Examen Ordinario Termoquimica - Emmanuel Gonzalez Flores

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Datos de las corrientes de agua líquida:

Ti ci hi
i [°C ] [kJ/kg °C] [kJ/kg]
1 65 4.185 272.025
2 28 4.18 117.04
3 12 4.20 50.4
ṁ1 = 3.5 [kg/s]

Datos de las corrientes de aire


𝑚 ̇_𝑎=(𝑚 ̇_1 (ℎ_1−ℎ_2 ))/[(ℎ_5−ℎ_4 )−
P= 74 [kPa] (𝜔_5−𝜔_4 ) ℎ_3 ]
R= 8.3145 [kJ/kmol K]
Corriente: [4] [5] ṁa = 5.41 [kga/s]
T [°C] = 15 32
j= 68% 100%
𝑚 ̇_3=𝑚 ̇_𝑎 (𝜔_5−𝜔_4 )
w [kgv/kga] = 0.0099 0.0430
ha [kJ/kga] = 15.1 32.2 ṁ3 = 0.18 [kgl/s]
hv [kJ/kgv] = 2528.2 2559.14
h [kJ/kga] = 40.22 142.23
Pv,sat [kPa] = 1.7129 4.7870

Respuestas:
a) El flujo masico de aire a la entrada es d
ṁa = 5.41
b) Agua de reposición:
ṁ3 = 0.18
de aire a la entrada es de:
[kga/s]

[kgl/s]
Datos iniciales:
P= 74 [kPa] TBg = 30 [°C] EA =
R= 8.3145 [KJ/kmol K] Ta = 15 [°C] j=
T0 = 298 [K] Tgc = 427 [°C]
P0 = 100 [kPa] Tgc = 700 [K]
Vgn = 400 [m3/d] Ṅgn = 11.74 [kmol/d]
0.0046 [m /s]
3
Entrada
i Sustancia PMi nij Ṅi°
[kgi/kmol] 1 2 3 [kmol/d]
1 CH4 16 -1 0 0 7.986
2 H2 2 0 -1 0 0.211
3 H2S 34 0 0 -1 0.799
72.784
N2 28 0 0 0
4 0.141
5 CO2 44 1 0 0 2.466
1.468
6 H2O 18 2 1 1
0.141
7 SO2 64 0 0 1 0.000
8 O2 32 -2 -0.5 -1.5 19.348
PMGN = 23.02 [kg/kmol] PMa = 28.97 [kg/kmol]
rGN = 0.6758 [kg/m3]

Balance de cantidad de materia: ej --- avance de reacción [kmol/tiempo]


Ṅi,sal = Ṅi,ent + Snijej
Sustituyendo números: Cálculo del avance de reacción
N1,sal = N1,ent - e1 N1,sal = N1,ent - e1 = 0 (para los tres combustibles)

N2,sal = N2,ent - e2 e1 = 7.986 [kmol/d]


N3,sal = N3,ent - e3 e2 = 0.211 [kmol/d]
N4,sal = N4,ent e3 = 0.799 [kmol/d]
N5,sal = N5,ent + e1 Cálculo del oxígeno en el aire:
N6,sal = N6,ent + 2e1 + e3 + e3 N8,sal = N8,ent,teo - 2e1 -0.5 e3 -1.5 e3 =0
N7,sal = N7,ent + e3 N8,ent,teo = 17.275 [kmol/d]
N8,sal = N8,ent - 2e1 -0.5 e3 -1.5 e3 N8,ent = N8,ent,gn + N8,ent,a
N8,ent,teo = N8,ent,gn + N8,ent,a,teo
Masa de combustible: N8,ent,a,teo = 17.275 [kmol/d]
i Sustancia ṁi N8,ent,a = 19.348 [kmol/d]
[kgi/d] Cálculo del nitrógeno en el aire:
1 CH4 127.77 N4,ent,a = 72.784 [kmol/d]
2 H2 0.42 Cálculo del agua en el aire:
3 H2S 27.15 ṁa = 2657.080 [kga/d]
4 N2 3.95 Pv,sat = 1.7129 [kPa]
5 CO2 108.51 Pa = 72.84 [kPa]
6 H2O 2.54 w= 0.0099 [kgv/kga]
ṁgn = 270.34 ṁv = 26.42 [kgv/d]
Ṅ6,ent = 1.468 [kmol/d]
Moles totales de aire:
Ṅa = 93.600 [kmol/d]

