Open-source artificial intelligence
Open-source artificial intelligence is the application of open-source practices to the development of artificial intelligence resources.
Many open-source artificial intelligence products are variations of other existing tools and technologies which have been shared as open-source software by large companies.[1]
Companies often develop closed products in an attempt to keep a competitive advantage in the marketplace.[2] A journalist for Wired explored the idea that open-source AI tools have a development advantage over closed products, and could overtake them in the marketplace.[2]
Popular open-source artificial intelligence project categories include large language models, machine translation tools, and chatbots.[3]
For software developers to produce open-source artificial intelligence resources, they must trust the various other open-source software components they use in its development.[4][5]
Large language models
[edit]LLaMA
[edit]LLaMA is a family of large language models released by Meta AI starting in February 2023.[6] Meta claims these models are open-source software, but the Open Source Initiative disputes this claim, arguing that "Meta's license for the LLaMa models and code does not meet this standard; specifically, it puts restrictions on commercial use for some users (paragraph 2) and also restricts the use of the model and software for certain purposes (the Acceptable Use Policy)."[7]
| Model | Developer | Parameter count | Context window | Licensing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LLaMA[6] | Meta AI | 7B, 13B, 33B, 65B | 2048 | —— |
| Llama 2[8][9] | Meta AI | 7B, 13B, 70B | 4k | Custom Meta license |
| Llama 3.1[10] | Meta AI | 8B, 70B, 405B | 128K[11] | Meta Llama 3 Community License[12] |
| Mistral 7B[13] | Mistral AI | 7 billion | 8k[14] | Apache 2.0 |
| GPT-J[15] | EleutherAI | 6 billion | 2048 | Apache 2.0 |
| Pythia[16] | EluetherAI | 70 million - 12 billion | —— | Apache 2.0 (Pythia-6.9B only)[17] |
References
[edit]- ^ Heaven, Will Douglas (May 12, 2023). "The open-source AI boom is built on Big Tech's handouts. How long will it last?". MIT Technology Review.
- ^ a b Solaiman, Irene (May 24, 2023). "Generative AI Systems Aren't Just Open or Closed Source". Wired.
- ^ Castelvecchi, Davide (29 June 2023). "Open-source AI chatbots are booming — what does this mean for researchers?". Nature. 618 (7967): 891–892. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-01970-6.
- ^ Thummadi, Babu Veeresh (2021). "Artificial Intelligence (AI) Capabilities, Trust and Open Source Software Team Performance". In Denis Dennehy; Anastasia Griva; Nancy Pouloudi; Yogesh K. Dwivedi; Ilias Pappas; Matti Mäntymäki (eds.). Responsible AI and Analytics for an Ethical and Inclusive Digitized Society. 20th International Federation of Information Processing WG 6.11 Conference on e-Business, e-Services and e-Society, Galway, Ireland, September 1–3, 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 12896. Springer. pp. 629–640. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85447-8_52. ISBN 978-3-030-85446-1.
- ^ Mitchell, James (2023-10-22). "How to Create Artificial intelligence Software". AI Software Developers. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
- ^ a b "Introducing LLaMA: A foundational, 65-billion-parameter language model". 2023-09-11. Archived from the original on 2023-09-11. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
- ^ "Meta's LLaMa 2 license is not Open Source".
- ^ "meta-llama/Llama-2-70b-chat-hf · Hugging Face". huggingface.co. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
- ^ "Llama 2 - Meta AI". ai.meta.com. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
- ^ "Meet Llama 3.1". Llama Meta. 2024-09-09. Retrieved 2024-09-09.
- ^ "llama 3.1 context window - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2024-09-09.
- ^ "llama3/LICENSE at main · meta-llama/llama3". GitHub. Retrieved 2024-09-09.
- ^ "mistralai/Mistral-7B-v0.1 · Hugging Face". huggingface.co. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
- ^ AI, Mistral (2023-09-27). "Mistral 7B". mistral.ai. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
- ^ "EleutherAI/gpt-j-6b · Hugging Face". huggingface.co. 2023-05-03. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
- ^ Biderman, Stella; Schoelkopf, Hailey; Anthony, Quentin; Bradley, Herbie; O'Brien, Kyle; Hallahan, Eric; Mohammad Aflah Khan; Purohit, Shivanshu; USVSN Sai Prashanth; Raff, Edward; Skowron, Aviya; Sutawika, Lintang; Oskar van der Wal (2023-10-03). "[2304.01373] Pythia: A Suite for Analyzing Large Language Models Across Training and Scaling". arXiv:2304.01373 [cs.CL].
- ^ "EleutherAI/pythia-6.9b · Hugging Face". huggingface.co. 2023-05-03. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
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