DEDICATION

This present work was carried out with a lot of effort and dedication.
That is why this work is dedicated to a beautiful and hard-working
woman who is my mother, who is always supporting me with her
motivation and guidance to move forward and complete my career.
It is also addressed to my beloved God who does not let go of my
hands, always guides me and enlightens me so as not to deviate from
my goal of being a good professional, thank you God for all things.
 INDEX
I. INTRODUCTION
II. LITERARY REVIEW
2.1. THE SIMPLE PRESENT
2.1.1. As its name indicates, the present simple is used to talk about
the present, mainly in 4 cases:
2.1.2. How to Use the Present Simple
2.2. PRESENT SIMPLE AFFIRMATIVE
2.2. PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATIVE
2.3. PRESENT SIMPLE INTERROGATIVE
2.4. HOW AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES ARE
FORMED IN THE SIMPLE PRESENT

III. CONCLUSION
IV. BIBLIOGRAPHY
V. ANNEX
 I. INTRODUCTION
The present simple or the present simple are part of the verb tenses of
English and with this article you will learn how to use it appropriately in
different situations. You will find how they are made up (structure),
what their main uses are, the correct way to conjugate English verbs in
the simple present, clear examples and some exceptional cases that
will make your communication more natural and precise.
First of all, English has a fixed structure. That is, all the sentences you
say will have the same number of elements and following the same
order. However, this rule does not hold when you use the present
simple affirmative in English. Nor with the past simple, by the way.
To form a negative sentence in the simple present we need to use the
auxiliary do and does plus the negative not and the infinitive verb.
Examples ✓Most children do not like vegetables. ✓The president does
not wear informal clothes in important meetings. Do- when talking
about I, you, we, they.
To form questions in the simple present tense in English with any verb
we must use the following structure: AUX DO – SUBJECT – BASE
VERB – COMPLEMENT –? The auxiliary verb DO is responsible for
giving the meaning of a question to the sentence, as it is placed at the
beginning of it.

II. LITERARY REVIEW

 2.1. THE SIMPLE PRESENT
It is one of the verb tenses in English. Its correct use is very
important because it is used for multiple situations, which you can
find a little further down.

II.1.1. As its name indicates, the present simple is used to talk about
the present, mainly in 4 cases:
• Actions that occur regularly
• Proven facts or permanent actions
• Talk about actions in the future that will occur very soon or at a
certain time.
• To give instructions.
2.1.2. How to Use the Present Simple
1. Shape
The first step in constructing sentences in this verb tense (and in all others) is to
define who will be the subject of the sentence.
That is, you have to be clear about who will be talked about, for which a subject is
chosen:
 He → Él
 She → Ella
 It → Eso
 I → Yo
 You → Tú
 We → Nosotros
 They → Ellos
One factor to take into account here is that when talking about singular persons
(he/she/it), an -s must be added to the end of the verb.

Por ejemplo:
 She plays tennis every Saturday and they play soccer every sunday.
Ella juega tenis todos los sábados y ellos juegan fútbol todos los domingos.

2. Structure
At the same time, there are different structures to put together sentences using the
simple present: affirmative, negative and question.
Affirmation
Subject + Verb + Predicate
Por ejemplo:
 He thinks his best friend is lying.
El piensa que su mejor amigo está mintiendo.
 We watch that show every sunday.
Nosotros miramos ese programa todos los domingos.
Denial
Subject + Negative Auxiliary Verb (do not / does not) + Main Verb
Infinitive + Predicate
Por ejemplo:
 Camille doesn’t like popcorn, so we didn’t buy any.
A Camille no le gustan las palomitas de maíz, así que no compramos
 Carlos is not very happy, you should talk to him.
Carlos no está muy feliz, deberías hablar con él.
As you can see, in the last example the above structure is not fulfilled
because the main verb of the sentence is the verb to be, so only the
particle “not” is added to turn it into a negation.
Questions
Auxiliary Verb (to be) + Subject + Main Verb Infinitive
Por ejemplo:
 Does Annie believe in ghosts?
¿Annie cree en fantasmas?
 Do you like pasta?
¿Te gusta la pasta?

When talking about infinitive verbs, we are referring to verbs that are
not conjugated, so they remain unchanged.
3. Uses
 Actions that occur regularly
Unlike Spanish, the present simple is not used to talk about actions
that are happening at the same moment, but for those that occur
regularly.
Por ejemplo:
 Philip eats rice everyday.
Felipe come arroz todos los días.
 We go to the club every saturday.
Nosotros vamos al club todos los sábados.
 Hechos comprobados o acciones permanentes
At the same time, the present simple is used for statements that are
conventionally true or considered permanent.
Por ejemplo:
 My grandmother lives in Chicago.
Mi abuela vive en Chicago.
 Talk about actions in the future that will occur very soon or at a
certain time
If you have an appointment scheduled and need to tell someone, then
the present simple can be your best ally.
Por ejemplo:‍
 The train leaves every day at 4 PM.
El tren sale todos los días a las 4 PM.
 To give instructions
And if you are looking for an example in real life where you can find
this verb tense, it is in cooking recipes or instruction manuals, since the
imperative, or command, mood uses the present simple.
Por ejemplo:
Boil 1L of water and add it to the mix.
Hierva 1L de agua y agréguelo a la mezcla.

