E Propiedades del aire

TABLA E .1 P r o p ie d a d e s d e l a ir e
versus tem p era tu ra e n u n id a d e s d e l Peso Viscosidad Viscosidad
SI a la p resi n a t m o s f r ic a e st n d a r . Temperatura Densidad especfico dinmica cinemtica
T P y V v
(C) (kg/m3) ( N /m 3) (Pa-s) (nr/s)
-4 0 1.514 14.85 1.51 X 10" 5 9.98 X 10- 6
-3 0 1.452 14.24 1.56 X 10" 5 1.08 X 10" 5
-2 0 1.394 13.67 1.62 X 10- 5 1.16 X 10- 5
-1 0 1.341 13.15 1.67 X 10" 5 1.24 X 10- 5
0 1.292 12.67 1.72 X 10" 5 1.33 X 10" 5
10 1.247 12.23 1.77 X 10" 5 1.42 X 10" 5
20 1.204 11.81 1.81 X 10- 5 1.51 X 10" 5
30 1.164 11.42 1.86 X 10- 5 1.60 X 10- 5
40 1.127 11.05 1.91 X 10~ 5 1.69 X 10" 5
50 1.092 10.71 1.95 X 10- 5 1.79 X 10" 5
60 1.060 10.39 1.99 X 10 5 1.89 X 10 5
70 1.029 10.09 2.04 X 10 5 1.99 X 10- 5
80 0.9995 9.802 2.09 X 10 5 2.09 X 10- 5

90 0.9720 9.532 2.13 X 10- 5 2.19 X 10~ 5

100 0.9459 9.277 2.17 X 10- 5 2.30 X 10" 5

110 0.9213 9.034 2.22 X 10- 5 2.40 X 10" 5

0.8978 8.805 2.26 X 10~5 2.51 X 10- 5

120

N o ta : Las propiedades del aire en con d icion es estndar a nivel del mar son las siguientes.

Temperatura 15 C
P resin 101.325 kPa
D en sid ad 1.225 kg/m 3
P e so e sp e c fic o 12.01 N /m 3
V iscosid ad dinm ica 1.789 X 10- ; , P as
V iscosid ad cinem tica 1.46 X 10- 5 m2/s

597
598 A p n d ic e E Propiedades del aire

T A B L A E .2 P r o p ie d a d e s d e l a ire
versus tem p eratu ra e n u n id a d e s P eso V is c o s id a d V iscosid ad
T e m p e r a tu r a D e n s id a d e s p e c fic o d in m ic a cin em tica
d e l S is te m a I n g l s a la p r e s i n
a tm o sf r ic a estn d ar. T P 7 V v
(F ) ( s l u g s / p i e 3) ( l b / p i e 3) ( l b - s / p i e 2) (p ie2/ S)

-4 0 2.94 X 10 ~ 3 0.0946 3.15 X 10- 7 1.07 X 10 4

-2 0 2.80 X 10~ 3 0.0903 3.27 X 10- 7 1.17 x cr 4
0 2.68 X 10~ 3 0.0864 3.41 X 10- 7 1.27 X 10-4
20 2.57 X 10~ 3 0.0828 3.52 X 10- 7 1.37 X 10 4
40 2.47 X 10~ 3 0.0795 3.64 X 10- 7 1.47 X 1CT4
60 2.37 X 10 ~ 3 0.0764 3.74 X 10- 7 1.58 X 10 4
80 2.28 X 10 ~ 3 0.0736 3.85 X 10- 7 1.69 X 10" 4
100 2.20 X 10 ~ 3 0.0709 3.97 X 10- 7 1.80 X 10-4
120 2.13 X 10 ~ 3 0.0685 4.06 X 10- 7 1.91 X 1CT4
140 2.06 X 10~ 3 0.0662 4.16 X 10- 7 2.02 X 1CT4

160 1.99 X 10~ 3 0.0641 4.27 X 10- 7 2.15 X O^ 4

180 1.93 X 10~ 3 0.0621 4.38 X 10- 7 2.27 X 1CT4

200 1.87 X 10~ 3 0.0602 4.48 X 10- 7 2.40 X 10-4

4.58 X 10- 7 2.52 x c r 4

220 1.81 X 10~ 3 0.0584
4.68 X 10- 7 2.66 X 10"4
240 1.76 X 10~ 3 0.0567
 Apndice E P r o p ie d a d e s d el aire 599

TABLA E .3 P r o p ie d a d e s d e la a tm s fe r a .

