supplemental a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3-6% over the next five years. The worldwide expenditure on medicines has crossed US $1.2 Trillion in 2018 and is expected to go over US $ 1.5 Trillion by 2023. The new product lift-offs, particularly the specialty range have been the major contributor in the growth accomplishment. However, reforming per capita income, accelerating consciousness towards health, geriatric population, elevated chronic ailments along with technological magnifications are significantly pitching towards the growth accomplishment. The following economies have majorly pitched in towards the pharmaceuticals expenditure in 2018: US (US $ 486 Billion), top five European markets (US $ 178 Billion), China (US $ 137 Billion), Japan (US $ 86 Billion).Looking at the trend it seems that the growth of the world-wide pharmaceutical expenditure will majorly be moved by de...
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 2020
This study proposes the wear characteristics of the jatropha oil consisting ofhBNas nanoparticles... more This study proposes the wear characteristics of the jatropha oil consisting ofhBNas nanoparticles. During the test, speed was varied at different rpm. The nanoparticles of 0.3% to 1.2% was mixed to the jatropha seed oil. All the experiment was accomplished on pin on disc tribometer. It has been observed that the nanoparticles of 0.6% ratio shows minimum coefficiecnt of friction and wear during all conditions. In terms of sliding speed, maximum wear of the material occurred at lower speeds for all the samples.
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 2020
Overall performance of any type of heat channel is largely depends upon Knudsen number and Reynol... more Overall performance of any type of heat channel is largely depends upon Knudsen number and Reynolds number [1]. In present work the outcome of dimensionless number on heat transfer properties of micro channel heat exchanger [2]are investigated. CFD analysis of counter flowmicro channel was performed for both slip and no slip flow using Fluent as CFD code. Based on results obtain, pressure drop increases with increment in Reynolds number and Knudsen number. The effectiveness reduces with increment in Reynolds number. The comparison of thermal and hydrodynamics performance between slip and no slip flow for heat exchanger is investigated. The effectiveness increases with decreasing values of Reynolds number for counter flow. For higher effectiveness of the micro channel heat exchanger, Reynolds number should be less.
⎯In this work the effect of system parameter namely equivalent diameter of local element, on the ... more ⎯In this work the effect of system parameter namely equivalent diameter of local element, on the thermal stratification has been studied. This parameter has been varied over a range, and the effect on bed temperature, air temperature and stratification coefficient, etc. has been investigated. Accordingly, parameter that is to yield the best stratification is proposed.
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2016
Disassembly of outdated and previously consumed product takes place in field of remanufacturing, ... more Disassembly of outdated and previously consumed product takes place in field of remanufacturing, recycling, reusing and disposal. The disassembly lines have become the first choice for disassembly of the product that has been consumed previously. Disassembly line should be designed and balanced properly so that it can work as efficiently as possible. There are many different criteria in the disassembly lines for selecting the parts those are to be removed. The problem of disassembly line balancing is based on these different criteria. In this paper, the weights of these criteria have been evaluated. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (fuzzy AHP)-based approach has been applied to calculate the weight of each criterion. With the help of the weight of these criteria, the tasks can be assigned to workstations with different precedence constraint and cycle time limit.
International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development, 2022
This manuscript investigates the waste paper management (WPM) of an educational Institute and awa... more This manuscript investigates the waste paper management (WPM) of an educational Institute and aware the people about the importance of waste paper management and recycling of waste papers by multidimensional approach. The research assessed two multi long term plans, considering all recycling settings feasible for educational scenario. To complete that purpose, support for the collection of waste papers, final disposal and environmental and financial impact assessment concerning transportation is required. Results suggest that the quality of handmade papers is improved by doping some external materials in cellulose of waste papers. In this manuscript, flour of wheat is mixed in waste paper cellulose. The analysis of handmade paper is done by a photometric test. It is found that at some percentages of doping of flour in waste paper pulp, the reflection properties of the paper is increased and surface of paper become smooth and hard. At some other percentages of doping, the papers are ...
Now a day, the virus of COVID-19 becomes a global health problem for human beings. The main conce... more Now a day, the virus of COVID-19 becomes a global health problem for human beings. The main concern of this virus is that it can transmit from human-to-human. The symptoms of this virus are similar to pneumonia. One body to another body of human being transmissions have been described after only incubation times between 3 to 14 days. It can spread through one infected hand to another during hand shake, and also due to contact with the infected surface of metal, glass, plastic, concrete, dirty places and even by fiber cloths. The problem of this virus has been increased suddenly and captures the whole world. Thus in this manuscript we reviewed the literature regarding this problem, so that people become aware about this. Many studies have been analyzed in this manuscript and conclude that this virus may be survive on all surfaces for up to contact with sanitizer, ethanol, H2O2 (hydrogen per oxide) within 30-40 seconds. Other chemicals may be sodium hypochlorite, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine digluconate etc. At present, no specific formula of drugs, vaccines are not available in India and at globe. The method to vanish this virus is only to stop the chain and it is possible by the stop of movement of the human beings (lock down). Thus, the governments of all countries are trying to lock down their state and cities. Only by precaution, human being can defeat this virus.