ℎ_𝑖=ℎ_(𝑓,𝑖)^0+
288.15 303.15 298.15 700.15
i Sustancia h°f,i hi,T [kJ/kmol]
[kJ/kmol] 15 30 25 427
* 1 CH4 -74,840 10,313.42 10,849.59 10,669.97 29,327.71
* 2 H2 0 8,179.71 8,638.31 8,468.00 20,218.50
* 3 H2S -20,150 10380.54 10897.73 10725.26 25375.90
* 4 N2 0 8,378.16 8,814.60 8,669.00 20,604.00
* 5 CO2 -393,500 8,995.20 9,549.40 9,364.00 27,125.00
* 6 H2O -285,400 9,564.02 10,071.84 9,904.00 24,088.00
* 7 SO2 -296,900 9594.59 10192.09 9991.97 28549.53
* 8 O2 0 8,388.70 8,828.60 8,682.00 21,184.00

Regresiones para entalpías:


Dióxido de Azufre (SO2)
T [K] Dh hi
200 -3736 -3730.74
240 -2258 -2258.55
260 -1496 -1497.71
280 -718 -720.91 SO2
298.15 0 -2.51 35000
300 74 71.43
30000
320 881 878.89
f(x) = − 8.58072527865868E-06 x³ + 0.0266334402889902 x²
340 1702 1701.08 25000 R² = 0.99999991105656
20000

15000

10000
35000

30000
f(x) = − 8.58072527865868E-06 x³ + 0.0266334402889902 x²
25000 R² = 0.99999991105656
360 2538 2537.56 20000
380 3387 3387.94
15000
400 4250 4251.81
420 5126 5128.74 10000
440 6015 6018.33 5000
460 6917 6920.16
480 7831 7833.83 0
100 200 300 400 500 6
500 8758 8758.92 -5000
550 11123 11118.91
-10000
600 13544 13541.28
650 16022 16019.58
700 18548 18547.40
750 21117 21118.28
800 23721 23725.80
850 26369 26363.51
CH4
900 29023 29024.99
950 31714 31703.79
30000
Metano (CH4): 25000 f(x) = − 5.735540897841E-08 x⁴ + 0.000111730968694 x³ − 0
+ 3927.05078076623
T [K] h R² = 0.999999998699023
111.51 8190.8 8190.85 20000
200 11209 11208.80
15000
300 14663 14663.37
400 18475 18474.63 10000
500 22831 22831.18
5000
600 27784 27783.96
0
0 100 200 300

H2S
Sulfuro de Hidrogeno (H2S)
40000

T [K] h 35000 f(x) = − 1.8328874668273E-08 x⁴ + 4.0007389663093E-05 x³ −


212.6 18615 18611.8856 + 10836.3103294734
30000 R² = 0.999999948542109
300 21640 21625.37087
400 25146 25105.55638 25000
500 28794 28687.75789
20000
600 32611 32396.0354
700 36607 36206.44891 15000

10000

5000

0
100 200 300 400 50
288.15 303.15 700.15
i Sustancia s°i,T [kJ/kmol×K] si,T [kJ/kmol×K]
15 30 427 15 30 427
1 CH4 --- 78.62 112.76 --- 84.335 ---
2 H2 --- 131.04 --- --- 166.946 ---
3 H2S --- 65.02 --- --- 89.879 ---
4 N2 190.50 191.98 216.75 157.355 231.257 222.272
5 CO2 --- 214.29 250.66 --- 229.770 272.334
6 H2O 187.50 189.20 218.61 186.812 228.477 235.496
7 SO2 --- --- 106.35 --- --- 149.407
8 O2 204.02 --- 231.35 181.891 --- 266.475

