Among many diseases, allergy appears to be a serious problem for human beings. Various forms of a... more Among many diseases, allergy appears to be a serious problem for human beings. Various forms of allergic disorders make people tense, leading to some other health issues. Many medications, including nonracemic and racemic ones, are used to treat this problem. It is important to have exact analysis strategies just to see any medication side effects, plasma profiles, and working efficiency. Therefore, efforts are made to review simple and chiral HPLC methods for antiallergic drugs; HPLC is the best analytical technique. The highlights in this article include the world scenario, causes of allergy, the effect of allergy on the economy, the mechanism of allergy in humans, classes of antiallergic drugs, simple drugs, chiral drugs, analysis by HPLC, and the chiral recognition mechanism. Moreover, attempts are also made to highlight the management of allergies and future perspectives.
The field of nanoscience has evolved into a wide variety of successes over the past two decades a... more The field of nanoscience has evolved into a wide variety of successes over the past two decades and the emphasis on nanotechnology is to revolve around various dynamic fields, such as sensor, biomedical, and many useful applications. Advances in related fields are certainly due to the ability to synthesize nanoparticles from a variety of materials, structures, and to convert samples into complex nanoarchitectures. The promises of nanomedicine are broad. Graphene (Gr), the first 2-dimensional material to stand alone, is a type of new nanomaterial that leads to the excitement of natural biological applications. Number of researches has been conducted on applicability of GBNs in the area of environment, biomedical, and healthcare sectors. As compared to other nanomaterials, extraordinary properties of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) like high surface area, multilayers, multifunctional and excellent biocompatibility make them capable to play great roll of highly-tailored multifuncti...
In the present study, an attempt has been made to produce a variety of shades on wool fabric with... more In the present study, an attempt has been made to produce a variety of shades on wool fabric with Lacciac acid (lac natural dye) from red to brown. The study has been performed in various environments, such as acidic, neutral and alkaline medium using different metal salts as mordant, mostly eco-friendly that helped to produce faster shades of different hue and tones. An organized and unique effort has been presented here to develop with 5% of lac dye o.w.f (on weight of fabric) on wool fiber pretreated with seven sets of iron mordant in three different mediums namely acidic, neutral and alkaline to produce 21 shades. By varying the dye concentration, using 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, and 0.5% dye (o.w.f), 126 shades were produced in different hues and tones. Mechanism of dying has been proposed and it has been found that since iron has a strong tendency to form coordination complexes with chelating ligands such as dye molecules (Fig. 1) and therefore some coordination sites of iron remain unoc...
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of catechu in solution an... more The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of catechu in solution and % microbial reduction of dyed wool samples against Escherichia coli MTCC 443, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 902, Candida albicans ATCC 10261 and Candida tropicalis ATCC 750, by using micro-broth dilution method, disc diffusion assay and growth curve studies. The dye showed the maximum antimicrobial activity at 20% w/v, inhibiting the microbial growth by more than 90%. In the next set of the experiments the antimicrobial activity of the dye was compared on woollen yarn alone and on pre-mordanted samples. The reduction in antimicrobial activity was observed when mordanted samples were examined. K/S, CIELab values and fastness properties of the dyed samples were assessed. The structural morphology of woollen yarn was also evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Haemolytic activity on human erythrocytes was studied to exclude possibility of further associated cytotoxicity. The observed antimicrobial characteristics and negligible cytoxicity of catechu indicate that the dye might be a promising antimicrobial agent for developing bioactive textile materials and clothing.
This work is an attempt to examine the effect of Rheum emodi L. as dye and its dyed wool yarns ag... more This work is an attempt to examine the effect of Rheum emodi L. as dye and its dyed wool yarns against two bacterial (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungal (Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) species. The dyeing was carried out using 5% and 10% o.w.f. dye concentration in presence and absence of ferrous sulphate, stannous chloride and alum mordants. The colour strength, CIELab values and fastness properties of dyed samples were also assessed. FTIR spectra of untreated, mordanted and dyed wool yarn were investigated to study the interaction between fibre, mordant and dye. The structural morphology of wool yarn was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The susceptibility tests for R. emodi L. were carried out in terms of disc diffusion, growth curve and viability assays against all the tested microorganisms. Dyed samples showed very effective antimicrobial properties showing more than 90% microbial reduction in both bacterial as well as fungal population.
