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CAPITULO VI
PRODUCTOS Y COCIENTES NOTABLES
Ejercicio 68

Miscelanea

Escribir, por simple inspección, el resultado de:

1.

2 2 2
(x + 2) = (x) + 2 (x) (2) + (2)
= x2 + 4x + 4

2.

2
(x + 2) (x + 3) = (x) + (2 + 3) (x) + (2 × 3)
= x2 + 5x + 6

3.

2 2
(x + 1) (x − 1) = (x) − (1)
= x2 − 1

4.

2 2 2
(x − 1) = (x) − 2 (x) (1) + (1)
= x2 − 2x + 1

5.

2
(n + 3) (n + 5) = (n) + (3 + 5) (n) + [3 × 5]
= n2 + 8n + 15

6.

2 2
(m − 3) (m + 3) = (m) − (3)
= m2 − 9

7.

(a + b + 1) (a + b − 1) = [(a + b) + 1] [(a + b) − 1]
2 2
= (a + b) − (1)
= a2 + 2ab + b2 − 1

8.

3 3 2 2 3
(1 + b) = (1) + 3 (1) (b) + 3 (1) (b) + (b)
= 1 + 3b + 3b2 + b3

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9.

2 2
a2 + 4 a2 − 4 = a2 − (4)

= a4 − 16

10.

2 2
2
3ab − 5x2 = (3ab) − 2 (3ab) 5x2 + 5x2

= 9a2 b2 − 30abx2 + 25x4

11.

(ab + 3) (3 − ab) = (3 + ab) (3 − ab)

12.

2 2 2
(1 − 4ax) = (1) + 2 (1) (4ax) + (4ax)
= 1 − 8ax + 16a2 x2

13.

2
a2 + 8 a2 − 7 = a2 + (8 − 7) a2 + [8 (−7)]

= a4 + a2 − 56

14.

(x + y + 1) (x − y − 1) = [x + (y + 1)] [x − (y + 1)]
2 2
= (x) − (y + 1)
= x2 − y 2 + 2y + 1

= x2 − y 2 − 2y − 1

15.

(1 − a) (a + 1) = (1 − a) (1 + a)
= 1 − a2

16.

2
(m − 8) (m + 12) = (m) + (−8 + 12) (m) + [(−8) × 12]
= m2 + 4m − 96

17.

2
x2 − 1 x2 + 3 = x2 + (−1 + 3) x2 + [(−1) × 3]

= x4 + 2x2 − 3

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18.

2
x3 + 6 x3 − 8 = x3 + (6 − 8) x3 + [6 (−8)]

= x6 − 2x3 − 48

19.

2
2
2
5x3 + 6m4 = 5x3 + 2 5x3 6m4 + 6m4

= 25x6 + 60x3 m4 + 36m8

20.

2
x4 − 2 x4 + 5 = x4 + (−2 + 5) x4 + [(−2) × 5]

= x8 + 3x4 − 10

21.

(1 − a + b) (b − a − 1) = [(b − a) + 1] [(b − a) − 1]
2 2
= (b − a) − (1)
= b2 − 2ab + a2 − 1

22.

2 2
(ax + bn ) (ax − bn ) = (ax ) − (bn )
= a2x − b2n

23.

2
xa+1 − 8 xa+1 + 9 = xa+1 + (−8 + 9) xa+1 + [(−8) × 9]

= x2a+2 + xa+1 − 72

24.

2
2
a2 b2 + c2 a2 b2 − c2 = a2 b2 − c2

= a4 b2 − c4

25.

3 3 2 2 3
(2a + x) = (2a) + 3 (2a) (x) + 3 (2a) (x) + (x)
= 8a3 + 12a2 x + 6ax2 + x3

26.

2
x2 − 11 x2 − 2 = x2 + (−11 − 2) x2 + [(−11) (−2)]

= x4 − 13x2 + 22

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27.

2
2
2
2a3 − 5b4 = 2a3 + 2 2a3 5b4 + 5b4

= 4a6 − 20a3 b4 + 25b8

28.

2
a3 + 12 a3 − 15 = a3 + (12 − 15) a3 + [12 (−15)]

= a6 − 3a3 − 180

29.

m2 − m + n n + m + m2 = m2 + n − m m2 + n + m






2 2
= m2 + n − (m)
= m4 + 2mn + n2 − m2

30.

2
x4 + 7 x4 − 11 = x4 + (7 − 11) x4 + [7 (−11)]

= x8 − 4x4 − 77

31.

2 2 2
(11 − ab) = (11) + 2 (11) (ab) + (ab)
= 121 − 22ab + a2 b2

32.

2
x2 y 3 − 8 x2 y 3 + 6 = x2 y 3 + (−8 + 6) x2 y 3 + [(−8) × 6]

= x4 y 6 − 2x2 y 3 − 48

33.

(a + b) (a − b) a2 − b2 = a2 − b2 a2 − b2





2
= a2 − b2

2
2
= a2 − 2 a2 b2 + b2

= a4 − 2a2 b2 + b4

34.

(x + 1) (x − 1) x2 − 2 = x2 − 1 x2 − 2





2
= x2 + (−1 − 2) x2 + [(−1) (−2)]

= x4 − 3x2 + 2

35.

(a + 3) a2 + 9 (a − 3) = a2 − 9 a2 + 9





2 2
= a2 − (9)
= a4 − 81

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36.

(x + 5) (x − 5) x2 + 1 = x2 − 25 x2 + 1





2
= x2 + (−25 + 1) x2 + [(−25) × 1]

= x4 − 24x − 25

37.

(a + 1) (a − 1) (a + 2) (a − 2) = a2 − 1 a2 − 4




2
= a2 + (−1 − 4) a2 + [(−1) (−4)]

= a4 − 5a2 + 4

38.

(a + 2) (a − 3) (a − 2) (a + 3) = a2 − 4 a2 − 9




2
= a2 + (−4 − 9) a2 + [(−4) (−9)]

= a4 − 13a2 + 36

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