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A lakh (/læk, lɑːk/; abbreviated L; sometimes written Lac^[1] or Lacs; Devanāgarī: लाख) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 10⁵).^[2]^[1]^[3] In the Indian convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. For example, in India 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as ₹1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000.

It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English. In Pakistan, the word lakh is used mostly in local languages rather than in English media.^{[citation needed]}

Usage

In Indian English, the word is used both as an attributive and non-attributive noun, and with either a marked ("-s") or unmarked plural, as in: "1 lakh people" or "1 lakh of people"; "200 lakh rupees"; "5 lakh of rupees"; "rupees 10 lakh"; or "5 lakh of rupees". In the abbreviated form, usage such as "₹5L" (for "rupees 5 lakh") is common.^{[citation needed]} In this system of numeration 100 lakh is called one crore and is equal to 10 million.

Money

In colloquial Urdu, especially in the city of Karachi, the word peti ("suitcase") is also used to denote one lakh rupees. This originated during the General Zia era, when the largest denomination of currency was the 100 rupee note, and one lakh rupees would fill a small suitcase (peti as in Bombay Hindi). Hence, even after the Zia era, one peti has continued to mean one lakh rupees.^{[citation needed]}

The word lakhi is commonly used throughout Tanzania to denote 100,000 shillings and is likely to have entered the Swahili language from Indian and Pakistani immigrants.^{[citation needed]}

Silver market

The term is also used in the pricing of silver on the international precious metals market, where one lakh equals 100,000 troy ounces (3,100 kilograms) of silver.^[4]^[5]

Etymology and regional variants

The modern word lakh represents Sanskrit laksha (Devanagari: लक्ष lakṣa), originally denoting "mark, target, stake in gambling", but also used as the numeral for "100,000" in Gupta-era classical Sanskrit (Yājñavalkya Smṛti).^[6]

South Asian languages

Assamese: লাখ lakh
Bengali: লাখ lakh or লক্ষ lokkho
Dhivehi: ލައްކަ lakka
Gujarati: લાખ lākh
Hindi: लाख lākh
- Bombay Hindi: पेटी peṭi
  (Peṭi refers to a briefcase. That is, the amount of money in ₹ 100 notes that can fit into a briefcase.)
Kannada: ಲಕ್ಷ laksha
Kashmiri: lach
Khasi: lak
Konkani: लाख lākh or ಲಕ್ಷ lakṣa
Malayalam: ലക്ഷം laksham
Marathi: लाख lākh or लक्ष lakṣa
Nepali: लाख lākh
Odia: ଲକ୍ଷ lôkhyô
Pashto: لاکھ lakh
Punjabi: ਲੱਖ/لکھ lakkh
Rohingya: lák
Template:Lang-sd lakhu
Sinhalese: ලක්ෂ laksha
Sylheti: ꠟꠣꠈ lakh
Tamil : இலட்சம் laṭcham
Telugu: లక్ష lakṣha
Tulu: ಲಕ್ಷ laksha
Urdu: لاکھ lākh

References

^ ^a ^b Rowlett, Russ (2008-12-15) [1998]. "lakh". How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Archived from the original on 2016-07-02. Retrieved 2016-08-29. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "lakh". Oxford English Dictionary (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. 1933.
^ Lange, Norbert Adolph (1973) [1934]. Dean, John Aurie (ed.). Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (11 ed.). New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Book Company. p. 3-16. ISBN 0-07-016190-9. Retrieved 2016-08-28. Prefixes for Naming Multiples and Submultiples of Units: […] The prefix "myria" is sometimes used for 10⁴ and "lakh" for 10⁵.
^ Gilkes, Paul (3 July 2017). "CME Group/Thomson Reuters step down from executing the London silver fix". Retrieved 5 July 2017.
^ "Units of Measure". perthmint.com.au. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
^ Turner, Sir Ralph Lilley (1985). "lakṣá10881". "lakṣá 10881" in: A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages. London: Oxford University Press, 1962-1966. Includes three supplements, published 1969-1985. Digital South Asia Library, a project of the Center for Research Libraries and the University of Chicago. p. 629. Archived from the original on 2012-12-15. Retrieved 2010-08-22. lakṣá masculine "stake, prize" R̥gveda, "mark, sign" Mahābhārata, "100,000" Yājñavalkya, "aim" Kālidāsa] {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

External links

IINRG, Ranchi. "Government Organisation".

[Rowlett_2008-1] Rowlett, Russ (2008-12-15) [1998]. "lakh". How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Archived from the original on 2016-07-02. Retrieved 2016-08-29. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[OED1-2] "lakh". Oxford English Dictionary (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. 1933.

[Dean_1973-3] Lange, Norbert Adolph (1973) [1934]. Dean, John Aurie (ed.). Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (11 ed.). New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Book Company. p. 3-16. ISBN 0-07-016190-9. Retrieved 2016-08-28. Prefixes for Naming Multiples and Submultiples of Units: […] The prefix "myria" is sometimes used for 10⁴ and "lakh" for 10⁵.

[4] Gilkes, Paul (3 July 2017). "CME Group/Thomson Reuters step down from executing the London silver fix". Retrieved 5 July 2017.

[5] "Units of Measure". perthmint.com.au. Retrieved 6 September 2015.

[6] Turner, Sir Ralph Lilley (1985). "lakṣá10881". "lakṣá 10881" in: A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages. London: Oxford University Press, 1962-1966. Includes three supplements, published 1969-1985. Digital South Asia Library, a project of the Center for Research Libraries and the University of Chicago. p. 629. Archived from the original on 2012-12-15. Retrieved 2010-08-22. lakṣá masculine "stake, prize" R̥gveda, "mark, sign" Mahābhārata, "100,000" Yājñavalkya, "aim" Kālidāsa] {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{short description|unit in Indian numbering system}}
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 A '''''lakh''''' ({{IPAc-en|l|æ|k|,_|l|ɑː|k}}; abbreviated '''L'''; sometimes written '''''Lac'''''<ref name="Rowlett_2008">{{cite dictionary|title=lakh |encyclopedia=How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement |author-first=Russ |author-last=Rowlett |publisher=[[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]] |date=2008-12-15 |orig-year=1998 |access-date=2016-08-29 |url=http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/units/dictL.html |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160702030033/http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/units/dictL.html |archive-date=2016-07-02 |df= }}</ref> or '''''Lacs'''''; Devanāgarī: लाख) is a unit in the [[Indian numbering system]] equal to [[100000 (number)|one hundred thousand]] (100,000; [[scientific notation]]:&nbsp;10<sup>5</sup>).<ref name="OED1">{{OED1|lakh}}</ref><ref name="Rowlett_2008"/><ref name="Dean_1973">{{cite book |title=Lange's Handbook of Chemistry |author-first=Norbert Adolph |author-last=Lange |editor-first=John Aurie |editor-last=Dean |date=1973 |orig-year=1934 |edition=11 |isbn=0-07-016190-9<!-- 978-0-07-016190-0 --> |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Book Company]] |location=New York, USA |page=3-16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?redir_esc=y&hl=de&id=bXYRAQAAIAAJ |access-date=2016-08-28 |quote=Prefixes for Naming Multiples and Submultiples of Units: […] The prefix "[[myria-|myria]]" is sometimes used for 10<sup>4</sup> and "lakh" for 10<sup>5</sup>.}}</ref> <!--The commas here are in their proper place. Please do not change to 100,00.-->  In the Indian convention of [[Indian numbering system#Use of separators|digit grouping]], it is written as '''1,00,000'''.  For example, in India 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 ''lakh'' rupees, written as {{INR}}1,50,000 or INR&nbsp;1,50,000.