Papers by Ayodele Akinterinwa
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 4, 2023
Mineral exploration is a critical component of any economy, and comprehensive geoscience data of ... more Mineral exploration is a critical component of any economy, and comprehensive geoscience data of a location provides critical information about the location's mineral exploration potential. This study evaluates the mineral composition of the rocks and soil samples from the area covering the Sukur Hill in Madagali, to provide geoscience insight of the area. Untapped rock and soil samples were obtained from five locations and labeled as follows: Sukur east rock (SER), Sukur north rock (SNR), Sukur south rock (SSR), Sukur center rock (SCR) and Sukur west rock (SWR), as well as Sukur east soil (SES), Sukur north soil (SNS), Sukur south soil (SSS), Sukur center soil (SCS) and Sukur west soil (SWS) respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for the identification of solid minerals while X-ray florescence (XRF) was used for the analyses of the elemental oxides. Six minerals were found in the sample locations, according to the spectroscopic analysis. These include: albite, annite, kaolinite, microcline, orthoclase, and quartz. Quartz (36.6-100%) was recorded in all locations of the area, while annite (4%) and orthoclase (33%) were only recorded in SER and SCR respectively. The soil samples from the area shows the presence of albite, annite, kaolinite, microcline, montmorillonite, quartz, rutile, tremolite, zircon, phlogopite and calcite. The major and minor elemental oxides in rock samples studied follow the order SiO2 > Fe2O3 > Al2O3 > K2O > SO3 > CaO, and BaO > TiO2 > P2O5 > ZnO > MnO respectively, while the major and minor elemental oxides in soil samples follow the order SiO2 > Al2O3 > Fe2O3 > CaO > K2O > MgO > SO3, and P2O5 > TiO2 > BaO > Zr O2 > MnO > Rb2O, respectively. The elemental oxides recorded in this study compliments the minerals identified in the area. The overall results from this study makes valuable contributions to the mineral deposit assay of the area and this will provide handy information for future exploration.
Asian Journal of Current Research
The occurrence of emerging pollutants (EPs) is constantly reported around the world. Despite this... more The occurrence of emerging pollutants (EPs) is constantly reported around the world. Despite this, due to their large number, only a few of these compounds have been toxicologically evaluated. In this paper, the literature on EPs found in wastewater was reviewed from 1998 to 2021, with a focus on their occurrence, extraction, and detection methods. Pesticides, microplastics, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, per and polyfluoroalkyl substances were studied for their presence in wastewater in Africa, Oceania, North America, Asia, Europe and South America. The highest concentration of pesticides in wastewater was recorded in Africa (Cameroun) at concentration ranging from 2 to 2993 ng/L whilst the least was recorded in Europe (Spain) at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 1.94 ng/L; Pharmaceuticals and personal care products had the highest concentration in Africa (Egypt) at 70.6 to 119.4 mg/L whilst the least concentration was found at 0.1 to 646 ng/L in Africa (Tunisia); Pe...
Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
Surface waters are susceptible to hazardous pollution which may migrate with devastating health c... more Surface waters are susceptible to hazardous pollution which may migrate with devastating health challenges through the food chain to humans. This study evaluates the levels of heavy metals in water and Nile tilapia of Lake Eleyele. The physicochemical properties of water samples were determined using standardized methods, while heavy metals in both water and fish samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Water pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, and dissolved oxygen were within WHO and USEPA limits for potable water. Cu (0.028 – 0.112 mgL-1), Pb (0.002 – 0.009 mgL-1), and Zn (1.46 – 3.79 mgL-1) were below the maximum permissible limits by both WHO and USEPA, while cadmium, chromium, and nickel were not detected in the water samples. Cu (2.56 -3.54 mg/kg), Zn (22.93 – 32.13 mg/kg), and Ni (0.39 – 0.48 mg/kg), are within acceptable levels, while Cd and Cr were also not detected in the fish samples. However, Pb (1....
Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 2016
Polysaccharide has lately received a significant attention in the formulation of drug delivery sy... more Polysaccharide has lately received a significant attention in the formulation of drug delivery system based on the abundant availability, non-toxicity and the various ways its nature, structure and functionality can be modified. In this preliminary work on Konkoli (Maesopsis eminii) galactomannan (KG), it was modified by grafting with methacrylamide (MAAm) using ammonium persulphate (ASP) as initiator. The grafted galactomannan was then crosslinked using N, N-methylenebisacrylamide (N, N-MBAAm) to produce the hydrogel called konkoli grafted polymethylacrylamide (KG-g-poly (MAAm)). FTIR analyses confirm crosslinking and other changes in the functionality of KG-g-poly (MAAm) compared to KG. Swelling properties which are fundamental to the potential properties of any hydrogel as a drug delivery system were studied for KG-g-poly (MAAm) with varied amount of monomer (MAAm), crosslinker and pH with respect to time and temperature. There was a rapid rise followed by a dramatic fall in the swelling capacity with increase in both monomer and crosslinker concentration. The swelling capacity of KG-g-poly (MAAm) also improves as the pH of the medium was changed from acidic to alkaline. Generally, the swelling capacity of KG-g-poly (MAAm) increases with time and temperature of immersion. This result therefore encourages further studies as it presents KG-g-poly (MAAm) potentials in such application as insulin delivery system.
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2014
This work reports the application of tannin obtained from Anogeissus leiocarpus plant and its use... more This work reports the application of tannin obtained from Anogeissus leiocarpus plant and its use in formulation of a thermosetting material for domestic and industrial use. The ploy condensation of tannin with formaldehyde produced a thermosetting resin with useful properties; formaldehyde (10.5 ml), tannin (2.5 g), glycerol (0.6 ml), hexamine (5.5 g), pH 7.5 and temperature 60 °C. Gel viscosity and effect of temperature on gel time were determined. Absorption behaviour of the films from the thermosetting material formulated under aqueous, acid and basic conditions were investigated. Water absorption up to 90% was obtained between 1 to 3 hrs. Perhaps due to differences in chain topology of the material formulated related to the molecular size holes in the polymer structure which depends on the morphology and crosslink density of the material. No acid absorption was observed after 12 hrs indicating that cross-linking reaction was still taking place in the solution.
Cashew nut (Anacardium L.), Red beans (Vignaaguiculata L.), Baobab seed ( Adanosiadigitata L.), S... more Cashew nut (Anacardium L.), Red beans (Vignaaguiculata L.), Baobab seed ( Adanosiadigitata L.), Soya bean (Glycine max L.), Tiger nut (Cyperusesculentus L.), White bambara nut (Vignasubsterranea L.), Kampala groundnut (Arachishypogaea L.), white bean (Vignaaguiculata L.), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and Maize (Zee mays L.) were analyzed for the presence of hydrogen cyanide in the form of cyanogenicglucoside. Qualitative analysis showed that all the samples studied contain hydrogen cyanide in form of cyanogenicglucosides. FTIR analysis also shows that all the samples have nitrile CN functional group within the range of 2280-2240 cm -1 absorption band, confirming the presence of the cyanide in the samples. Quantitative analysis was carried out on both distill water and methanol cyanide extracts using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The least and highest concentration obtained for the distill water extract were in baobab seed (130±1 mg/kg) and cashew nut (300±1.58 mg/kg), while methanol ext...
Journal of the Indian Chemical Society
Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Apr 25, 2019
This work evaluates some surfactant properties of Balanites aegyptiaca roots and back. Percentage... more This work evaluates some surfactant properties of Balanites aegyptiaca roots and back. Percentage crude extract yield of 73 and 69.1 % was obtained for the roots and bark respectively. The crude extracts were characterized using fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the absorption bands indicates the presence of saponins (with widely reported surfactant activities) in the extracts. The foam capacity of these extracts and the surface tension of their solutions were investigated, and these properties were compared with those of a commercial surfactant OMO (a detergent, product of Lever Brothers Nigeria). The extracts exhibits better foam capability compared to the commercial surfactant, while the surface tension of their solutions are only comparable with that of the commercial surfactant at low concentration. Further purification and modifications may however improve the lagging properties of the crude surfactant, thereby presenting it as a sustainable source of an en...
