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The term '''Po Basin mixed forests''' applies to an [[Ecoregion]] in Northern [[Italy]].
{{Short description|Ecoregion in Italy}}
{{Infobox ecoregion
It consists of remnants of:
|name = Po Basin mixed forests
*mixed deciduous oak/hornbeam forest - ''[[Quercus robur]]'', ''[[Quercus cerris]]'', ''[[Carpinus betulus]]'',''[[Ulmus minor]]'', ''[[Fraxinus ornus]]''.
|image = Po a San Benedetto (Mantova) 2.jpg
|image_size =
|image_alt =
|caption = Po River at San Benedetto
|map = Ecoregion PA0432.svg
|map_size =
|map_alt =
|map_caption = Location of the Po Basin mixed forests
|ecozone = [[Palearctic realm|Palearctic]]
|biome = [[Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests]]
|animals =
|bird_species =
|mammal_species =
|border1 = [[Alps conifer and mixed forests]]
|border2 = [[Dinaric Mountains mixed forests]]
|border3 = [[Illyrian deciduous forests]],
|border4 = [[Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests]]
|area = 42,149
|country1 = [[Italy]]
|country2 = [[Switzerland]]
|state =
|region_type =
|elevation =
|geology =
|seas =
|rivers =
|climate =
|soil =
|conservation = Critical/endangered
|global200 =
|habitat_loss =
|habitat_loss_ref =
|coordinates =
|protected = 3,572 km<sup>2</sup> (8
|protected_ref = )<ref name =Dinerstein>Eric Dinerstein, David Olson, et al. (2017). An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm, BioScience, Volume 67, Issue 6, June 2017, Pages 534–545; Supplemental material 2 table S1b. [https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bix014]</ref>
|embedded =
}}


The '''Po Basin mixed forests''' is a [[temperate broadleaf and mixed forests]] [[ecoregion]] in the basin of the [[Po River]] in northern [[Italy]] and [[Switzerland]]'s [[Ticino]] canton.
*riparian forest as well as flood-plain vegetation of the [[Po (river)|Po Basin]]- ''[[Fraxinus oxycarpa]]'', ''[[Salix alba]]'', ''[[Alnus glutinosa]]'', ''[[Ulmus minor]]'', ''[[Populus alba]]'', ''[[Populus nigra]]'', ''Quercus robur''.


==Geography==
The freshwater ecosystems (zona umida) have a high level of biodiversity. Threatened (in Italy) plant species include ''[[Leucojum|Leucojum aestivum]]'', ''[[Halocnemum strobilaceum]]'', ''[[Nymphaea alba]]'', ''[[Bassia hirsuta]]'', ''[[Limonium bellidifolium]]'', ''[[Utricularia australis]]'', ''[[Thelypteris palustris]]'', ''[[Salvinia natans]]'', ''[[Sagittaria sagittifolia]]'' and ''[[Plantago cornuti]]''. Lesser-disturbed wetlands which are important breeding areas for many bird species are most significant biodiversity of the ecoregion. Examples are [[Grey Heron]], [[Purple Heron]], [[Great Egret]], [[Little Egret]], [[Squacco Heron]], [[Cattle Egret]], [[Great Bittern]], [[Little Bittern]], [[Pygmy Cormorant]] and [[Ferruginous Duck]].
The Po Basin is bounded on the north and west by the [[Alps]], and on the south by the [[Apennine Mountains]]. It opens onto the [[Adriatic Sea]] on the east.


==Flora==
The region is industrialised and has a long history of human pressure (pollution, shrinkage of wetlands, invasive species, and unsustainable hunting of waterfowl).
===Terrestrial plants===
The Po Basin mixed forests consists of remnants of:<br />
1. Mixed deciduous oak/hornbeam forest -
*''[[Quercus robur]]''
*''[[Quercus cerris]]''
*''[[Carpinus betulus]]''
*''[[Ulmus minor]]''
*''[[Fraxinus ornus]]''


2. [[Riparian forest]], as well as flood-plain vegetation of the [[Po (river)|Po Basin]] -
[[Image:Po a San Benedetto (Mantova) 2.jpg|230px|Po River at San Benedetto]]
*''[[Fraxinus oxycarpa]]''
*''[[Salix alba]]''
*''[[Alnus glutinosa]]''
*''[[Ulmus minor]]''
*''[[Populus alba]]''
*''[[Populus nigra]]''
*''[[Quercus robur]]''


