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Muhammad hamza

GC University Faisalabad, BS(Computer Science), Graduate Student

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I am very much interested in Machine and Deep Learning because, in the end, I will be able to contribute my knowledge of Electrical and Computer Science in the area of research and move ahead. I would love to expand my knowledge bank and share it open-source to all.

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Papers by Muhammad hamza

Muhammad hamza , 2024

Skin Mangement System

Muhammad Hamza , 2023

Artificial Intelligence Management System, or AIMS, is a piece of software created by Birdbrains.... more Artificial Intelligence Management System, or AIMS, is a piece of software created by Birdbrains. The complexity of the hospital or clinical management staff is lessened by the initiative.
The hospital administration systems used to administer their databases using stacks of paper, but that wasn't ideal for those who needed to manage it for an extended period of time. Because of this, programmers with programming knowledge began creating apps to simplify things.
The User Owner for our project will have complete authority over the application. The scientist is now administrator, although he is uninformed that only superuser has the power to make alterations, while if he is certainly capable of accomplishing this.Various computing technologies in order to keep doing it.

Snakebite is Under Appreciated: Appraisal of Burden from West Africa

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2015

Background Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a major problem in rural areas of West Africa (WA). Comp... more Background Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a major problem in rural areas of West Africa (WA). Compared to other Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD), the public health burden of SBE has not been well characterized. We estimated the impact of snakebite mortality and morbidity using the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) metrics for 16 countries in WA. Methods We used the reported annual number of SB deaths and mean age at time of SB and converted these into years of life lost (YLL). Similarly, the years of life lived with disability (YLD) were estimated by multiplying the number of amputations by the respective disability weight of 0.13.

Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay based detection and prevalence of HCV infection in district Peshawar Pakistan

Muhammad Hamza, Jan 12, 2014

Due to the high rate of asymptomatic infections an advanced screening assay is of prompt importan... more Due to the high rate of asymptomatic infections an advanced screening assay is of prompt importance to be used for the clinical diagnosis of HCV. Early detection of anti HCV is the first step in the management of chronic hepatitis and in the selection of patients needing treatments. In the current study we have first time used the advanced serological diagnostic technique i.e. Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immuno Assay (CMIA) for the detection of HCV infection in Peshawar Pakistan. A total number of 982 samples were collected among the general public belongs to the different areas of district Peshawar. The samples were centrifuged at high speed to obtain a clear supernatant serum. All the samples were run on Architect system a fully automated immuno analyzer CMIA base technology. Out of 982 blood samples analyzed in this study, 160 (15.9%) were confirmed to be positive for active HCV infection. The overall prevalence was found to be 13.4%. Gender wise prevalence was recorded to be ...

Public International Law

Muhammad Hamza, 2022

Public international law, commonly referred to as the Law of Nations, is a body of rules intended... more Public international law, commonly referred to as the Law of Nations, is a body of rules intended to control how subjects of international law who engage in international relations interact with one another. Public international law rules help to maintain generally stable, well-organized, and consistent international interactions by providing a shared operating environment for the subjects of international law.

Suppression in Hosseini the Kite Runner an Analysis in subaltern perspective

Muhammad Hamza, 2022

The Kite Runner tells a sweeping story of family, love, and the backdrop of history! In Afghanist... more The Kite Runner tells a sweeping story of family, love, and the backdrop of history! In Afghanistan, young Amir's earliest memories of life in Kabul are of being blessed with a cultural heritage that values tradition, blood ties, and a deeply rooted cultural identity. It’s an enduring story of betrayal and redemption that presents uprising agitation in Afghanistan.

Principle of Mangament

Muhammad Hamza, 2022

Causes of Seizures in Neonates - A Tertiary Care Hospital Study in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Introduction: Seizures is the most common neurological condition of neonates. Recognition of the ... more Introduction: Seizures is the most common neurological condition of neonates. Recognition of the etiologies of neonatal seizures would enable us to plan effective strategies for the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with the neonatal seizure. Our objective is to determine the etiology of neonatal seizures along with the frequency of causes of seizures in neonates who presented to the pediatric department of Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH) and Holy Family Hospital (HFH), Rawalpindi. Methods: It is a descriptive study of neonates who suffered from seizures at Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH) and Holy family Hospital (HFH), Rawalpindi from 1st of October 2017 to 15 th of December 2017. Patients' files and records were maintained and only those neonates (<28days) were included who presented with seizures or developed fit during the stay in the pediatric department of BBH and HFH, Rawalpindi. The neonates suspected of tetanus were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21. Results: During the study period, 400 neonates were selected. The male to female ratio was 2.48:1. The age and weight of study participants were 4 to 11 days and 2.35 to 2.88 kg, respectively. The majority (65.75%) were term neonates. The most common cause of fits was birth asphyxia (52.25%), followed by metabolic causes (19.25%) and sepsis with meningitis (17.75%). No cause was identified in (3.5%) of patients.