Unidades SI
Unidades del Sistema Ingls
Temperatura Presin Densidad
Altitud T
Temperatura Presin Densidad
P P Altitud
(C) T P P
f in ) (kPa) (kg/m3) (pies) (F) (DS) ( c lu o c /n ip ^J
l/lv

0 1 5 .0 0 1 0 1 .3 1.2 2 5 0 5 9 .0 0 14.69 6
200 1 3 .7 0 9 8 .9 1.202 500 5 7 .2 2 1 4 .4 3 3 2 .3 4 X 10 - 3
400 1 2 .4 0 9 6 .6 1 .1 7 9 1000 5 5 .4 3 1 4 .1 7 3 2 .2 5 X 10~3
600 11.10 9 4 .3 1 .1 5 6 5000 4 1 .1 7 12 .2 2 7 2 .0 5 X 10 - 3
800 9 .8 0 9 2 .1 1 .1 3 4 10000 2 3 .3 4 1 0 .1 0 6 1 .7 6 X 10 - 3
1000 8 .5 0 8 9 .9 1.112 15 0 0 0 5.51 8.2 9 3 1 .5 0 X 10- 3

2000 2.00 7 9 .5 1.0 0 7 20000 - 1 2 .6 2 6 .7 5 3 1 .2 7 X 10- 3

3000 -4 .4 9 7 0 .1 0 .9 0 9 3 30000 - 4 7 .9 9 4 .3 6 5 8 .8 9 X 10 - 4

4000 -1 0 .9 8 6 1 .7 0 .8 1 9 4 40000 -6 9 .7 0 2 .7 2 0 5 .8 5 X 10- 4

5000 - 1 7 .4 7 5 4 .0 0 .7 3 6 4 50000 -6 9 .7 0 1.683 3 .6 2 X 1 0 '4

2 6 .5 0 .4 1 3 5 60000 -6 9 .7 0 1.04 0 2 .2 4 X 10-4

10000 - 4 9 .9 0
0 .1 9 4 8 70000 - 6 7 .3 0 0 .6 4 4 1.38 X 10~4
15000 -5 6 .5 0 12.11
0 .0 8 8 9 80000 - 6 1 .8 1 0 .4 0 0 8 .4 5 X 10-5
20000 -5 6 .5 0 5 .5 3
0 .0 4 0 1 90000 - 5 6 .3 2 0 .2 5 1 5 .2 2 X 10-5
25000 - 5 1 .6 0 2 .5 5
0 .0 1 8 4 100000 -5 0 .8 4 0 .1 5 8 3 .2 5 X 10 5
30000 - 4 6 .6 4 1.20
National O ceanic and Atmospheric Administraron.
Datos tomados de U.S. S ta n d a r d A t m o s p h e r e , 1976 NOAA-S/T76-1562. W ashington, DC.
 A p n d ic e E Propiedades del aire

60-
15

10
40- 5

20-
I 10

^ oH
LL. -20 s
0 S3
*c
2 O.
a
1u . -2 0 -
o -30
O. H
E
a
H -4 0 -1 -4 0

-6 0 - -5 0

60
-8 0 -

A ltitud (p ies x 1000)

J ___i___i___i___L J___I___1___I___I___I___L J___I___I___I................................. I I I l l

12 15 18 21 24 27 30
A ltitud (m x 1000)

(a) A ltitudes m ayores

70 n

60-
\- 15

50- - 10
ou
cd
-5 3->
40- a
<u
O-
E
u
-0 H
30-

. -5
20-

--10

0 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000
Altitud (m)
(b) Altitudes ms bajas

F IG U R A E .l Propiedades de la atm sfera estndar versus la altitud.

i F Dimensiones de tuberas
de acero

TABLA F .l C d u la 4 0 .

