BuildUp2 WB Grammar Appendix Introduction

GRAMMAR APPENDIX
INTRODUCTION
to be have got
Utilizamos el verbo to be para describir cosas, El verbo have got significa “tener” y expresa lo que
expresar hechos generales e indicar la edad. poseemos o las características de alguien o algo
Recuerda que, al hablar, am, is y are se contraen cuando lo describimos. Utilizamos have to con I,
con el pronombre sujeto. you, we y they, pero has got con he, she e it.
I am her sister. (Soy su hermana.) We have got two bathrooms.
It’s Monday today. (Hoy es lunes.) (Tenemos dos cuartos de baño.)
The mice are under the bed. Harry has got a small house.
(Los ratones están debajo de la cama.) (Harry tiene una casa pequeña.)
En negativa añadimos la partícula not, que con is En negativa añadimos not a have y has, pero se
y are se contrae en isn’t y aren’t. usan más las formas contraídas haven’t y hasn’t.
She isn’t my friend. (Ella no es mi amiga.) Jim hasn’t got a brother.
Para preguntar se invierte el orden del sujeto y el (Jim no tiene un hermano.)
verbo. Las respuestas breves llevan solo los En interrogativa ponemos have o has + el sujeto +
pronombres sujeto y el verbo to be sin contraer en got. En las respuestas breves usamos solo los
afirmativa, o contraído en negativa. pronombres sujeto y have / haven’t o has / hasn’t,
Are the children in the garden? Yes, they are. / sin got.
No, they aren’t. Has Tom got any sisters? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t.
(¿Los niños están en el jardín? Sí. / No.) (¿Tom tiene hermanas? Sí. / No.)
1 Complete the sentences with the correct 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form
form of the verb to be. of have got or has got.
1. The boys EVI at school. 1. Jill LEWKSX two brothers.
2. I am not (not) angry. 2. Has Jane got
3. Are you at home? a blue schoolbag?
4. Fred is short. 3. Tom hasn’t got (not) a computer.
5. Jenny isn’t (not) my friend. 4. I have got a new friend.
6. Is Donna from England? 5. They haven’t got (not) a dog.
6. Have you got brown eyes?
Check Yourself!
Circle the correct answers.
1. Tom am / is / are in my class. 5. Have / Has they got a pet cat?
2. Pam and Andy have got / has got white shirts. 6. Am / Is / Are you in Year 8?
3. Mike have got / has got two sisters. 7. The car am not / isn’t / aren’t red.
4. The boys am not / isn’t / aren’t at school. 8. My mother haven’t got / hasn’t got a car.
Answers, see page 112
92
GRAMMAR APPENDIX
There is / There are

There is y there are siginifican “hay”. There is indica que hay una cosa. Va seguido de un nombre contable
singular o de uno no contable. There are indica que hay dos cosas o más. Solo se utiliza con nombres contables
en plural.
There is a cupboard in the kitchen. (Hay un armario en la cocina.)
There’s some fruit on the table. (Hay fruta encima de la mesa.)
There are some apples. (Hay algunas manzanas.)
La negativa se forma añadiendo not o la contracción n’t a is y are.
There isn’t a lamp next to the sofa. (No hay una lámpara junto al sofá.)
There isn’t any fish. (No hay [nada de] pescado.)
There aren’t any chairs. (No hay sillas.)
Para preguntar, se empieza con is o are. En las respuestas breves se vuelve al orden normal y, si son negativas,
se usan las formas contraídas.
Is there a computer in the classroom? Yes, there is. (¿Hay un ordenador en la clase? Sí.)
Is there any water? No, there isn’t. (¿Hay agua? No.)
Are there any oranges? No, there aren’t. (¿Hay naranjas? No.)
El plural irregular
GRAMMAR APPENDIX
Hay sustantivos de plural irregular porque no añaden -s ni -es al singular:
• unos no cambian: fish fish
• otros cambian un poco: man men child children
• y otros cambian mucho: person people
3 Circle the correct answers. 4 Complete the sentences with the plural
form of the words in brackets.
1. There is / There are some fish in this
lake. 1. I’ve got two white QMGI (mouse).
2. There isn’t / There aren’t a book on 2. Those women (woman) are tall.
the table. 3. Has the baby got two new teeth
3. Is there / Are there any children in (tooth)?
the library? 4. He’s got long feet (foot).
4. There are / There aren’t any men 5. There are ten people (person) in
in this shop. the room.
5. There is / There are a cat on the table.
6. Is there / Are there a train to London?
Check Yourself!
Complete the sentence with the correct form of There is or There are.
1. a mouse under the chair. 5. a car in the garage?
2. people in the library. 6. (not) a sofa in our living room.
3. any new students in the class? 7. 31 days in August.
4. (not) any notebooks on the floor. 8. two sweaters on the bed?
Answers, see page 112
93

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GRAMMAR APPENDIX

Answers, see page 112

There is / There are

Answers, see page 112

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