Model Predictive Control implementation for MIMO system in Presence of Soft Constraints and Non-linear Disturbance

2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE), 2020

Model Predictive Control (MPC) uses optimization to compute the control signal in presence of sys... more Model Predictive Control (MPC) uses optimization to compute the control signal in presence of system constraints. Therefore, it has gained enormous popularity in various industrial applications because of its constraints management capability. Although, MPC takes large computational time to optimize the control vector and thus it suits for regulating slow-dynamic SISO plants. Here MPC is implemented to regulate fast-dynamic MIMO plant i-e rotors of a quadcopter to exhibit the rotational three degrees of freedom. The performance is evaluated in presence of soft constraints along with linear non-linear sinusoidal external disturbance in terms of percentage overshoot and steady-state error. The simulations are presented by driving the mathematical model of DC motor and after that it is simulated in MATLAB as a MIMO system for four quad rotors. The results are presented in three modes i-e roll, pitch and yaw with four cases each i-e without constraints, with constraints, with constraints and linear disturbance and with constraints and non-linear disturbance. The simulation results have proved that MPC controls the MIMO system comprehensively without breaching the soft constraints.

Left Atrial to Left Ventricular End Diastolic Diameter Ratio in Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction

Background: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is difficult to diagnose and characterize despite many tec... more Background: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is difficult to diagnose and characterize despite many techniques. It is known that left atrial diameter (LAD) increases and left ventricular internal end diastolic diameter (LVIDD) remains the same in moderate to severe diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above) but a ratio between these two (LAD/LVIDD) has never been used to assess diastolic dysfunction. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the ratio, left atrial diameter/ left ventricular internal end diastolic diameter (LAD/LVIDD) and diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above). This study also aims to give a statistical model based upon this relationship that is able to help in diagnosing diastolic dysfunction. Methods: This case control analytical study was carried out at the Department of Cardiology, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Jan 2014 to Jan 2016. On the basis of echocardiographic findings, 226 patients were identified as normal healthy control group whereas 22...

Challenges of Immunization Coverage among a Semi-Nomadic Population in Kano State, North West Nigeria

International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 2016

Nigeria has been reported to be off track in achieving the 4 th Millennium Development Goal (Redu... more Nigeria has been reported to be off track in achieving the 4 th Millennium Development Goal (Reducing Child Mortality) due to poor health indicators such as Under five Mortality (U5MR) and Infant Mortality (IMR) which stand at 94 and 61 per 1000 live births respectively . The burden of these childhood vaccine preventable diseases vary across the zone of the country with North West and North East worst affected due to multiple problems including low immunization coverage. Kano State has consistently reported low immunization coverage with about 70% of polio cases in the country in as at the third quarter of 2014. The challenges for the immunization coverage especially among rural semi-nomadic communities have not been studied; this may pose serious programmatic and services challenges. Thus the motivation behind conducting the study to establish specific challenges related to mobile Fulani communities, the findings which is expected to inform stake holders for policy and programmin...

Perception of the Educational Environment and Its Correlation with Academic Performance of Medical Students in a Public Sector Medical Institute of Pakistan

Proceedings of the International Conference on Medical Education (ICME 2021), 2021

The study aims to assess their correlation and provide recommendations for a conducive educationa... more The study aims to assess their correlation and provide recommendations for a conducive educational environment (EE). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a public sector medical institute of Pakistan in which EE of 320 students from 2 nd till 5 th years was assessed using Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM). Results: The mean DREEM score was 98.32/200 indicating the perception to be on the less positive side. Students' academic self-perception (SASP) domain scored highest (16.97/32, 53%) while students' perception of teaching (SPT) domain scored the lowest (20.07/44, 45.5%). The difference in mean DREEM and subdomains scores across academic years were statistically significant (p<0.001) with 2 nd-year having the lowest (86.4) and 4 th year having the highest (110.22) mean scores. There was a significant positive correlation between academic performance and total DREEM score (r=0.661, p<0.01) The simple linear regression for predicting obtained scores in recent professional exams by total DREEM score was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Academic performance was strongly correlated with the perception of the educational environment. Improving the perception of the educational environment will lead to better academic performance. Interventions such as training of teaching faculty, promotion of research-oriented learning, and the establishment of a support system for stressed students will help the administration to provide a better educational environment and improve the academic performance of students.