Present study was conducted with extracted natural dye from Acacia catechu. Cutch dye was used fo... more Present study was conducted with extracted natural dye from Acacia catechu. Cutch dye was used for dyeing on mordanted wool with eco-friendly mixed mordants (Iron and Tin). By using different permutations and combinations of mordants with cutch forty eight shades were developed. Fastness properties (light, wash and rub/crocking) were studied on these samples. The structural morphology of woollen yarn was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Woollen yarns have been dyed with colourant extracted from henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaves, in th... more Woollen yarns have been dyed with colourant extracted from henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaves, in the absence and presence of mixed metal mordants for producing shades of different colours ranging from orange-yellow to reddish brown. Thirty six shades with appreciable change in hue and tone were obtained by varying mordants combinations as well as dye concentrations and investigated for colour characteristics and fastness properties. The use of mixed mordants produces significant improvement in depth of shade with remarkable changes in colour parameters. Dyed woollen yarns, in general, showed acceptable fastness to light, washing and rubbing. No considerable difference in light and wash fastness values were observed between mordanted and un-mordanted samples, however rub fastness values were improved significantly after mordanting.
ABSTRACT Environmental issues inspire the revival of natural dyes that exhibit better biodegradab... more ABSTRACT Environmental issues inspire the revival of natural dyes that exhibit better biodegradability and more compatibility over synthetic ones. This research is aimed to investigate the effect of color and fastness properties on wool yarn substrate with natural anthraquinone colorants extracted from madder roots using gallnut (Quercus infectoria) extract as anchoring agent. Prior to the dyeing with Indian Madder (Rubia cordifolia), wool fibers were pre and post-treated with different concentrations of gallnut extract (viz 1–5% o.w.f) to get a broad range of beautiful and color fast shades. The feasibility of gallnut extract as an anchoring agent and its effect on color strength and color fastness to light, rubbing, and washing was investigated. Results of color characteristics showed that the color coordinates of the dyed samples were situated in the red-yellow quadrant of the CIELabcolor space. Bio-mordanting with gallnut extract produced shades of practically acceptable color depth, color fastness to light, washing and rubbing. Pre-treatment with gallnut extract is dominated over post-treatment in terms of better colorimetric and fastness results.
The dyeing of woollen yarn with lac as natural dye has been studied using ferrous sulphate, stann... more The dyeing of woollen yarn with lac as natural dye has been studied using ferrous sulphate, stannous chloride and their combination as mordants. Fifty four shades have been produced by using different mordants and varying the amount of dye. The hue of colour ranges from light orange – red – dark scarlet. The colour strength (K/S) has been found to be very good in dyed woollen yarn samples. Colour fastness values with respect to light exposure, washing, rubbing were obtained following standard methods. FTIR and SEM studies on dyed samples were also performed.
Among many diseases, allergy appears to be a serious problem for human beings. Various forms of a... more Among many diseases, allergy appears to be a serious problem for human beings. Various forms of allergic disorders make people tense, leading to some other health issues. Many medications, including nonracemic and racemic ones, are used to treat this problem. It is important to have exact analysis strategies just to see any medication side effects, plasma profiles, and working efficiency. Therefore, efforts are made to review simple and chiral HPLC methods for antiallergic drugs; HPLC is the best analytical technique. The highlights in this article include the world scenario, causes of allergy, the effect of allergy on the economy, the mechanism of allergy in humans, classes of antiallergic drugs, simple drugs, chiral drugs, analysis by HPLC, and the chiral recognition mechanism. Moreover, attempts are also made to highlight the management of allergies and future perspectives.
The field of nanoscience has evolved into a wide variety of successes over the past two decades a... more The field of nanoscience has evolved into a wide variety of successes over the past two decades and the emphasis on nanotechnology is to revolve around various dynamic fields, such as sensor, biomedical, and many useful applications. Advances in related fields are certainly due to the ability to synthesize nanoparticles from a variety of materials, structures, and to convert samples into complex nanoarchitectures. The promises of nanomedicine are broad. Graphene (Gr), the first 2-dimensional material to stand alone, is a type of new nanomaterial that leads to the excitement of natural biological applications. Number of researches has been conducted on applicability of GBNs in the area of environment, biomedical, and healthcare sectors. As compared to other nanomaterials, extraordinary properties of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) like high surface area, multilayers, multifunctional and excellent biocompatibility make them capable to play great roll of highly-tailored multifuncti...
In the present study, an attempt has been made to produce a variety of shades on wool fabric with... more In the present study, an attempt has been made to produce a variety of shades on wool fabric with Lacciac acid (lac natural dye) from red to brown. The study has been performed in various environments, such as acidic, neutral and alkaline medium using different metal salts as mordant, mostly eco-friendly that helped to produce faster shades of different hue and tones. An organized and unique effort has been presented here to develop with 5% of lac dye o.w.f (on weight of fabric) on wool fiber pretreated with seven sets of iron mordant in three different mediums namely acidic, neutral and alkaline to produce 21 shades. By varying the dye concentration, using 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, and 0.5% dye (o.w.f), 126 shades were produced in different hues and tones. Mechanism of dying has been proposed and it has been found that since iron has a strong tendency to form coordination complexes with chelating ligands such as dye molecules (Fig. 1) and therefore some coordination sites of iron remain unoc...
