Papers by Zaigham Sarfraz
This research work seeks to interrogate and contextualize the historical background of organizati... more This research work seeks to interrogate and contextualize the historical background of organization of police to examine its training structures in Pakistan. The impulse behind this inquiry is to provide the historical insight and overview of the emergence and development of police in Ummayeds, Abbasids, Ancient India, Sultanate of Delhi, Mughal periods, in Europe and British India with special reference to an endeavor to highlight the fact that in Pakistan the style of the training does not cope with the new needs and requirements. In fact, in certain respects some good traditions and values of the police service of Pakistan like intellectual and financial integrity, straightforwardness, and non partisan conduct and resistance to pressures and temptation have deteriorated during the past few decades. It has been analyzed and examined that one of the major factors responsible for the declining quality of the state's security apparatus, particularly of the police, is that there is no nationwide integration in terms of training standards and coordination.
The study probes into the role of women in Pakistan Police Department after independence and also... more The study probes into the role of women in Pakistan Police Department after independence and also provides a historical perspective. It contextualizes environment of Pakistani male-dominant society and culture to elaborate women part being played in police service that can perform their task in gender based violence through legal functionaries. This research is based on the analysis of the authentic material in the form of literature from scholars and Government documents. It is observed that different legislation passed by the government of Pakistan after independence to empower the women in police department but excellent training and sound educational mechanism have never been the priority of the government. This study recommends that women police are a great necessity of the police force to secure the engendered rights and liberties of the individuals to ensure a just criminal justice system, combat gender based crimes efficiently and promote general welfare of society to make it violence-free society.
This article interrogates Bertrand Glancy's role in the appointment of Khizar Hayat Tiwana as pre... more This article interrogates Bertrand Glancy's role in the appointment of Khizar Hayat Tiwana as premier of Punjab in 1943, after the death of Sikander Hyat Khan, and the aftermath scenario of Punjab politics. The Governor as an instrument of the British imperialists had to safeguard their interests. The British interest till the end of the World War II was to retain the status-quo in the center as well as in the provincial politics so that it could use men and material support of the Punjab in the war. Therefore, it is pertinent to seek what were the ideas of Glancy about the province of the Punjab, why he elected Khizar Hayat Tiwana as premier of Punjab, why he didn't even grant the Muslim League an interview, why Jinnah was not consulted in this election and how he encouraged, guided and dictated Khizar for anti-Pakistan moves in his premiership.
The main objective of the present research is to explain why the policy makers in Pakistan have f... more The main objective of the present research is to explain why the policy makers in Pakistan have failed to reform the police in a manner consistent with the dignity, prosperity and security of its citizens. It is pertinent to explore that why reformers have either been ineffective to understand police's structural imperatives or having understood failed to translate their ideas into practice. Owing to these problems society has become ungovernable. Any serious attempt to reform the institution of police must take into account the history, culture and ethos of state apparatus and society where the reforms are to be introduced. By explaining the historical analysis of police reforms in Pakistan's history has been examined critically and comprehensively and an effort has been made to highlight ground realities which would help policy makers and reformers understand the flaws of erstwhile reforms and thus contributing towards the improvement of the institution of police.
This research seeks to interrogate the overall organizational structure of police in Pakistan wit... more This research seeks to interrogate the overall organizational structure of police in Pakistan with the help of official record of the government of Pakistan. It provides the historical insight of Police reforms under British India. It examines the declassified official record of the Government of Pakistan. Several efforts have been made to reform and develop the police system but to no use. The article probes that British policies were far better than the reforms initiated by Pakistani ruling elite as particularly the institution of police which deteriorated rapidly owing to immense political influence. An effort has also been made to highlight the different phases of Pakistan's law and order history from 1947-2002.
This research seeks to interrogate the overall organizational structure of police in Pakistan wit... more This research seeks to interrogate the overall organizational structure of police in Pakistan with the help of official record of the government of Pakistan. It provides the historical insight of Police reforms under British India. It examines the declassified official record of the Government of Pakistan. Several efforts have been made to reform and develop the police system but to no use. The article probes that British policies were far better than the reforms initiated by Pakistani ruling elite as particularly the institution of police which deteriorated rapidly owing to immense political influence. An effort has also been made to highlight the different phases of Pakistan's law and order history from 1947-2002.
This paper attempts to investigate the response of Sir Bertrand Glancy, the governor of Punjab fr... more This paper attempts to investigate the response of Sir Bertrand Glancy, the governor of Punjab from 1941 to 1946, to the Muslim politics of Punjab. It also explores the response of Punjab political parties towards the actions and opinions of Bertrand Glancy who was against the division of India and the demand of Pakistan so he created hurdles in the creation of Pakistan. Although various factors were responsible for the situation in Punjab during 1945-1946 elections and the ministry formation in the province but the dictated policies, the anti-Pakistan moves and conspiracies of Bertrand Glancy created the main troubles. The secret reports and documents proved that Governor Glancy adopted the course of British imperialism to keep India united and he remained unfair in dealing with the provincial affairs. This paper discusses how he manipulated the elections of 1945-1946 and how he worked vigorously to prevent the formation of Muslim ministry. The Muslim League was denied its legal right to form the ministry in Punjab, even after it won the elections of 1945-46 and proved itself as the greatest party of the province.
This research paper is aimed at assessing the impact of major institutions on the performance of ... more This research paper is aimed at assessing the impact of major institutions on the performance of police. The research study is divided into three parts. In the first part, an attempt is made to explore how judiciary affects the performance of the police and aggravates the deteriorating situation of police. The second part deals with the dominating role of military over police and explains the repercussions of the arbitrary interference of military on police. The third and last part is an attempt to examine the historical roots of undemocratic administrative structure of governance, culminating in the disastrous effects of devolution plan of Musharraf regime. Via historiographical methods, the research tries to analyze both primary and secondary sources gathered through archival research.
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Papers by Zaigham Sarfraz