Origami Antennas

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2021

The field of foldable and physically reconfigurable antennas has recently attracted significant i... more The field of foldable and physically reconfigurable antennas has recently attracted significant interest from diverse scientific communities, including researchers on antennas, material science, mechanical engineering and numerical modeling. Deployable, packable and multifunctional systems are very important for many applications, including satellite communications, UAVs, CubeSats as well as airborne and spaceborne communication systems. Foldable and physically reconfigurable antennas, particularly origami-based antennas, can provide new capabilities for the aforementioned applications. In this work, we present emerging research on foldable and physically reconfigurable antennas. Such antennas morph their shape to adapt and reconfigure their EM performance (e.g., frequency of operation, bandwidth, polarization, beamwidth, etc.). Also, origami antennas provide ultra-compact stowage, easy deployment, reduced weight, enhanced EM performance and multifunctional utility. INDEX TERMS Antennas, electromagnetics, origami, reconfigurable.

Digital Transformation Among Family Businesses in Pakistan

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2021

Family businesses over recent years have invested heavily in digital transformation to strategize... more Family businesses over recent years have invested heavily in digital transformation to strategize their platform for gaining a competitive advantage in the industry and setting up their business for success. In Pakistan, there are several family businesses that altogether run a major share of the country’s economy, many of which have also embraced digital transformation in order to achieve financial gain. This paper will seek to analyze the impact of digital transformation in family businesses in Pakistan. It will make use of the various factors within the country such as economic, cultural, and demographic in order to synthesize a conceptual model that will shape the impact of digital transformation on Pakistani family businesses and how it may vary from the impact on family businesses among developed countries across the globe.

βC1, pathogenicity determinant encoded by Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite, interacts with calmodulin-like protein 11 (Gh-CML11) in Gossypium hirsutum

PLOS ONE, 2019

Begomoviruses interfere with host plant machinery to evade host defense mechanism by interacting ... more Begomoviruses interfere with host plant machinery to evade host defense mechanism by interacting with plant proteins. In the old world, this group of viruses are usually associated with betasatellite that induces severe disease symptoms by encoding a protein, βC1, which is a pathogenicity determinant. Here, we show that βC1 encoded by Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) requires Gossypium hirsutum calmodulin-like protein 11 (Gh-CML11) to infect cotton. First, we used the in silico approach to predict the interaction of CLCuMB-βC1 with Gh-CML11. A number of sequence-and structure-based in-silico interaction prediction techniques suggested a strong putative binding of CLCuMB-βC1 with Gh-CML11 in a Ca +2-dependent manner. In-silico interaction prediction was then confirmed by three different experimental approaches: The Gh-CML11 interaction was confirmed using CLCuMB-βC1 in a yeast two hybrid system and pull down assay. These results were further validated using bimolecular fluorescence complementation system showing the interaction in cytoplasmic veins of Nicotiana benthamiana. Bioinformatics and molecular studies suggested that CLCuMB-βC1 induces the overexpression of Gh-CML11 protein and ultimately provides calcium as a nutrient source for virus movement and transmission. This is the first comprehensive study on the interaction between CLCuMB-βC1 and Gh-CML11 proteins which provided insights into our understating of the role of βC1 in cotton leaf curl disease.

Relationship of left ventricular and atrial dimensions with moderate to severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above)

African Health Sciences, 2020

Introduction: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an entity in which the ventricle fai... more Introduction: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an entity in which the ventricle fails to fill up properly due to impaired ventricular relaxation and/or decreased compliance. The diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction is based on a variety of parameters in doppler echocardiograpy. However, some parameters like interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSd), posterior wall thickness in diastole (PWd), left ventricular internal end diastolic and systolic diameters (LVIDD and LVISD) along with left atrial diameters (LAD) have yet to be evaluated for the diagnostic workup of DD. Methods: A case control study was done in the cardiology department from patient records from 2016 to 2018. Patients were diagnosed as diastolic dysfunction grade II and above by doppler echocardiography. IVSd, PWd, LVIDD, LAD, LVISD were obtained through 2-D echocardiography. Results: Patients with DD had greater LAD, IVSd and PWd and decreased LVIDD and LVISD as compared to control group. Overal...