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of catechu in solution an... more The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of catechu in solution and % microbial reduction of dyed wool samples against Escherichia coli MTCC 443, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 902, Candida albicans ATCC 10261 and Candida tropicalis ATCC 750, by using micro-broth dilution method, disc diffusion assay and growth curve studies. The dye showed the maximum antimicrobial activity at 20% w/v, inhibiting the microbial growth by more than 90%. In the next set of the experiments the antimicrobial activity of the dye was compared on woollen yarn alone and on pre-mordanted samples. The reduction in antimicrobial activity was observed when mordanted samples were examined. K/S, CIELab values and fastness properties of the dyed samples were assessed. The structural morphology of woollen yarn was also evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Haemolytic activity on human erythrocytes was studied to exclude possibility of further associated cytotoxicity. The observed antimicrobial characteristics and negligible cytoxicity of catechu indicate that the dye might be a promising antimicrobial agent for developing bioactive textile materials and clothing.
This work is an attempt to examine the effect of Rheum emodi L. as dye and its dyed wool yarns ag... more This work is an attempt to examine the effect of Rheum emodi L. as dye and its dyed wool yarns against two bacterial (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungal (Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) species. The dyeing was carried out using 5% and 10% o.w.f. dye concentration in presence and absence of ferrous sulphate, stannous chloride and alum mordants. The colour strength, CIELab values and fastness properties of dyed samples were also assessed. FTIR spectra of untreated, mordanted and dyed wool yarn were investigated to study the interaction between fibre, mordant and dye. The structural morphology of wool yarn was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The susceptibility tests for R. emodi L. were carried out in terms of disc diffusion, growth curve and viability assays against all the tested microorganisms. Dyed samples showed very effective antimicrobial properties showing more than 90% microbial reduction in both bacterial as well as fungal population.
Present study was conducted with extracted natural dye from Acacia catechu. Cutch dye was used fo... more Present study was conducted with extracted natural dye from Acacia catechu. Cutch dye was used for dyeing on mordanted wool with eco-friendly mixed mordants (Iron and Tin). By using different permutations and combinations of mordants with cutch forty eight shades were developed. Fastness properties (light, wash and rub/crocking) were studied on these samples. The structural morphology of woollen yarn was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Woollen yarns have been dyed with colourant extracted from henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaves, in th... more Woollen yarns have been dyed with colourant extracted from henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaves, in the absence and presence of mixed metal mordants for producing shades of different colours ranging from orange-yellow to reddish brown. Thirty six shades with appreciable change in hue and tone were obtained by varying mordants combinations as well as dye concentrations and investigated for colour characteristics and fastness properties. The use of mixed mordants produces significant improvement in depth of shade with remarkable changes in colour parameters. Dyed woollen yarns, in general, showed acceptable fastness to light, washing and rubbing. No considerable difference in light and wash fastness values were observed between mordanted and un-mordanted samples, however rub fastness values were improved significantly after mordanting.
ABSTRACT Environmental issues inspire the revival of natural dyes that exhibit better biodegradab... more ABSTRACT Environmental issues inspire the revival of natural dyes that exhibit better biodegradability and more compatibility over synthetic ones. This research is aimed to investigate the effect of color and fastness properties on wool yarn substrate with natural anthraquinone colorants extracted from madder roots using gallnut (Quercus infectoria) extract as anchoring agent. Prior to the dyeing with Indian Madder (Rubia cordifolia), wool fibers were pre and post-treated with different concentrations of gallnut extract (viz 1–5% o.w.f) to get a broad range of beautiful and color fast shades. The feasibility of gallnut extract as an anchoring agent and its effect on color strength and color fastness to light, rubbing, and washing was investigated. Results of color characteristics showed that the color coordinates of the dyed samples were situated in the red-yellow quadrant of the CIELabcolor space. Bio-mordanting with gallnut extract produced shades of practically acceptable color depth, color fastness to light, washing and rubbing. Pre-treatment with gallnut extract is dominated over post-treatment in terms of better colorimetric and fastness results.
The dyeing of woollen yarn with lac as natural dye has been studied using ferrous sulphate, stann... more The dyeing of woollen yarn with lac as natural dye has been studied using ferrous sulphate, stannous chloride and their combination as mordants. Fifty four shades have been produced by using different mordants and varying the amount of dye. The hue of colour ranges from light orange – red – dark scarlet. The colour strength (K/S) has been found to be very good in dyed woollen yarn samples. Colour fastness values with respect to light exposure, washing, rubbing were obtained following standard methods. FTIR and SEM studies on dyed samples were also performed.
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