Tam ao noni. Dimetro exterior Espesor de pared Dimetro interior F lu jo d e r e a

de tubera
(pulg) (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (mm) (pies2) (m2)

% 0.405 10.3 0.068 1.73 0.269 0 .0 2 2 4 6.8 0.000 394 3.660 X 10~5
'/4 0.540 13.7 0.088 2.24 0.364 0.0303 9.2 0.000 723 6.717 X 10~5
% 0.675 17.1 0.091 2.31 0.493 0.0411 12.5 0.001 33 1.236 X 10-4
lA 0.840 21.3 0.109 2.77 0.622 0.0518 15.8 0.002 11 1.960 X 10~4
3A 1.050 26.7 0.113 2.87 0.824 0.0687 20.9 0.003 70 3.437 X 10~4

1 1.315 33.4 0.133 3.38 1.049 0.0874 26.6 0.006 00 5.574 X 10~4

1 1.660 42.2 0.140 3.56 1.380 0.1150 35.1 0.010 39 9.653 X 10"4

V/i 1.900 48.3 0.145 3.68 1.610 0.1342 40.9 0.014 14 1.314 X 10~3

60.3 0.154 3.91 2.067 0.1723 52.5 0.023 33 2.168 X 10~3

2 2.375
0.203 5.16 2.469 0.2058 62.7 0.033 26 3.090 X 10~3
2'/i 2.875 73.0
5.49 3.068 0.2557 77.9 0.051 32 4.768 X 10~3
3 3.500 88.9 0.216
5.74 3.548 0.2957 90.1 0.068 68 6.381 X 10~3
3'/2 4.000 101.6 0.226
4.026 0.3355 102.3 0.088 40 8.213 X 10~3
4 4.500 114.3 0.237 6.02
5.047 0.4206 128.2 0.139 0 1.291 X 10~2
5 5.563 141.3 0.258 6.55
6.065 0.5054 154.1 0.200 6 1.864 X 10~2
6 6.625 168.3 0.280 7.11
0.6651 202.7 0.347 2 3.226 X 10~2
0.322 8.18 7.981
8 8.625 219.1
10.020 0.8350 254.5 0.547 9 5.090 X 10~2
10 273.1 0.365 9.27
10.750
0.9948 303.2 0.777 1 7.219 X 10~2
0.406 10.31 11.938
12 12.750 323.9
1.094 333.4 0.939 6 8.729 X 10~2
0.437 11.10 13.126
14 14.000 355.6
1.250 381.0 1.227 0.1140
0.500 12.70 15.000
16 16.000 406.4
1.406 428.7 1.553 0.1443
0.562 14.27 16.876
18 18.000 457.2 0.1794
18.814 1.568 477.9 1.931
0.593 15.06
20 20.000 508.0 0.2594
22.626 1.886 574.7 2.792
0.687 17.45
24 24.000 609.6
602 A p n d ice F D im ensiones de tuberas de acero

T A B L A F.2 Cdula 80.

Tamao nom. Dimetro exterior Espesor de pared Dimetro interior Flujo de rea
de tubera
(pulg) (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (pies) (mm) (pies2) (m2)