Managers’ Open Innovation and Business Performance in SMEs: A Moderated Mediation Model of Job Crafting and Gender

Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 2020

There is growing acceptability in redesigning jobs to achieve goals and objectives nowadays. Empl... more There is growing acceptability in redesigning jobs to achieve goals and objectives nowadays. Employees who indulge in exploiting and exploring opportunities for the business tend to craft their jobs, which can help to enhance business performance. This study aims to examine that how ambidextrous managers in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) craft their tasks as a strategy for open innovation to enhance business performance. This study also attempts to assess the moderating role of gender in evaluating the relationship. Simple random sampling is used to administer a structured questionnaire to 650 operations managers employed in service-sector SMEs. The findings reveal that, when male managers involve in explorative and exploitative activities, they tend to craft their jobs more as compared to females. In turn, when jobs are redesigned, it brings a positive impact on business performance as perceived by the managers. The study provides implications for the policy makers with regard...

Compliance Rate of Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and its Association with Knowledge of Guidelines Among Surgical Residents in a Tertiary Care Public Hospital of a Developing Country

Cureus, 2019

Introduction Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) means the administration of antibiotics in ... more Introduction Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) means the administration of antibiotics in surgical practice, and it reduces the likelihood of surgical site infections (SSIs). Inappropriate SAP practice regarding the prescription, timing, and duration of antibiotic use prolongs the hospital stay of patients, increases patient morbidity (by exposing them to the adverse effects of antibiotics), promotes bacterial resistance, and puts an economic burden on health care. While developed countries regularly monitor and revise their SAP protocols, there are only a few such researches in developing countries, which is a major setback to proper surgical care. Objectives of the study This study aims to compare the practice of SAP in a tertiary health care hospital of a developing country Pakistan, with internationally recommended protocols and evaluate the impact of knowledge of international guidelines on SAP practice. The results of the study will highlight important shortcomings in prophylactic practice in the hospital and help develop recommendations to improve SAP practice and ensure better surgical care for patients.

In silico Prediction and Validations of Domains Involved in Gossypium hirsutum SnRK1 Protein Interaction With Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Betasatellite Encoded βC1

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by viruses of genus Begomovirus is a major constraint to ... more Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by viruses of genus Begomovirus is a major constraint to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production in many cotton-growing regions of the world. Symptoms of the disease are caused by Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) that encodes a pathogenicity determinant protein, βC1. Here, we report the identification of interacting regions in βC1 protein by using computational approaches including sequence recognition, and binding site and interface prediction methods. We show the domain-level interactions based on the structural analysis of G. hirsutum SnRK1 protein and its domains with CLCuMB-βC1. To verify and validate the in silico predictions, three different experimental approaches, yeast two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and pull down assay were used. Our results showed that ubiquitin-associated domain (UBA) and autoinhibitory sequence (AIS) domains of G. hirsutum-encoded SnRK1 are involved in CLCuMB-βC1 interaction. This is the first comprehensive investigation that combined in silico interaction prediction followed by experimental validation of interaction between CLCuMB-βC1 and a host protein. We demonstrated that data from computational biology could provide binding site information between CLCuD-associated viruses/satellites and new hosts that lack known binding site information for protein-protein interaction studies. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Industrial Financial Forecasting using Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2019

This research deals with the industrial financial forecasting in order to calculate the yearly ex... more This research deals with the industrial financial forecasting in order to calculate the yearly expenditure of the organization. Forecasting helps in estimation of the future trends and provides a valuable information to make the industrial decisions. With growing economies, the financial world spends billions in terms of expenses. These expenditures are also defined as budgets or operational resources for a functional workplace. These expenses carry a fluctuating property as opposed to a linear or constant growth and this information if extracted can reshape the future in terms of effective spending of finances and will give an insight for the future budgeting reforms. It is a challenge to grasp over the changing trends with an effective accuracy and for this purpose machine learning approaches can be utilized. In this study Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), which is a variant of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) from the family of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), is used for forecasting purposes along with a statistical tool IBM SPSS for comparative analysis. In this study, the experiments are performed on the data set of Pakistan GDP by type of expenditure at current prices-national currency (1970-2016) produced by Economic Statistics Branch of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD). Results of this study demonstrate that the proposed model predicted the expenses with better accuracy than that of the classical statistical tools.

