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| ⚫ | '''Matonabbee''' ( |
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{{Short description|Chipewyan hunter and leader}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Matonabbee''' ({{circa|1737}}–1782) was a [[Chipewyan]] hunter and leader. He was also a trader and a Chipewyan representative at the [[Prince of Wales Fort]]. He travelled with Chief [[Akaitcho]]'s older brother, Keskarrah.<ref name="Crowe">{{cite book|last=Crowe|first=Keith J. |title=A history of the original peoples of northern Canada |publisher=McGill-Queen's Press|date=1991 |edition=2nd|page=79|isbn=0-7735-0880-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iBISw4pPaDoC&q=akaitcho+chief+wives&pg=PA79}}</ref> After his father died, Matonabbee spent some time living at Prince of Wales Fort where he learned to speak English. |
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He acted as a guide for [[Samuel Hearne]] during his exploration from 1770 to 1772. On July 14, 1771, on Arctic overland journey, he, his followers, and |
He acted as a guide for [[Samuel Hearne]] during his exploration from 1770 to 1772, together they travelled more than {{convert|5600|km|abbr=on}}. On July 14, 1771, while on an [[Arctic]] overland journey, he, his followers, and a group of [[Yellowknives]], [[Dene]] Suline, also known as Chepewyan, who had joined them at [[McArthur Lake (Northwest Territories)|Clowey Lake]],<ref>Hearne, Samuel. (1745–1792) A Journey to the Northern Ocean: The Adventures of Samuel Hearne. Surrey, BC: TouchWood Editions.</ref> massacred a group of over 20 unsuspecting Inuinnait, also known as [[Copper Inuit]]; this would be known as the [[Bloody Falls massacre]]. |
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A combination of the deaths of many Chipewyans during a [[1775–1782 North American smallpox epidemic|smallpox epidemic of 1782]], and the [[Hudson Bay expedition|defeat of Fort Prince of Wales]] by the French in the same year, caused Matonabbee to become depressed. Fort Prince of Wales had been the primary source of his fortune and fame and he had been the main middleman between the various tribes of the [[Cree]] and the [[Hudson's Bay Company]]. He then committed suicide by hanging himself, thus being the earliest record of a northern [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] to kill himself. |
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== Literature == |
== Literature == |
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* Strother Roberts |
* {{cite journal |author=Strother Roberts |title=The life and death of Matonabbee: fur trade and leadership among the Chipewyan, 1736–1782 |journal=Manitoba History |publisher=Manitoba Historical Society |issue=55 |date=June 2007 |s2cid=165515367}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://www.uwo.ca/english/canadianpoetry/eng%20274e/hearne.htm Samuel Hearne's account of Matonabbee] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110612042514/http://www.uwo.ca/english/canadianpoetry/eng%20274e/hearne.htm Samuel Hearne's account of Matonabbee] |
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* {{cite encyclopedia |title=Matonabbee |first=David |last=Lee |encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |publisher=[[Historica Canada]] |edition=online |orig-year=February 7, 2006 |date=December 16, 2013 |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/matonabbee}} |
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*[http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=J1ARTJ0005he.167 The Canadian Encyclopedia] |
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* {{cite DCB |first=Beryl C. |last=Gillespie |title=Matonabbee |volume=4 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/matonabbee_4E.html}} |
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*[http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=2055 Biography at the ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online''] |
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{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> |
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| NAME = Matonabbee |
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| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = |
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION = |
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| DATE OF BIRTH = |
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| PLACE OF BIRTH = |
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| DATE OF DEATH = 1782 |
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| PLACE OF DEATH = |
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}} |
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[[Category:1730s births]] |
[[Category:1730s births]] |
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[[Category:1782 deaths]] |
[[Category:1782 deaths]] |
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[[Category:18th-century indigenous people of the Americas]] |
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[[Category:Dene people]] |
[[Category:Dene people]] |
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[[Category:Explorers who committed suicide]] |
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[[Category:Canadian explorers]] |
[[Category:Canadian explorers]] |
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[[Category:National Historic |
[[Category:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)]] |
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[[Category:Suicides by hanging in Canada]] |
[[Category:Suicides by hanging in Canada]] |
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[[Category:18th-century suicides]] |
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{{Canada-explorer-stub}} |
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[[de:Matonabbee]] |
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[[es:Matonabbee]] |
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[[fr:Matonabbee]] |
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Latest revision as of 17:04, 17 July 2023
Matonabbee (c. 1737–1782) was a Chipewyan hunter and leader. He was also a trader and a Chipewyan representative at the Prince of Wales Fort. He travelled with Chief Akaitcho's older brother, Keskarrah.[1] After his father died, Matonabbee spent some time living at Prince of Wales Fort where he learned to speak English.
He acted as a guide for Samuel Hearne during his exploration from 1770 to 1772, together they travelled more than 5,600 km (3,500 mi). On July 14, 1771, while on an Arctic overland journey, he, his followers, and a group of Yellowknives, Dene Suline, also known as Chepewyan, who had joined them at Clowey Lake,[2] massacred a group of over 20 unsuspecting Inuinnait, also known as Copper Inuit; this would be known as the Bloody Falls massacre.
A combination of the deaths of many Chipewyans during a smallpox epidemic of 1782, and the defeat of Fort Prince of Wales by the French in the same year, caused Matonabbee to become depressed. Fort Prince of Wales had been the primary source of his fortune and fame and he had been the main middleman between the various tribes of the Cree and the Hudson's Bay Company. He then committed suicide by hanging himself, thus being the earliest record of a northern First Nations to kill himself.
Literature
[edit]- Strother Roberts (June 2007). "The life and death of Matonabbee: fur trade and leadership among the Chipewyan, 1736–1782". Manitoba History (55). Manitoba Historical Society. S2CID 165515367.
References
[edit]- ^ Crowe, Keith J. (1991). A history of the original peoples of northern Canada (2nd ed.). McGill-Queen's Press. p. 79. ISBN 0-7735-0880-5.
- ^ Hearne, Samuel. (1745–1792) A Journey to the Northern Ocean: The Adventures of Samuel Hearne. Surrey, BC: TouchWood Editions.
External links
[edit]- Samuel Hearne's account of Matonabbee
- Lee, David (16 December 2013) [February 7, 2006]. "Matonabbee". The Canadian Encyclopedia (online ed.). Historica Canada.
- Gillespie, Beryl C. (1979). "Matonabbee". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.