International Journal of Current Research and Review, 2021
Background: Right now many pharmaceutical companies are tried to finalise the vaccines of coronav... more Background: Right now many pharmaceutical companies are tried to finalise the vaccines of coronavirus and many are trying. In India, vaccination of coronavirus is the world's largest program. Many types of rumours are coming from the side of the public of the whole world about the vaccination. The authors are decided to survey in this regard. Objective: To investigate immunization trust in locally made coronavirus antibodies and antibody inclination. Methods: In December 2020, the authors are surveyed 500 people of the top ten states of India about the acceptance rates and factors influencing acceptance of a coronavirus vaccine. For this survey, online platform technology is used to find the response of the participants. Results: The results of the survey represent that out of 500 respondents, 53.5% were females. 37.6% of people were responded who have an income level of Rs. 501-1000 per day. 38.8% of those people responded who have an only intermediate qualification. 42.4% of people having the age group 25 to 54 years were responded to the vaccination survey. 51.8% of people fully agreed with vaccination but 34% of people suggested if it is coming from the side of the employer, it becomes more successful. Conclusion: By survey analysis of this paper, it is concluded that maximum people are trusting and some are not agreed with the vaccination.
The world's second-largest road network is in India, which is directly and similarly proporti... more The world's second-largest road network is in India, which is directly and similarly proportional to the causes of road rules violations, accidents, and a large per-year death ratio. Now in semi-structured cities, it becomes the biggest challenge to make people abide by traffic rules. Much different automation has been proposed to automate and to make it happens in India. Many researchers are also trying to solve this with computing technology advancement. As from the recent past, AI & ML not only making things smarter but also have proven to a valuable technological human assistant of dealing with such issues with intelligence. In this paper, we proposed a smart traffic violation detection system as a solution for the same issues in the Indian scenario. The advanced and intelligent form of visual computing will assist in detection as well as pruning actions /alerts accordingly with classification of types of violations.
In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the performance by simulation of vapour absorp... more In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the performance by simulation of vapour absorption refrigeration systems (VARS) by changing their working fluid pairs. The study has been done with the help of simulation of VARS for ease of and accuracy in calculations. The temperature and enthalpy of the components of VARS has been observed in this paper to obtain the coefficient of performance (COP) for the different fluids. The refrigerant pairs chosen for the study are NH3–H2O, NH3–LiNO3, NH3–NaSCN and LiBr–H2O. The results depict the performance comparison of all the fluid under same circumstances and also explained the pair of working fluid having optimum parameters with maximum C.O.P. The paper should be of interest to readers in the areas of energy and its applications.
Abstract In this pandemic, the requirements of PPE kits are increasing continuously. The doctors ... more Abstract In this pandemic, the requirements of PPE kits are increasing continuously. The doctors and health care workers are using the kits to protect themselves from the virus. After using, these kits become waste. The consumption of these kits becomes a very big challenge for the municipal corporation. Similarly, the papers which are used in offices become waste after use. The consumption of these papers is also a challenge as in the garbage of a city, the maximum percentage is available in the form of waste papers. The waste papers may be recycled after some recycling process and manufacture handmade papers. The quality of handmade papers will be not as good as traditional papers. By the use of waste medical PPE kits and pulp of used office papers, the quality of handmade papers may be increased. Recycling of used papers and medical PPE kits are also useful for the environment and forests. In this manuscript, it is seen that the combined pulp of waste papers and medical PPE kits in the various ratios may increase or decrease the hardness strength, reflection properties, and moisture properties of handmade papers.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2020
The heat generated by a Slab Lasers can exceed 1,000 watts but the area available for cooling is ... more The heat generated by a Slab Lasers can exceed 1,000 watts but the area available for cooling is too small. This results in localization of heat flux which makes heat dissipation a challenge in slab lasers. The Heat transfer coefficient can increase up to a very high range, which can’t be efficiently achieved by the conventional water cooling. Micro-channel coolers address this problem competently. These channels contain liquid, which transfers heat to the sink with high efficiency.The objective of this paper is to design the microchannel coolers that will be efficiently capable of removing the heat from the slab laser without causing any thermal distortion in the laser. The dimension of the slab is given as follows:-Length(l) =50mm, Width(w) =8mm and thickness(t)=2mm.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2020
This paper documents the optimization of different parameters of micro channel heat sink which en... more This paper documents the optimization of different parameters of micro channel heat sink which enhance the heat transfer. The objective is to find the major thermal resistance in micro channel and its effect on other parameters. Water is used as a coolant and the initial values of convective heat transfer coefficient and volume flow rate are 30000 W/m2K and 1 lpm respectively. Different graph are plotted between pressure drop,heat transfer co-efficient, pressure drop,thermal resistance and flow rate to finally achieve the optimized valus of channel width and height, hydraulic diameter, thermal resistance and pressure drop. The result achieved are in good agreement with the previous researches.