SS =
𝑆_𝑔𝑒𝑛=𝑆_𝑠𝑎𝑙−𝑆_𝑒𝑛𝑡+𝑄_𝑠𝑎𝑙/𝑇_𝑎𝑙𝑟

Sgen =

𝑋_𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑡=𝑇_0 𝑆_𝑔𝑒𝑛=𝑊_𝑟𝑒𝑣 Xdest =

Dióxido de Azufre (SO2)


T [K] Dh hi si
200 -3736 -3730.74 233 232.9585375
240 -2258 -2258.55 239 239.6489829
260 -1496 -1497.71 242.8 242.7543264 350
280 -718 -720.91 245.8 245.7163777
298.15 0 -2.51 248.2 248.2904813 300
f(x) = − 1.243903013622
300 74 71.43 248.5 248.5471272 + 186.319400158311
320 881 878.89 251.1 251.2581812 250 R² = 0.999940453600728
340 1702 1701.08 253.6 253.8607622
360 2538 2537.56 256 256.3657085 200
380 3387 3387.94 258.2 258.7834746
400 4250 4251.81 260.4 261.1241309 150

420 5126 5128.74 262.5 263.3973637


100
440 6015 6018.33 264.6 265.6124755
460 6917 6920.16 266.6 267.7783846
50
480 7831 7833.83 268.5 269.9036255
500 8758 8758.92 270.5 271.9963486 0
550 11123 11118.91 274.9 277.1359126 100 200 3
600 13544 13541.28 279.2 282.2305802
650 16022 16019.58 283.1 287.3762013
700 18548 18547.40 286.9 292.6536259
750 21117 21118.28 290.4 298.128704
800 23721 23725.80 293.8 303.8522856
850 26369 26363.51 297 309.8602207
900 29023 29024.99 300.1 316.1733593
950 31714 31703.79 303 322.7975514

160

140
f(x) = − 1.192462627207
Metano (CH4): + 29.2834112503
120
T [K] h s R² = 0.99998456008513
111.51 8190.8 8190.85 73.456 73.47210434 100
200 11209 11208.80 93.427 93.35775534
300 14663 14663.37 107.41 107.5400326 80

400 18475 18474.63 118.34 118.2125614 60


500 22831 22831.18 128.03 128.09309
600 27784 27783.96 137.05 137.0374563 40

20

0
0 100

Sulfuro de Hidrogeno (H2S)

T [K] h s 140
212.6 18615 18611.8856 87.55 87.60999761
f(x) = − 3.272657155157
300 21640 21625.37087 99.486 99.68727459 120 + 35.038830962243
400 25146 25105.55638 109.56 110.2921958 R² = 0.99999758446116
500 28794 28687.75789 117.7 119.366837 100
600 32611 32396.0354 124.65 128.1963982
700 36607 36206.44891 130.81 137.3460794 80

60

40

20

0
100 200
j Reacciónes
1 CH4 + 2O2 ® CO2 + 2H2O
2 H2 + 1/2 O2 ® H2O
3 H2S + 3/2 O2 ® SO2 + H2O