Muhammad hamza , 2024

Skin Mangement System

Muhammad Hamza , 2023

Artificial Intelligence Management System, or AIMS, is a piece of software created by Birdbrains.... more Artificial Intelligence Management System, or AIMS, is a piece of software created by Birdbrains. The complexity of the hospital or clinical management staff is lessened by the initiative.
The hospital administration systems used to administer their databases using stacks of paper, but that wasn't ideal for those who needed to manage it for an extended period of time. Because of this, programmers with programming knowledge began creating apps to simplify things.
The User Owner for our project will have complete authority over the application. The scientist is now administrator, although he is uninformed that only superuser has the power to make alterations, while if he is certainly capable of accomplishing this.Various computing technologies in order to keep doing it.

Snakebite is Under Appreciated: Appraisal of Burden from West Africa

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2015

Background Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a major problem in rural areas of West Africa (WA). Comp... more Background Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a major problem in rural areas of West Africa (WA). Compared to other Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD), the public health burden of SBE has not been well characterized. We estimated the impact of snakebite mortality and morbidity using the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) metrics for 16 countries in WA. Methods We used the reported annual number of SB deaths and mean age at time of SB and converted these into years of life lost (YLL). Similarly, the years of life lived with disability (YLD) were estimated by multiplying the number of amputations by the respective disability weight of 0.13.

Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay based detection and prevalence of HCV infection in district Peshawar Pakistan

Muhammad Hamza, Jan 12, 2014

Due to the high rate of asymptomatic infections an advanced screening assay is of prompt importan... more Due to the high rate of asymptomatic infections an advanced screening assay is of prompt importance to be used for the clinical diagnosis of HCV. Early detection of anti HCV is the first step in the management of chronic hepatitis and in the selection of patients needing treatments. In the current study we have first time used the advanced serological diagnostic technique i.e. Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immuno Assay (CMIA) for the detection of HCV infection in Peshawar Pakistan. A total number of 982 samples were collected among the general public belongs to the different areas of district Peshawar. The samples were centrifuged at high speed to obtain a clear supernatant serum. All the samples were run on Architect system a fully automated immuno analyzer CMIA base technology. Out of 982 blood samples analyzed in this study, 160 (15.9%) were confirmed to be positive for active HCV infection. The overall prevalence was found to be 13.4%. Gender wise prevalence was recorded to be ...

Public International Law

Muhammad Hamza, 2022

Public international law, commonly referred to as the Law of Nations, is a body of rules intended... more Public international law, commonly referred to as the Law of Nations, is a body of rules intended to control how subjects of international law who engage in international relations interact with one another. Public international law rules help to maintain generally stable, well-organized, and consistent international interactions by providing a shared operating environment for the subjects of international law.

Suppression in Hosseini the Kite Runner an Analysis in subaltern perspective

Muhammad Hamza, 2022

The Kite Runner tells a sweeping story of family, love, and the backdrop of history! In Afghanist... more The Kite Runner tells a sweeping story of family, love, and the backdrop of history! In Afghanistan, young Amir's earliest memories of life in Kabul are of being blessed with a cultural heritage that values tradition, blood ties, and a deeply rooted cultural identity. It’s an enduring story of betrayal and redemption that presents uprising agitation in Afghanistan.

Principle of Mangament

Muhammad Hamza, 2022

Causes of Seizures in Neonates - A Tertiary Care Hospital Study in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Introduction: Seizures is the most common neurological condition of neonates. Recognition of the ... more Introduction: Seizures is the most common neurological condition of neonates. Recognition of the etiologies of neonatal seizures would enable us to plan effective strategies for the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with the neonatal seizure. Our objective is to determine the etiology of neonatal seizures along with the frequency of causes of seizures in neonates who presented to the pediatric department of Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH) and Holy Family Hospital (HFH), Rawalpindi. Methods: It is a descriptive study of neonates who suffered from seizures at Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH) and Holy family Hospital (HFH), Rawalpindi from 1st of October 2017 to 15 th of December 2017. Patients' files and records were maintained and only those neonates (<28days) were included who presented with seizures or developed fit during the stay in the pediatric department of BBH and HFH, Rawalpindi. The neonates suspected of tetanus were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21. Results: During the study period, 400 neonates were selected. The male to female ratio was 2.48:1. The age and weight of study participants were 4 to 11 days and 2.35 to 2.88 kg, respectively. The majority (65.75%) were term neonates. The most common cause of fits was birth asphyxia (52.25%), followed by metabolic causes (19.25%) and sepsis with meningitis (17.75%). No cause was identified in (3.5%) of patients.