Vs 0.405 10.3 0.095 2.41 0.215 0.017 92 5.5 0.000 253 2.350 X 10~5
Va 0.540 13.7 0.119 3.02 0.302 0.025 17 7.7 0.000 497 4.617 X 10~5
3/8 0.675 17.1 0.126 3.20 0.423 0.035 25 10.7 0.000 976 9.067 X 10~5
*/2 0.840 21.3 0.147 3.73 0.546 0.045 50 13.9 0.001 625 1.510 X 10-4
3/4 1.050 26.7 0.154 3.91 0.742 0.061 83 18.8 0.003 00 2.787 X 10-4
1 1.315 33.4 0.179 4.55 0.957 0.079 75 24.3 0.004 99 4.636 X KT4
VA 1.660 42.2 0.191 4.85 1.278 0.106 5 32.5 0.008 91 8.278 X 10~4
V/2 1.900 48.3 0 .2 0 0 5.08 1.500 0.125 0 38.1 0.012 27 1.140 X 10-3
2 2.375 60.3 0.218 5.54 1.939 0.161 6 49.3 0 .0 2 0 51 1.905 X KT3
2Vi 2.875 73.0 0.276 7.01 2.323 0.193 6 59.0 0.029 44 2.735 X 10~3
3 3.500 88.9 0.300 7.62 2.900 0.241 7 73.7 0.045 90 4.264 X 10~3
3 Vi 4.000 1 0 1 .6 0.318 8.08 3.364 0.280 3 85.4 0.061 74 5.736 X 10-3
4 4.500 114.3 0.337 8.56 3.826 0.318 8 97.2 0.079 86 7.419 X 10~3
5 5.563 141.3 0.375 9.53 4.813 0.401 1 122.3 0.126 3 1.173 X 10~:
6 6.625 168.3 0.432 10.97 5.761 0.480 1 146.3 0.181 0 1.682 X 10"
8 8.625 219.1 0.500 12.70 7.625 0.635 4 193.7 0.317 4 2.949 X 10':
10 10.750 273.1 0.593 15.06 9.564 0.797 0 242.9 0.498 6 4.632 x 10~:
12 12.750 323.9 0.687 17.45 11.376 0.948 0 289.0 0.705 6 6.555 X 10 '
14 14.000 355.6 0.750 19.05 12.500 1.042 317.5 0.852 1 7.916 x 10~:
16 16.000 406.4 0.842 21.39 14.314 1.193 363.6 1.117 0.1038
18 18.000 457.2 0.937 23.80 16.126 1.344 1.418 0.1317
409.6
20 508.0 1.755 0.1630
2 0 .0 0 0 1.031 26.19 17.938 1.495 455.6
24 24.000 0.2344
609.6 1.218 30.94 21.564 1.797 547.7 2.535
 Dimetro
exterior Espesor de pared Dimetro interior Flujo de rea

(pulg* (mm)______ (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (pies) (mm) (pie2) (in2)

l 3 .1 8 0 .0 3 2 0 .8 1 3 0 .0 6 1 0.00508 1.549 2.029 X 10~ 5 1.885 X 10- 6

0 .0 3 5 0 .8 8 9 0 .0 5 5 0.00458 1.397 1.650 X 10~ 5 1.533 X 10- 6
Vi 6 4 .7 6 0 .0 3 2 0 .8 1 3 0 .1 2 4 0.01029 3.137 8.319 X 10~ 5 7.728 X 10- 6
0 .0 3 5 0 .8 8 9 0 .1 1 7 0.00979 2.985 7.530 X 10~5 6.996 X 10- 6
'/4 6 .3 5 0 .0 3 5 0 .8 8 9 0 .1 8 0 0.01500 4.572 1.767 X 10~ 4 1.642 X 10~ 5
0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 0 .1 5 2 0.01267 3.861 1.260 X 10~4 1.171 X 10" 5
5/l6 7 .9 4 0 .0 3 5 0 .8 8 9 0 .2 4 3 0 .0 2 0 2 1 6.160 3.207 X 10- 4 2.980 X 10~5
0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 0 .2 1 5 0.01788 5.448 2.509 X 10- 4 2.331 X 10- 5
% 9 .5 3 0 .0 3 5 0 .8 8 9 0 .3 0 5 0.02542 7.747 5.074 X 10~ 4 4.714 X 10~ 5
0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 0 .2 7 7 0.02308 7.036 4.185 X 10~ 4 3.888 X 10" 5

xh 1 2 .7 0 0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 0 .4 0 2 0.03350 10 .2 1 8.814 X O^ 4 8.189 X 10~ 5

0 .0 6 5 1.65 0 .3 7 0 0.03083 9.40 7.467 X 10~ 4 6.937 X 10~ 5

5/s 1 5 .8 8 0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 0 .5 2 7 0.04392 13.39 1.515 X 10~ 3 1.407 X 10 4

0 .0 6 5 1.65 0 .4 9 5 0.04125 12.57 1.336 X 10- 3 1.242 X 10- 4

1 .2 4 0 .6 5 2 0.05433 16.56 2.319 X 10~ 3 2.154 X 10- 4

3/4 1 9 .0 5 0 .0 4 9
1 .6 5 0 .6 2 0 0.05167 15.75 2.097 X 10" 3 1.948 X 10- 4
0 .0 6 5
0 .7 7 7 0.06475 19.74 3.293 X 10~3 3.059 X 10- 4
7/& 2 2 .2 3 0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4
0 .7 4 5 0.06208 18.92 3.027 X 10" 3 2.812 X 10- 4
0 .0 6 5 1.6 5
0 .8 7 0 0.07250 2 2 .1 0 4.128 X 10" 3 3.835 X 10" 4
1 2 5 .4 0 0 .0 6 5 1.65
0 .8 3 4 0.06950 21.18 3.794 X 10- 3 3.524 X 10- 4
0 .0 8 3 2.11