2.2. PRESENT SIMPLE AFFIRMATIVE

In general, when you talk about habits, routines, things that are true or
permanent states, you do so with The Present Simple Affirmative in
English. In fact, it is the verb tense that allows you to give general
information about yourself, another person or anything that comes to
mind.

2.2. PRESENT SIMPLE NEGATIVE

To use the present simple in the negative with any verb that is different
from to be, we use the auxiliary don't or doesn't, normally contracted: I
don't want that. I don't want that. We don't vote.

2.3. PRESENT SIMPLE INTERROGATIVE

When we use interrogative words, such as “where”, “when”, “what”,
etc., these words come before “do/does”: The following are some
examples: Where do you work? (Where do you work?). What have I
done? (What does he do?).

2.4. HOW AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE

SENTENCES ARE FORMED IN THE SIMPLE PRESENT
How is the structure of the present simple to form sentences:

Afirmativa Sujeto + verbo + complemento

AFFIRMATIVE Subject + verb + complement

Negativa Sujeto + auxiliar hace/no hace + verbo + complemento

NEGATIVE Subject + auxiliary do/does not + verb + complement

Interrogativa Auxiliar hacer/hace + sujeto + verbo + complemento

INTERROGATIVE Auxiliary do/does + subject + verb + complement
2.5. EXAMPLES OF PRESENT SIMPLE AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE,
INTERROGATIVE QUESTION
a) AFFIRMATIVE
1. Voy a la escuela

2. Yo trabajo en la oficina de correos

3. Escribe bonitas cartas.

4. Él está cantando

5. Ellas irán al cine

6. Nos gusta comer en ese restaurante

7. Ella viene a mi casa.

8. Viajan mucho.

9. Me gustan los coches.

10. Los niños son las mejores.

b) NEGATIVE

1. I don't like to eat vegetables 1. No me gusta comer verduras

2. You don't look good today 2. No te ves bien hoy
3. She is not happy
3. Ella no es feliz
4. He doesn't go to school anymore
4. Ya no va a la escuela
5. We don't like movies
5. No nos gustan las películas
6. They are not coming
6. No vienen
7. People in that country don't
eatmeat. 7. La gente de ese país no come carne.

8. We are not moving to Chile 8. No nos mudamos a Chile

9. I am not her sister 9. No soy su hermana

10. You are not her mother. 10. No eres su madre.

 c) INTERROGATIVA:

1. How much does this cost? 1. ¿Cuánto cuesta esto?

2. How old are you? 2. ¿Cuántos años tienes?

3. Why she is not coming? 3. ¿Por qué no viene?

4. When is this starting? 4. ¿Cuándo comienza esto?

5. Where is the restaurant locate? 5. ¿Dónde está ubicado el

restaurante?
6. What is that?
6. ¿Qué es eso?
7.who is that man?
7.¿Quién es ese hombre?
8. how many radios do you need?
8. ¿Cuántas radios necesitas?
9.how are you getting there?
9. ¿Cómo vas a llegar allí?
10. how many questions do you
need. 10. ¿Cuántas preguntas necesitas?
 III. CONCLUSION

The present simple or present indefinite, is a verbal tense in English equivalent to the present
indicative in Spanish.

That is, it is the same as saying “I play, “you dance, “he sings”, etc. And the first ones that are
usually taught in English are the verb to be and the verb to have, which form the basis for
constructing sentences in the language.

The simple present serves to indicate habits and routines, permanent emotions, general facts and
actions or situations that are repeated. It is also used to deny them or ask about them. In addition,
it is useful for us to indicate activities that are scheduled.

To use the present simple in the negative with any verb that is different from to be, we use the
auxiliary don't or doesn't, normally contracted: I don't want that. I don't want that. We don't vote.

Interrogative Sentences are those that we use to ask or interrogate. They go between question
marks, one at the beginning of the sentence and another at the end of it. Do you like ice cream?
What are you looking for? They can be questions to answer yes or no, which we call closed
questions: Are you okay? Are you going to the market?
 IV. BIBLIOGRAFÍA
 https://www.poliglota.org/post/que-es-el-presente-simple-
en-ingles-y-como-usarlo
 https://www.britishcouncil.co/blog/aprende-ingles/
present-simple
 https://www.ringteacher.com/materiales-didacticos/
tiempos-verbales-ingles-presente/presente-simple-
negativo-ingles/
 https://es.scribd.com/document/383055904/10-
Oraciones-Afirmativas-y-10-Negativas-y-10-
Interrogativas-en-Presente-Simple-en-Ingles-y-
Espanol
V. ANEXO