Model Predictive Control implementation for MIMO system in Presence of Soft Constraints and Non-linear Disturbance

2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE), 2020

Model Predictive Control (MPC) uses optimization to compute the control signal in presence of sys... more Model Predictive Control (MPC) uses optimization to compute the control signal in presence of system constraints. Therefore, it has gained enormous popularity in various industrial applications because of its constraints management capability. Although, MPC takes large computational time to optimize the control vector and thus it suits for regulating slow-dynamic SISO plants. Here MPC is implemented to regulate fast-dynamic MIMO plant i-e rotors of a quadcopter to exhibit the rotational three degrees of freedom. The performance is evaluated in presence of soft constraints along with linear non-linear sinusoidal external disturbance in terms of percentage overshoot and steady-state error. The simulations are presented by driving the mathematical model of DC motor and after that it is simulated in MATLAB as a MIMO system for four quad rotors. The results are presented in three modes i-e roll, pitch and yaw with four cases each i-e without constraints, with constraints, with constraints and linear disturbance and with constraints and non-linear disturbance. The simulation results have proved that MPC controls the MIMO system comprehensively without breaching the soft constraints.

Left Atrial to Left Ventricular End Diastolic Diameter Ratio in Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction

Background: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is difficult to diagnose and characterize despite many tec... more Background: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is difficult to diagnose and characterize despite many techniques. It is known that left atrial diameter (LAD) increases and left ventricular internal end diastolic diameter (LVIDD) remains the same in moderate to severe diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above) but a ratio between these two (LAD/LVIDD) has never been used to assess diastolic dysfunction. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the ratio, left atrial diameter/ left ventricular internal end diastolic diameter (LAD/LVIDD) and diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above). This study also aims to give a statistical model based upon this relationship that is able to help in diagnosing diastolic dysfunction. Methods: This case control analytical study was carried out at the Department of Cardiology, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Jan 2014 to Jan 2016. On the basis of echocardiographic findings, 226 patients were identified as normal healthy control group whereas 22...

Challenges of Immunization Coverage among a Semi-Nomadic Population in Kano State, North West Nigeria

International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 2016

Nigeria has been reported to be off track in achieving the 4 th Millennium Development Goal (Redu... more Nigeria has been reported to be off track in achieving the 4 th Millennium Development Goal (Reducing Child Mortality) due to poor health indicators such as Under five Mortality (U5MR) and Infant Mortality (IMR) which stand at 94 and 61 per 1000 live births respectively . The burden of these childhood vaccine preventable diseases vary across the zone of the country with North West and North East worst affected due to multiple problems including low immunization coverage. Kano State has consistently reported low immunization coverage with about 70% of polio cases in the country in as at the third quarter of 2014. The challenges for the immunization coverage especially among rural semi-nomadic communities have not been studied; this may pose serious programmatic and services challenges. Thus the motivation behind conducting the study to establish specific challenges related to mobile Fulani communities, the findings which is expected to inform stake holders for policy and programmin...

Perception of the Educational Environment and Its Correlation with Academic Performance of Medical Students in a Public Sector Medical Institute of Pakistan

Proceedings of the International Conference on Medical Education (ICME 2021), 2021

The study aims to assess their correlation and provide recommendations for a conducive educationa... more The study aims to assess their correlation and provide recommendations for a conducive educational environment (EE). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a public sector medical institute of Pakistan in which EE of 320 students from 2 nd till 5 th years was assessed using Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM). Results: The mean DREEM score was 98.32/200 indicating the perception to be on the less positive side. Students' academic self-perception (SASP) domain scored highest (16.97/32, 53%) while students' perception of teaching (SPT) domain scored the lowest (20.07/44, 45.5%). The difference in mean DREEM and subdomains scores across academic years were statistically significant (p<0.001) with 2 nd-year having the lowest (86.4) and 4 th year having the highest (110.22) mean scores. There was a significant positive correlation between academic performance and total DREEM score (r=0.661, p<0.01) The simple linear regression for predicting obtained scores in recent professional exams by total DREEM score was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Academic performance was strongly correlated with the perception of the educational environment. Improving the perception of the educational environment will lead to better academic performance. Interventions such as training of teaching faculty, promotion of research-oriented learning, and the establishment of a support system for stressed students will help the administration to provide a better educational environment and improve the academic performance of students.