1.120 0.09333 28.45 6.842 X 10~3 6.356 X 10~4

l'/4 3 1 .7 5 0 .0 6 5 1.65
1 .0 8 4 0.09033 27.53 6.409 X 10~ 3 5.954 X 10" 4
0 .0 8 3 2.11

1 .3 7 0 0.1142 34.80 1.024 X 10~ 2 9.510 X 10- 4

l'/2 3 8 .1 0 0 .0 6 5 1.65
1 .3 3 4 0 .1 1 1 2 33.88 9.706 X 10" 3 9.017 X 10- 4
0 .0 8 3 2.11

1 .6 2 0 0.1350 41.15 1.431 X 10- 2 1.330 X 10-3

P/ 4 0 .0 6 5 1.6 5
4 4 .4 5
1 .5 8 4 0.1320 40.23 1.368 X 10- 2 1.271 X 10~ 3
0 .0 8 3 2.11

1 .8 7 0 0.1558 47.50 1.907 X 10" 2 1.772 X 10-3

2 0 .0 6 5 1 .65
5 0 .8 0
1 .8 3 4 0.1528 46.58 1.835 X 10" 2 1.704 X 10- 3
0 .0 8 3 2.11

603
 H Dimensiones de tubos de cobre
tipo K

Tamao Dimetro Espesor

nominal exterior de pared Dimetro interior Flujo de rea
(pulg) (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (pies) (mm) (pies2) (m2)
1
'/fe 0 .2 5 0 6 .3 5 0 .0 3 5 0 .8 8 9 0 .1 8 0 0 .0 1 5 0 4 .5 7 2 1 .7 6 7 X 1 0 ~ 4 1 .6 4 2 X l( T 5
l 0 .3 7 5 9 .5 3 0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 5 0 .2 7 7 0 .0 2 3 1 7 .0 3 6 4 . 1 8 5 X 10" 4 3 .8 8 8 X 10-5
v% 0 .5 0 0 1 2 .7 0 0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 5 0 .4 0 2 0 .0 3 3 5 1 0 .2 1 8 . 8 1 4 X 10" 4 8 .1 8 9 X 1(T5
xh 0 .6 2 5 1 5 .8 8 0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 5 0 .5 2 7 0 .0 4 3 9 1 3 .3 9 1 .5 1 5 X 1 0 ~ 3 1 .4 0 7 X 10~4

5A 0 .7 5 0 1 9 .0 5 0 .0 4 9 1 .2 4 5 0 .6 5 2 0 .0 5 4 3 1 6 .5 6 2 .3 1 9 X 1 0 " 3 2 .1 5 4 X 10~4
3/4 0 .8 7 5 2 2 .2 3 0 .0 6 5 1 .6 5 1 0 .7 4 5 0 .0 6 2 1 1 8 .9 2 3 .0 2 7 X 10~3 2 .8 1 2 X 10-4
1 1 .1 2 5 2 8 .5 8 0 .0 6 5 1.651 0 .9 9 5 0 .0 8 2 9 2 5 .2 7 5 .4 0 0 X 10~3 5 .0 1 7 X 10~4
VA 1 .3 7 5 3 4 .9 3 0 .0 6 5 1.651 1 .2 4 5 0 .1 0 3 7 3 1 .6 2 8 .4 5 4 X 10"3 7 .8 5 4 X 10-4

V/2 1 .6 2 5 4 1 .2 8 0 .0 7 2 1 .8 2 9 1.481 0 .1 2 3 4 3 7 .6 2 1 .1 9 6 X 1 0 " 2 lu x nr3