Journal of Modern Materials, 2020
Rice husk particles categorised as fine (size ≤ 0.6 mm), and coarse (0.6 mm ≤ size ≤ 1.8 mm) were... more Rice husk particles categorised as fine (size ≤ 0.6 mm), and coarse (0.6 mm ≤ size ≤ 1.8 mm) were mixed with a binder obtained by recycling expanded polystyrene waste, to formulate composites. Formulation was carried out using different particles to binder ratios as follows: 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2). Fine particle composites were designated F1:1, F1:1.5 and F1:2, while the coarse particle composites were designated C1:1, C1:1.5 and C1:2. The composites were casted, and some physical properties such as: dry/cure time in air (72±4 h - 168±6 h), density (0.48±0.04 g/dm3 – 2.75±0.08 g/dm3), water absorption (2.24±0.46 % - 58.91±1.11 %) and thickness swelling (1.43±0.06 % – 22.65±1.23 %), flammability tests and SEM images of the composite panels obtained were evaluated. Results showed that: dry time and density increased, water absorption and thickness swelling decreased while flammability increased (ignition time decreased and propagation rate increased), as the amount of the recycled polystyre...
The studies and manipulations of the coordination chemistry of bioactive organic ligands has been... more The studies and manipulations of the coordination chemistry of bioactive organic ligands has been a promising means of pharmaceutical innovations. In this study, metal (II) complexes of sulfadoxine (SDX) were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical, IR and electronic spectroscopies. The complexes were formulated as [M(SDX) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] (M = Cd(II)/Cu(II)/Zn(II)), [M(SDX) 2 Cl 2 ] (M = Ni(II)/Co(II)/Mn(II)). They were insoluble in water, which is an indication of covalent and non-electrolytic character. Their spectroscopic data indicated that sulfadoxine ligand acted as a bidentate chelating agent showing a coordination either via the prymidine nitrogen and the nitrogen of the SO 2 NH moiety as in the case for Cu(II), or via the prymidine nitrogen and the amino nitrogen of the terminal NH 2 group as in the case for Ni(II), Cd(II), and Co(II). The complexes formed are inferred to assume a six coordinate octahedral geometry while Zn(II) and Mn(II) complexes exhibit tetrahedra...
Polyurethane foam is flammable. Incorporating flame retardants in the material minimize this prop... more Polyurethane foam is flammable. Incorporating flame retardants in the material minimize this property and hence combustion susceptibility. Here, we developed a flame retardant as we synthesis a nanocomposite from polylactic acid (PLA) and kaolin. This was incorporate into flexible polyurethane foam. FTIR of incorporated foam shows peaks at 1099.26 cm-1 and 1267.51 cm-1 attributable to oxysilicane (Si-O-) and organosilicone (Si-C) respectively, suggesting an interaction between the foam and the nanocomposite. SEM was used to present the morphology of the foam formed, while the effect of the nanocomposite on the flame characteristics of polyurethane was studied at varying amount for optimum effect. The results showed that the flame propagation rate, flame duration, and after glow of foams formed decrease while ignition time and char formation increases with increase in the amount of PLA/kaolin nanocomposite incorporated. These results potentially presents PLA/kaolin nanocomposite as a...
This study evaluated the bioactive components of G. kola seeds extract to further establish its m... more This study evaluated the bioactive components of G. kola seeds extract to further establish its medicinal potentials. Extracts were obtained using different solvents thus; ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, cold and hot water. Phytochemical (quantitative) screening showed that saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, tanins, glycoside and alkaloids are present in the G. kola extracts: however, the quantities vary with regards to the extraction solvent used. The highest quantity of phenols (35.63±0.06 mg/g) was found in the ethyl acetate extract and this is attributed to higher antibacterial efficacy of the extract, as reported in previous study. Further studies on structural elucidation of the ethyl acetate extract using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) showed the presence of eighteen (18) chemical compounds including; 9-Octadecadienoic acid, p-Coumaric acid and gallic acid, which have been reported to have good antibacterial potentials. Keywords: Antibacterial, chemic...