Origami Antennas

IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2021

The field of foldable and physically reconfigurable antennas has recently attracted significant i... more The field of foldable and physically reconfigurable antennas has recently attracted significant interest from diverse scientific communities, including researchers on antennas, material science, mechanical engineering and numerical modeling. Deployable, packable and multifunctional systems are very important for many applications, including satellite communications, UAVs, CubeSats as well as airborne and spaceborne communication systems. Foldable and physically reconfigurable antennas, particularly origami-based antennas, can provide new capabilities for the aforementioned applications. In this work, we present emerging research on foldable and physically reconfigurable antennas. Such antennas morph their shape to adapt and reconfigure their EM performance (e.g., frequency of operation, bandwidth, polarization, beamwidth, etc.). Also, origami antennas provide ultra-compact stowage, easy deployment, reduced weight, enhanced EM performance and multifunctional utility. INDEX TERMS Antennas, electromagnetics, origami, reconfigurable.

Digital Transformation Among Family Businesses in Pakistan

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2021

Family businesses over recent years have invested heavily in digital transformation to strategize... more Family businesses over recent years have invested heavily in digital transformation to strategize their platform for gaining a competitive advantage in the industry and setting up their business for success. In Pakistan, there are several family businesses that altogether run a major share of the country’s economy, many of which have also embraced digital transformation in order to achieve financial gain. This paper will seek to analyze the impact of digital transformation in family businesses in Pakistan. It will make use of the various factors within the country such as economic, cultural, and demographic in order to synthesize a conceptual model that will shape the impact of digital transformation on Pakistani family businesses and how it may vary from the impact on family businesses among developed countries across the globe.

βC1, pathogenicity determinant encoded by Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite, interacts with calmodulin-like protein 11 (Gh-CML11) in Gossypium hirsutum

PLOS ONE, 2019

Begomoviruses interfere with host plant machinery to evade host defense mechanism by interacting ... more Begomoviruses interfere with host plant machinery to evade host defense mechanism by interacting with plant proteins. In the old world, this group of viruses are usually associated with betasatellite that induces severe disease symptoms by encoding a protein, βC1, which is a pathogenicity determinant. Here, we show that βC1 encoded by Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) requires Gossypium hirsutum calmodulin-like protein 11 (Gh-CML11) to infect cotton. First, we used the in silico approach to predict the interaction of CLCuMB-βC1 with Gh-CML11. A number of sequence-and structure-based in-silico interaction prediction techniques suggested a strong putative binding of CLCuMB-βC1 with Gh-CML11 in a Ca +2-dependent manner. In-silico interaction prediction was then confirmed by three different experimental approaches: The Gh-CML11 interaction was confirmed using CLCuMB-βC1 in a yeast two hybrid system and pull down assay. These results were further validated using bimolecular fluorescence complementation system showing the interaction in cytoplasmic veins of Nicotiana benthamiana. Bioinformatics and molecular studies suggested that CLCuMB-βC1 induces the overexpression of Gh-CML11 protein and ultimately provides calcium as a nutrient source for virus movement and transmission. This is the first comprehensive study on the interaction between CLCuMB-βC1 and Gh-CML11 proteins which provided insights into our understating of the role of βC1 in cotton leaf curl disease.

Relationship of left ventricular and atrial dimensions with moderate to severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above)

African Health Sciences, 2020

Introduction: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an entity in which the ventricle fai... more Introduction: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an entity in which the ventricle fails to fill up properly due to impaired ventricular relaxation and/or decreased compliance. The diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction is based on a variety of parameters in doppler echocardiograpy. However, some parameters like interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSd), posterior wall thickness in diastole (PWd), left ventricular internal end diastolic and systolic diameters (LVIDD and LVISD) along with left atrial diameters (LAD) have yet to be evaluated for the diagnostic workup of DD. Methods: A case control study was done in the cardiology department from patient records from 2016 to 2018. Patients were diagnosed as diastolic dysfunction grade II and above by doppler echocardiography. IVSd, PWd, LVIDD, LAD, LVISD were obtained through 2-D echocardiography. Results: Patients with DD had greater LAD, IVSd and PWd and decreased LVIDD and LVISD as compared to control group. Overal...