Respuestas:
a) Composición de gases de combustión:
69.6% N2
10.0% CO2
17.7% H2O
0.8% SO2
2.0% O2

b) Relación Aire-Combustible:
Condiciones de solución: AC = 9.83 [kga/kgc]
0.12 - Combustión completa.
0.68 - Gas ideal. c) Tasa de transferencia de calor
- Estado estacionario. Qsal = 72.07 [kW]

d) Entropía generada:
Entrada Salida Sgen = 0.33 [kW/K]
xi° Ṅi xi
[kmol/d] e) Exergía destruída
0.680 0 Xdest = 97.7 [kW]
0.018 0
0.068 0
0.778
72.925 0.696
0.012
0.210 10.452 0.100
0.016
18.590 0.177
0.012
0.000 0.799 0.008
0.207 2.073 0.020
Ṅgc = 104.838
𝐻=∑▒ 〖𝑁 ̇ _𝑖∙ℎ_𝑖 〗
ℎ_𝑖=ℎ_(𝑓,𝑖)^0+(ℎ_(𝑖,𝑇)−ℎ_𝑖^0)

hi,ent hi,sal Hi,ent Hi,sal


[kJ/mol] [kJ/mol] [kJ] [kJ]
-74,660.378146201 --- -596207.0 ---
170.31 --- 36.0 ---
-19,977.53 --- -15953.2 ---
145.6 11,935.0 -21148.0 870360.0925
-393,314.6 -375,739.0 -969967.9 -3927121
-285,232.16 -271,216.0 -459657.3 -5041912.2
-- -278,342.4 -- -222272.817
-293.30 12,502.0 -5674.7 25916.20545
-2,068,572.2 -8295029.72
Qsal 6,226,457.6

SO2

6 x³ + 0.0266334402889902 x² + 26.3352561412397 x − 9994.4801560853


6 x³ + 0.0266334402889902 x² + 26.3352561412397 x − 9994.4801560853

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

CH4

⁴ + 0.000111730968694 x³ − 0.051178034925816 x² + 42.6339625096853 x

0 300 400 500 600 700

H2S

+ 4.0007389663093E-05 x³ − 0.023511198721999 x² + 39.955995115604 x

400 500 600 700 800


Sent Ssal
[kJ/K] [kJ/K]
673.46 ---
35.29 ---
71.77 ---
11485.54 16,209.16
566.64 2,846.36
306.43 4,377.87
--- 119.31
3519.17 552.39

16,658.32 24,105.10

28,340.93 [kJ/K d]

8,445,598 [kJ/d]

Chart Title
50

00
f(x) = − 1.2439030136225E-10 x⁴ + 3.57777193864606E-07 x³ − 0.00041759932945767 x² + 0.303203546798423 x
+ 186.319400158311
50 R² = 0.999940453600728

00

50

00

50

0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Entropia
160

140
f(x) = − 1.19246262720729E-09 x⁴ + 2.12240571264459E-06 x³ − 0.00142979811725145 x² + 0.530974816398827 x
120 + 29.2834112503
R² = 0.999984560085133
100

80

60

40

20

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Chart Title
40

f(x) = − 3.27265715515755E-10 x⁴ + 7.54220488842194E-07 x³ − 0.000690554042761994 x² + 0.36288301210226 x


20 + 35.038830962243
R² = 0.999997584461168
00

80

60

40

20

0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Datos iniciales:

Tm = 25 [°C] EA =
Ta = 15 [°C] j=

Tgc = 1077 [K]

298 288 1077


i Sustancia PMi nij h°f,i hi,T [kJ/kmol]
[kgi/kmol] 1 [kJ/kmol] 25 15 804
1 CH4 16 -1 -74,840 10,664.60 10,308.10 48,965.09

N2 28 0 0 8669 8378.16 7551


2
3 CO2 44 1 -393,500 9,364.00 8,995.20 9575
4 H2O 18 2 -285400 9904 9564.02 8768

6 O2 32 -2 0 8,682.00 8,388.70 7696


j Reacción
1 CH4 + 2O2 ® CO2 + 2H2O

0.15
0.68

1077
hi [kJ/kmol] s°i,T [kJ/kmol×K]
15 804 15 804
-95,812.69 -36,539.51 112.76 -39.58

-17,047.16 -1,118.00 190.5


-411,859.2 -393,289.00 211.37

-285,739.98 -286,536.00 187.5


-293.30 -986.00 204.02

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