chemistry and materials research, 2015
Dimethylol urea (DMU) with reduced formaldehyde emission was synthesized in this work and copolym... more Dimethylol urea (DMU) with reduced formaldehyde emission was synthesized in this work and copolymerized by blending with polystyrene (PS) obtained by constituting waste expanded polystyrene into liquid form. The determined physical properties of the copolymer composite (i.e. DMU/PS) compared to the pure DMU revealed improvements in its disadvantageous properties such as hardness and moisture uptake. Paint samples were formulated using the pure DMU, DMU/PS and commercially obtained acrylic PVA binder resin, and analyzed. While the DMU/PS and APVA paints passed, the pure DMU failed such critical coating tests as flexibility, adhesion and blistering. Again, the DMU/PS and PVA paints show good chemical resistance while the DMU paint blisters in the alkaline medium. However, all paint samples passed tackiness, opacity and stability, and exhibit acceptable pH, viscosity, and drying time. Keywords: Dimethylol urea, Polystyrenes, Copolymer composite, Emulsion paint
Sorption of Fe 3+ , Mn 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Cu 2+ by immobilized Ficus sycomorus leaves (IFSL) in aqu... more Sorption of Fe 3+ , Mn 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Cu 2+ by immobilized Ficus sycomorus leaves (IFSL) in aqueous solution was studied in this work. The sorption capacity (in percentage) was calculated with respect to the remnant ion concentration, determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and these were obtained for the metal ions as follows; Fe 3+ : 99.84±0.0015%, Mn 2+ : 99.97±0.0005%, Zn 2+ : 84.10±0.0094% andCu 2+ : 94.32±0.0033%. Some conditions that influence the sorption capacity of metal ions such as; pH, contact time, ionic strength, and initial metal ion concentration were also investigated. Results show that metal ion uptake by the biosorbent decreased with increase in ionic strength while increase in initial metal ion concentration led to increase in metal ion uptake. Maximum sorption was found to occur at pH of 5.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 5.0 for Fe 3+ , Mn 2+ , Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ respectively. The ability of the IFSL to remove these metal ions from aqueous solution is encoura...
This work evaluates some surfactant properties of Balanites aegyptiaca roots and back. Percentage... more This work evaluates some surfactant properties of Balanites aegyptiaca roots and back. Percentage crude extract yield of 73 and 69.1 % was obtained for the roots and bark respectively. The crude extracts were characterized using fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the absorption bands indicates the presence of saponins (with widely reported surfactant activities) in the extracts. The foam capacity of these extracts and the surface tension of their solutions were investigated, and these properties were compared with those of a commercial surfactant OMO (a detergent, product of Lever Brothers Nigeria). The extracts exhibits better foam capability compared to the commercial surfactant, while the surface tension of their solutions are only comparable with that of the commercial surfactant at low concentration. Further purification and modifications may however improve the lagging properties of the crude surfactant, thereby presenting it as a sustainable source of an en...
Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 2020
Rock samples from six locations namely: Wataldi, Teuta, Kubta, Gumta, Dumneza and Wazo, within Wa... more Rock samples from six locations namely: Wataldi, Teuta, Kubta, Gumta, Dumneza and Wazo, within Waltadi district of Song Local government, Adamawa State, Nigeria, were studied qualitatively and quantitatively using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) respectively. Results obtained showed the presence of minerals including: Quartz, albite, rutile, sylvine, barite, chalcopyrite, kaonilite, anatase, stolzite, marshitecovellite and fluorannite. The major elemental oxides obtained includes: silicon oxide (SiO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), ferric oxide (Fe2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), Magnesium oxide (MgO), potassium oxide (K2O), sodium oxide(Na2O) and sulfur trioxide. Minor oxides were also obtained, where lead, cerium, indium, vanadium, titanium, and barium were found in trace amounts except in Teuta, where barium oxide and titanium oxide were recorded in relatively higher percentages. The highest loss on ignition (LOI) values were recorded in Dumne-za and...
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Papers by Ayodele Akinterinwa