Managers’ Open Innovation and Business Performance in SMEs: A Moderated Mediation Model of Job Crafting and Gender

Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 2020

There is growing acceptability in redesigning jobs to achieve goals and objectives nowadays. Empl... more There is growing acceptability in redesigning jobs to achieve goals and objectives nowadays. Employees who indulge in exploiting and exploring opportunities for the business tend to craft their jobs, which can help to enhance business performance. This study aims to examine that how ambidextrous managers in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) craft their tasks as a strategy for open innovation to enhance business performance. This study also attempts to assess the moderating role of gender in evaluating the relationship. Simple random sampling is used to administer a structured questionnaire to 650 operations managers employed in service-sector SMEs. The findings reveal that, when male managers involve in explorative and exploitative activities, they tend to craft their jobs more as compared to females. In turn, when jobs are redesigned, it brings a positive impact on business performance as perceived by the managers. The study provides implications for the policy makers with regard...

Compliance Rate of Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and its Association with Knowledge of Guidelines Among Surgical Residents in a Tertiary Care Public Hospital of a Developing Country

Cureus, 2019

Introduction Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) means the administration of antibiotics in ... more Introduction Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) means the administration of antibiotics in surgical practice, and it reduces the likelihood of surgical site infections (SSIs). Inappropriate SAP practice regarding the prescription, timing, and duration of antibiotic use prolongs the hospital stay of patients, increases patient morbidity (by exposing them to the adverse effects of antibiotics), promotes bacterial resistance, and puts an economic burden on health care. While developed countries regularly monitor and revise their SAP protocols, there are only a few such researches in developing countries, which is a major setback to proper surgical care. Objectives of the study This study aims to compare the practice of SAP in a tertiary health care hospital of a developing country Pakistan, with internationally recommended protocols and evaluate the impact of knowledge of international guidelines on SAP practice. The results of the study will highlight important shortcomings in prophylactic practice in the hospital and help develop recommendations to improve SAP practice and ensure better surgical care for patients.

In silico Prediction and Validations of Domains Involved in Gossypium hirsutum SnRK1 Protein Interaction With Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Betasatellite Encoded βC1

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by viruses of genus Begomovirus is a major constraint to ... more Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by viruses of genus Begomovirus is a major constraint to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production in many cotton-growing regions of the world. Symptoms of the disease are caused by Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) that encodes a pathogenicity determinant protein, βC1. Here, we report the identification of interacting regions in βC1 protein by using computational approaches including sequence recognition, and binding site and interface prediction methods. We show the domain-level interactions based on the structural analysis of G. hirsutum SnRK1 protein and its domains with CLCuMB-βC1. To verify and validate the in silico predictions, three different experimental approaches, yeast two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and pull down assay were used. Our results showed that ubiquitin-associated domain (UBA) and autoinhibitory sequence (AIS) domains of G. hirsutum-encoded SnRK1 are involved in CLCuMB-βC1 interaction. This is the first comprehensive investigation that combined in silico interaction prediction followed by experimental validation of interaction between CLCuMB-βC1 and a host protein. We demonstrated that data from computational biology could provide binding site information between CLCuD-associated viruses/satellites and new hosts that lack known binding site information for protein-protein interaction studies. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Industrial Financial Forecasting using Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2019

This research deals with the industrial financial forecasting in order to calculate the yearly ex... more This research deals with the industrial financial forecasting in order to calculate the yearly expenditure of the organization. Forecasting helps in estimation of the future trends and provides a valuable information to make the industrial decisions. With growing economies, the financial world spends billions in terms of expenses. These expenditures are also defined as budgets or operational resources for a functional workplace. These expenses carry a fluctuating property as opposed to a linear or constant growth and this information if extracted can reshape the future in terms of effective spending of finances and will give an insight for the future budgeting reforms. It is a challenge to grasp over the changing trends with an effective accuracy and for this purpose machine learning approaches can be utilized. In this study Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), which is a variant of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) from the family of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), is used for forecasting purposes along with a statistical tool IBM SPSS for comparative analysis. In this study, the experiments are performed on the data set of Pakistan GDP by type of expenditure at current prices-national currency (1970-2016) produced by Economic Statistics Branch of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD). Results of this study demonstrate that the proposed model predicted the expenses with better accuracy than that of the classical statistical tools.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFIC for Login page link with database

M hamza, 2020

This SRS related to login page made in web base like html ur css and also link with database abou... more

Software Requirements Specification for International Health Card

M hamza, 2019

SRS

Software Requirements Specification for International Health Card

m hamza , 2019

SRS