2 2 .1 2 5 5 3 .9 8 0 .0 8 3 2 .1 0 8 1 .9 5 9 0 .1 6 3 2 4 9 .7 6 2 .0 9 3 X 1 0 " 2 1 .9 4 5 X 10~3
2X
A 2 .6 2 5 6 6 .6 8 0 .0 9 5 2 .4 1 3 2 .4 3 5 0 .2 0 2 9 6 1 .8 5 3 .2 3 4 X 10-2 3 .0 0 4 X 103
3 3 .1 2 5 7 9 .3 8 0 .1 0 9 2 .7 6 9 2 .9 0 7 0 .2 4 2 3 7 3 .8 4 4 .6 0 9 X 10"2 4 .2 8 2 X 10~3

3 lA 3 .6 2 5 9 2 .0 8 0 .1 2 0 3 .0 4 8 3 .3 8 5 0 .2 8 2 1 8 5 .9 8 6 .2 4 9 X 1 0 ~ 2 5 .8 0 6 X 10-3
4 4 .1 2 5 1 0 4 .8 0 .1 3 4 3 .4 0 4 3 .8 5 7 0 .3 2 1 4 9 7 .9 7 8 .1 1 4 X 10~ 2 7 .5 3 8 X 103
5 5 .1 2 5 1 3 0 .2 0 .1 6 0 4 .0 6 4 4 .8 0 5 0 .4 0 0 4 1 2 2 .0 1 .2 5 9 X 10 _1 1 .1 7 0 X 10 2
6 6 .1 2 5 1 5 5 .6 0 .1 9 2 4 .8 7 7 5 .7 4 1 0 .4 7 8 4 1 4 5 .8 1 .7 9 8 X 1 0 _1 1 .6 7 0 X 10-2

8 8 .1 2 5 2 0 6 .4 0 .2 7 1 6 .8 8 3 7 .5 8 3 0 .6 3 1 9 1 9 2 .6 3 . 1 3 6 X 1 0 _1 2 .9 1 4 X 10-2
10 1 0 .1 2 5 2 5 7 .2 0 .3 3 8 8 .5 8 5 9 .4 4 9 0 .7 8 7 4 2 4 0 .0 4 .8 7 0 X 1 0 " 1 4 .5 2 4 X 10-2
12 1 2 .1 2 5 3 0 8 .0 0 .4 0 5 1 0 .2 8 7 1 1 .3 1 5 0 .9 4 2 9 2 8 7 .4 6 .9 8 3 X 1 0 ' 1 6 .4 8 7 X 10-2

604

I Dimensiones de tuberas
de hierro dctil

TABLA 1.1 Clase lr>0 para presin de servicio de 150 psi (1.03 MPa).

Tam. nominal Dimetro Espesor

de tuberas exterior de pared Dimetro interior rea de flujo
ipulg) (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (mm) (pulg) (pies) (m m ) (pies2)

3 3.96 100.6 0.320 8.13 3.32 0.277 84.3 0.0601 5 .5 8 5 X 1 0 ~ 3

4 4.80 121.9 0.350 8.89 4.10 0.342 104.1 0.0917 8 .5 1 8 X 1 0 " 3
6 6.90 175.3 0.380 9.65 6.14 0.512 156.0 0.2056 1 .9 1 0 X 1 0 ~ 2
8 9.05 229.9 0 .4 1 0 10.41 8.23 0.686 209.0 0.3694 3 .4 3 2 X 1 0 ~ 2
10 11.10 281.9 0.440 11.18 10.22 0.852 259.6 0.5697 5 .2 9 2 X 1 0 ~ 2
12 13.20 335.3 0.480 12.19 12.24 1.020 310.9 0.8171 7 .5 9 1 X 1 0 ~ 2
14 15.65 397.5 0.510 12.95 14.63 1.219 371.6 1.167 0 .1 0 8 5

16 17.80 452.1 0.540 13.72 16.72 1.393 424.7 1.525 0 .1 4 1 7

18 19.92 506.0 0.580 14.73 18.76 1.563 476.5 1.920 0 .1 7 8 3

20 22.06 560.3 0.620 15.75 20.82 1.735 528.8 2.364 0 .2 1 9 6

24 26.32 668.5 0.730 18.54 24.86 2.072 631.4 3.371 0 .3 1 3 2

605