Examen Parcial - Diseño de Reactores
Examen Parcial - Diseño de Reactores
Examen Parcial - Diseño de Reactores
PREGUNTA 1.
Solución.
dCA
=− ( k 1+ k 2 ) C A
dt
d CB
=− ( k 3+ K 4 ) C B + K 1 C A
dt
d CC
=k 5 CC + k 2 C A +k 3 C B
dt
d CD
=k 4 C B + k 5C C
dt
dCA
=−0.0241C A
dt
d CB
=−0.0048C B + 0.0133C A
dt
d CC
=0.0080 CC +0.0108 C A +0.0024 C B
dt
d CD
=0.0024 C B +0.0080 CC
dt
Sabemos que:
A−λI =0
Pasamos los coeficientes a una matriz, para hallar los valores de λ
−0.0241 0 0 0
|0.0133 −0.0048
0
0 0 −λ∗
0.00 108 0.0024 0.0080 0
0.0024 0.0080 0
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1 | | |
−0.0241−λ 0 0 0
|
det ( A−λI )= 0.0133
0.00108
0
−0.0048−λ
0.0024
0.0024
0 0
0.0080−λ 0
0.0080 −λ
|
A partir de la matriz, logramos obtener los eigenvalores:
( A−λI ) x=0
Para λ 1=0
−0.0241 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
|0.0133 −0.0048
0 0.0024 0.0080 0 0
||
0 0 = 0.0133 −0.0048 0 0 = 0 −0.0048 0 0 =0
||1
0.00108 0.0024 0.0080 0 0.00108 0.0024 0.0080 0 0 0.0024 0.0080 0 0 0.0024
0.0024 0.0080 0 0 0.0024 0.0080 0 0 0.0024
||
Procedemos a calcular los Eiguenvectores:
1 0 0 0 x1
( A−λI ) x X= 0
0
0
| || |
1
0
0
0
1
0
0 x x 2 =0
0 x3
0 x4
x 1=0
x 2=0
x 3=0
x 4 =x 4
Asumiendo un valor de 1 a x4
Entonces:
x1 0
| | ||
x2 = 0
x3 0
x4 1
Para λ 2=−0.0241
|0.0133 0.0193 0 0
0.00108 0.0024 0.0 321
0
0
0.0024 0.0080 0.0241
= 0
|| 0 0 0
0.00108 0.0024 0.0321
0
0
0.0024 0.0080 0.0241
||
= 0 0 0 0
0.00108 0.0024 0.0321
0 0.0024 0.0080 0.0
1 0 0 −15.9512 x 1
( A−λI ) x X= 0
0
0
| 0
1 −2852
0 0
|| |
1 0 10.9923 x x 2 =0
0 x3
x4
x 1−15.9512 x 4 =0
x 2+ 10.9923 x 4 =0
x 3−0.2852 x 4=0
Asumiendo un valor de 1 a x4
Entonces:
x1 15.9512
| || |
x 2 = −10.9923
x3
x4
0 .2852
1
Para λ 3=−0.0048
−0.0193 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
|0.0133 0 0 0
0.0011 0.0024 0. 0128
0
0
0.0024 0.0080 0.0 048
= 0.0133
|| 0 0 0
0.0011 0.0024 0.0128
0
0 ||
0.0024 0.0080 0.0048
= 0 0 0 0
0.001 1 0.0024 0.0128
0
0
0.0024 0.0080 0.00
1 0 0 0 x1
|
( A−λI ) x X= 0
0
0 0
1 0
0 0
|| |
1 0 5.333 x x 2 =0
0 x3
x4
x 1=0
x 2+ 5.333 x 4 =0
x 3−x 4 =0
Asumiendo un valor de 1 a x4
Entonces:
x1 0
| || |
x 2 = −5.333
x3
x4
1
1
Para λ 4=0.00 8
|0.0133 −0.0128
0.0011
0
0.0024 0
0 0
0
0.0024 0.0080 −0.008
= 0.0133 −0.0128
0.0011 0.0024
0
||
0
0 0
0
0.0024 0.0080 −0.008
=
||
0 −0.0128
0.0011 0.0024
0
0
0
0.0024 0.0080
1 0 0 0 x1
( A−λI ) x X= 0
0
0
| 1 0
0 1
0 0
|| |
0 x x 2 =0
−1 x 3
0 x4
x 1=0
x 2=0
x 3−x 4 =0
x 4 =x 4
Asumiendo un valor de 1 a x4
Entonces:
x1 0
| | ||
x2 = 0
x3 1
x4 1
Sabiendo que:
y=∑ ki e λit Xi
En su forma desarrollada
CA
C
Y= B
CC
CD
||
CA x1 x1 x1 x1
|| || || || ||
C
Y = B =k 1 e λ1 t
CC
CD
x 2 +k 2 e λ2 t
x3
x4
x 2 +k 3 e λ 3t
x3
x4
x 2 + k 4 eλ 4 t
x3
x4
x2
x3
x4
CA 0 15.9512 0 0
| | || | | | | ||
C
Y = B =k 1 e0 t
CC
CD
0 +k 2 e−0.0241t −10.9923 + k 3 e−0.0048t −5.333 + k 4 e0.008 t
0
1
0.2852
1
1
1
0
1
1
CA 0 15.9512 0 0
| | || | | | | ||
C
Y = B =k 1
CC
CD
0 +k 2 −10.9923 + k 3 −5.333 + K 4
0
1
0.2852
1
1
1
0
1
1
C A=15.9512 k 2
C B=−10.9923 K 2−5.333 k 3
C C =0.2852 k 2+k 3+ K 4
C D =k 1+k 2+ K 3+ K 4
a) Según el enunciado del ejercicio nos pide bosquejar cuando comienza con acido
linoleico puro (A) es decir: C A=1 , C B=0 , C C =0 , C D =0
1=15.9512 k 2
0=−10.9923 K 2−5.333 k 3
0=0.2852 k 2+ k 3+ K 4
0=k 1+k 2+ K 3+ K 4
Entonces, obtenemos:
k 1=−0.0448 k 2=0 .0627 k 3=−0.1292 k 4=0.1113
Finalmente tenemos:
CA 0 15.9512 0 0
| | ||
C
Y = B =−0.0448
CC
CD 1
| | 0.2852
1
| |
0 + 0.0627 e−0.0241t −10.9923 −0.1292 e−0.0048t −5.333 + 0.1113 e0.008 t
0 1
1
||
0
1
1
Para A:
Para B:
C R =0.33−0.33 e−3 t
Para C:
C S=0.33−0.33 e−3 t