Serie de Potencia
Serie de Potencia
Serie de Potencia
DIF SERIES
POTENCIA
RESOLUCION DE ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES POR SERIES DE POTENCIA
y=𝑐0 + 𝑐1 𝑥 + 𝑐2 𝑥 + 𝑐3 𝑥 + 𝑐4 𝑥 + ⋯ = ∑ 𝑐𝑛 𝑥 𝑛
2 3 4
𝑛=0
∞
𝑥=𝑛
𝑐1 + 2𝑐2 𝑥 + 3𝑐3 𝑥 2 + 4𝑐4 𝑥 3 + 5𝑐5 𝑥 4 + ⋯ = 𝑐0 + 𝑐1 𝑥 + 𝑐2 𝑥 2 + 𝑐3 𝑥 3 + 𝑐4 𝑥 4 + ⋯.
𝑐3 𝑐
𝑐1 = 𝑐0 4𝑐4 = 𝑐3 𝑐4 = 𝑐4 = 2 ∙30∙ 4
4
𝑐1 𝑐0 0 𝑐
2𝑐2 = 𝑐1 𝑐2 = 𝑐2 = 𝑐5 = 2 ∙3 ∙4
2 2 ∙5
𝑐2 𝑐 𝑐
3𝑐3 = 𝑐2 𝑐3 = 𝑐3 = 2 0∙3 𝑐𝑛 = 2 ∙3 ∙40∙5 ∙∙∙𝑛
3
𝑥𝑛 𝑥0 𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4
y=𝑐0 ∑∞
𝑛=0 𝑛! 𝑦 = 𝑐0 ( 0! + + + + +⋯)
1! 2! 3! 4!
𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4
𝑦 = 𝑐0 (1 + 𝑥 + + + +⋯ )
2! 3! 4!
𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑐0 𝜀
𝑦 = 𝑐𝜀 𝑥
𝑥𝑛
𝜀 𝑥 = ∑∞
𝑛=0 𝑛!
Ejercicio 2
(𝑥 − 3)𝑦 ′ + 2𝑦 = 0
𝑥𝑦 ′ − 3𝑦 ′ + 2𝑦 = 0
∞ ∞ ∞
𝑛−1 𝑛−1
𝑥 ∑ 𝑛𝑐𝑛 𝑥 − 3 ∑ 𝑛𝑐𝑛 𝑥 + 2 ∑ 𝑐𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 = 0
𝑛=1 𝑛=1 𝑛=0
∞ ∞ ∞
∞ ∞ ∞
−(𝑛 + 2) 𝑛+2
𝑐𝑛+1 = 𝑐 𝑐𝑛+1 = 𝑐
−3(𝑛 + 1) 𝑛 3(𝑛 + 1) 𝑛
2
𝑛 = 0, 𝑐1 = 𝑐
3 0
3 3 2 1 3
𝑛 = 1, 𝑐2 = 𝑐1 = ( 𝑐0 ) = 𝑐0 = 2 𝑐0
6 6 3 3 3
4 4
𝑐3 = 𝑐 = 𝑐
27 0 33 0
5 5
𝑐4 = 𝑐0 = 4 𝑐0
81 3
6 6
𝑐5 = 𝑐0 = 5 𝑐0
243 3
1 𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑐0 𝑥 𝑠𝑖 | |
(3 − 1)2 3
𝑐0 𝑐0 9𝑐0
𝑦= = =
𝑥−3 (𝑥 − 3)2 (𝑥 − 3)2
( 3 )2
9
FORO - INVESTIGACION EC. DIF SERIES
POTENCIA
RESOLUCION DE ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES POR SERIES DE POTENCIA
𝑐
𝑦= 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙
(𝑥 − 3)2
Ojo:
1. Suponer ∑∞ n
n=0 cn x no siempre funciona.
2. Convergencia de ∑∞ n
n=0 cn x :
y = ∑∞ n 2 3
n=0 x = 1 + x + x + x +. .. Converge si −1 < x < 1
SI x = 0 y = 1 + 0 + 02 + 03 +. . . = 1
Si x = 1 y = 1 + 1 + 12 + 13 +. . . diverge
Ejercicio 3
𝑦 ′′ + 𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 = 0 𝑦(0) = 1 𝑦 ′ (0) = 2
∞ ∞
𝑛
𝑦 = ∑ 𝑐𝑛 𝑥 𝑦′ = ∑ 𝑛𝑐𝑛 𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑛=0 𝑛=0
Formula
∞ ∞
𝟐
𝒚 = 𝒄𝟎 + 𝒄𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒄𝟐 𝒙 𝒚 = 𝒄𝟎 + 𝒄𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒄𝟐 𝒙𝟐 ∑ 𝒇(𝒏) = ∑ 𝒇(𝒏
+⋯ +⋯ 𝒏=𝒌 𝒏=𝟎
𝒚(𝟎) = 𝒄𝟎 = 𝟏 𝒚 ′(𝟎)
= 𝒄𝟏 = −𝟐 + 𝒌)
∞ ∞ ∞
𝑛−2 𝑛−1
∑ 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)𝑐𝑛 𝑥 + ∑ 𝑛𝑐𝑛 𝑥 − 2 ∑ 𝑐𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 = 0
𝑛=2 𝑛=1 𝑛=0
∞ ∞ ∞
2𝐶𝑛 − (𝑛 + 1)𝐶𝑛+1
𝐶𝑛+2 =
(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 1)
𝐶𝑛 + 1 2𝐶𝑛
𝐶𝑛+2 = +
(𝑛 + 2) (𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 1)
−4 2
𝐶0 = 1 ; 𝐶1 = −2 ; 𝐶2 = 2 ; 𝐶3 = ; 𝐶4 =
3 3
−4 4 −8 2
𝐶5 = ; 𝐶6 = ; 𝐶7 = ; 𝐶8 =
15 45 315 315
𝑦 = 𝐶0 + 𝐶1 𝑋 + 𝐶2 𝑋 2 + 𝐶3 𝑋 3 + 𝐶4 𝑋 4 + 𝐶5 𝑋 5 + 𝐶6 𝑋 6 + 𝐶7 𝑋 7 + 𝐶8 𝑋 8
4 3 2𝑥 4
2
4 4 6 8 7 2 8
𝑦 = 1 − 2𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 𝑥 + − 𝑥5 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑥
3 3 15 45 315 315