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2020
The pharmaceutical industry is observed to have an unhampered growth and is anticipated to grow s... more The pharmaceutical industry is observed to have an unhampered growth and is anticipated to grow supplemental a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3-6% over the next five years. The worldwide expenditure on medicines has crossed US $1.2 Trillion in 2018 and is expected to go over US $ 1.5 Trillion by 2023. The new product lift-offs, particularly the specialty range have been the major contributor in the growth accomplishment. However, reforming per capita income, accelerating consciousness towards health, geriatric population, elevated chronic ailments along with technological magnifications are significantly pitching towards the growth accomplishment. The following economies have majorly pitched in towards the pharmaceuticals expenditure in 2018: US (US $ 486 Billion), top five European markets (US $ 178 Billion), China (US $ 137 Billion), Japan (US $ 86 Billion).Looking at the trend it seems that the growth of the world-wide pharmaceutical expenditure will majorly be moved by de...
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 2020
This study proposes the wear characteristics of the jatropha oil consisting ofhBNas nanoparticles... more This study proposes the wear characteristics of the jatropha oil consisting ofhBNas nanoparticles. During the test, speed was varied at different rpm. The nanoparticles of 0.3% to 1.2% was mixed to the jatropha seed oil. All the experiment was accomplished on pin on disc tribometer. It has been observed that the nanoparticles of 0.6% ratio shows minimum coefficiecnt of friction and wear during all conditions. In terms of sliding speed, maximum wear of the material occurred at lower speeds for all the samples.
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 2020
Overall performance of any type of heat channel is largely depends upon Knudsen number and Reynol... more Overall performance of any type of heat channel is largely depends upon Knudsen number and Reynolds number [1]. In present work the outcome of dimensionless number on heat transfer properties of micro channel heat exchanger [2]are investigated. CFD analysis of counter flowmicro channel was performed for both slip and no slip flow using Fluent as CFD code. Based on results obtain, pressure drop increases with increment in Reynolds number and Knudsen number. The effectiveness reduces with increment in Reynolds number. The comparison of thermal and hydrodynamics performance between slip and no slip flow for heat exchanger is investigated. The effectiveness increases with decreasing values of Reynolds number for counter flow. For higher effectiveness of the micro channel heat exchanger, Reynolds number should be less.
⎯In this work the effect of system parameter namely equivalent diameter of local element, on the ... more ⎯In this work the effect of system parameter namely equivalent diameter of local element, on the thermal stratification has been studied. This parameter has been varied over a range, and the effect on bed temperature, air temperature and stratification coefficient, etc. has been investigated. Accordingly, parameter that is to yield the best stratification is proposed.
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2016
Disassembly of outdated and previously consumed product takes place in field of remanufacturing, ... more Disassembly of outdated and previously consumed product takes place in field of remanufacturing, recycling, reusing and disposal. The disassembly lines have become the first choice for disassembly of the product that has been consumed previously. Disassembly line should be designed and balanced properly so that it can work as efficiently as possible. There are many different criteria in the disassembly lines for selecting the parts those are to be removed. The problem of disassembly line balancing is based on these different criteria. In this paper, the weights of these criteria have been evaluated. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (fuzzy AHP)-based approach has been applied to calculate the weight of each criterion. With the help of the weight of these criteria, the tasks can be assigned to workstations with different precedence constraint and cycle time limit.
International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development, 2022
This manuscript investigates the waste paper management (WPM) of an educational Institute and awa... more This manuscript investigates the waste paper management (WPM) of an educational Institute and aware the people about the importance of waste paper management and recycling of waste papers by multidimensional approach. The research assessed two multi long term plans, considering all recycling settings feasible for educational scenario. To complete that purpose, support for the collection of waste papers, final disposal and environmental and financial impact assessment concerning transportation is required. Results suggest that the quality of handmade papers is improved by doping some external materials in cellulose of waste papers. In this manuscript, flour of wheat is mixed in waste paper cellulose. The analysis of handmade paper is done by a photometric test. It is found that at some percentages of doping of flour in waste paper pulp, the reflection properties of the paper is increased and surface of paper become smooth and hard. At some other percentages of doping, the papers are ...
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