3. Coastal submediterranean forest -
==See also==
*''[[Quercus ilex]]''
*[[Parco regionale del Delta del Po]]
*''[[Quercus cerris]]''
*''[[Olea europaea]]''
*''[[Pinus pinea]]''
*''[[Carpinus betulus]]''
*''[[Fraxinus ornus]]''

===Aquatic plants===
The freshwater ecosystems (''zona umida'') have a high level of biodiversity.<br />
Threatened (in Italy) plant species include
*''[[Leucojum|Leucojum aestivum]]''
*''[[Halocnemum strobilaceum]]''
*''[[Nymphaea alba]]''
*''[[Bassia hirsuta]]''
*''[[Limonium bellidifolium]]''
*''[[Utricularia australis]]''
*''[[Thelypteris palustris]]''
*''[[Salvinia natans]]''
*''[[Sagittaria sagittifolia]]''
*''[[Plantago cornuti]]''

==Fauna==
Less-disturbed wetlands which are important breeding areas for many bird species are most significant biodiversity of the ecoregion. Examples are [[grey heron]], [[purple heron]], [[great egret]], [[little egret]], [[squacco heron]], [[cattle egret]], [[great bittern]], [[little bittern]], [[pygmy cormorant]] and [[ferruginous duck]].

==Conservation==
The region is industrialised and has a long history of human pressure (shrinkage of wetlands, invasive species, and unsustainable hunting of waterfowl).

===Protected areas===
A 2017 assessment found that 3,572 km<sup>2</sup>, or 8%, of the ecoregion is in protected areas. Only 2% of the unprotected area remains in natural habitat.<ref name =Dinerstein/> Protected areas include the [[Euganean Hills Regional Park]], [[Po Delta Regional Parks (disambiguation)|Po Delta Regional Parks]]<!--intentional link to DAB page-->, and [[Mincio|Valli del Mincio Nature Reserve]].


==External links==
==External links==
*{{WWF ecoregion|id=pa0432|name=Po Basin mixed forests}}
*[http://www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/pa/pa0432_full.html WWF]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Paleartic temperate broadleaf and mixed forests}}


[[Category:Ecoregions in Italy]]
[[Category:Ecoregions of Italy]]
[[Category:Ecoregions of Switzerland]]
[[Category:Flora of Italy| ]]
[[Category:Flora of Switzerland| ]]
[[Category:Forests of Switzerland]]
[[Category:Palearctic ecoregions]]
[[Category:Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests]]

Latest revision as of 08:16, 30 March 2024

Po Basin mixed forests
Po River at San Benedetto
Location of the Po Basin mixed forests
Ecology
RealmPalearctic
BiomeTemperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Borders
Geography
Area42,149 km2 (16,274 sq mi)
Countries
Conservation
Conservation statusCritical/endangered
Protected3,572 km2 (8%)[1]

The Po Basin mixed forests is a temperate broadleaf and mixed forests ecoregion in the basin of the Po River in northern Italy and Switzerland's Ticino canton.

Geography

[edit]

The Po Basin is bounded on the north and west by the Alps, and on the south by the Apennine Mountains. It opens onto the Adriatic Sea on the east.

Flora

[edit]

Terrestrial plants

[edit]

The Po Basin mixed forests consists of remnants of:
1. Mixed deciduous oak/hornbeam forest -

2. Riparian forest, as well as flood-plain vegetation of the Po Basin -

3. Coastal submediterranean forest -

Aquatic plants

[edit]

The freshwater ecosystems (zona umida) have a high level of biodiversity.
Threatened (in Italy) plant species include

Fauna

[edit]

Less-disturbed wetlands which are important breeding areas for many bird species are most significant biodiversity of the ecoregion. Examples are grey heron, purple heron, great egret, little egret, squacco heron, cattle egret, great bittern, little bittern, pygmy cormorant and ferruginous duck.

Conservation

[edit]

The region is industrialised and has a long history of human pressure (shrinkage of wetlands, invasive species, and unsustainable hunting of waterfowl).

Protected areas

[edit]

A 2017 assessment found that 3,572 km2, or 8%, of the ecoregion is in protected areas. Only 2% of the unprotected area remains in natural habitat.[1] Protected areas include the Euganean Hills Regional Park, Po Delta Regional Parks, and Valli del Mincio Nature Reserve.

[edit]
  • "Po Basin mixed forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Eric Dinerstein, David Olson, et al. (2017). An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm, BioScience, Volume 67, Issue 6, June 2017, Pages 534–545; Supplemental material 2 table S1b. [1]
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