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{{Short description|Italian multi-force law enforcement agency}}
The '''Direzione Investigativa Antimafia''' (literally "Anti-Mafia Investigation Department", also known as '''DIA''') is an Italian multi-force agency dedicated to solving and preventing [[mafia]]-related crimes.
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = Direzione Investigativa Antimafia
| dates = Since 1991
| country = Italy
| allegiance = [[Polizia di Stato]]<br />[[Arma dei Carabinieri]]<br />[[Guardia di Finanza]]<br/>[[Polizia Penitenziaria]]
| type = Interforce investigation office
| role = Contrast of [[mafia]]
| command_structure = Department of Public Security ([[Ministry of the Interior (Italy)|Italian Ministry of the Interior]])
| garrison = Rome and other 20 peripheral offices
| garrison_label = Headquarters
| motto = ''Vis Unita Fortior'' (Strength United is Stronger)
| website = http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it
| commander1 = Maurizio Vallone
| commander1_label = Director
}}
The '''Direzione Investigativa Antimafia''' ('''DIA'''), also known as the '''Anti-Mafia Investigation Division''', is an Italian multi-force investigation body under the Department of Public Security of the [[Ministry of the Interior (Italy)|Ministry of the Interior]]. Its main task is the fight against the [[mafia]]-related [[organized crime in Italy]].


== External link ==
== History ==
DIA was established with the law decree n. 345 of 29 October 1991,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legge:1991-10-29;345!vig=|title=DECRETO-LEGGE 29 ottobre 1991, n. 345|website=Normattiva|language=it}}</ref> following the intensification of the fight against the [[Sicilian Mafia]] in Italy, just before [[Capaci bombing|the killing]] of magistrate [[Giovanni Falcone]], the main inspiration and promoter, and was created with the urgent decree during the [[Andreotti VII Cabinet|Andreotti VII government]] and [[Italian Minister of Justice]] [[Claudio Martelli]] as a police multy-force body ([[Carabinieri]], [[Polizia di Stato]] and [[Guardia di Finanza]]).
⚫
[http://www.interno.gov.it/dip_ps/dia/ Official website]

The DIA was established just before the ''Direzione Nazionale Antimafia'' ('National Anti-Mafia Directorate'), with its national anti-mafia prosecutor, and the ''direzioni distrettuali antimafia'' ('Districtual Anti-Mafia Directorates'), spread on all the Italian territory within the 26 Court of Appeal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legge:1991-11-20;367!vig=|title=DECRETO-LEGGE 20 novembre 1991, n. 367|website=Normattiva|language=it|quote=Artt. 5–9}}</ref> The first director of DIA was the general of [[Carabinieri]] [[Giuseppe Tavormina]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1991/10/30/arma-polizia-si-dividono-fbi.html|title=Arma e polizia si dividono l'FBI|last=D'Avanzo|first=Giuseppe|date=30 October 1991|website=La Repubblica|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019|quote=La Direzione investigativa antimafia (Dia) ha il suo direttore operativo. E' il generale dei carabinieri Giuseppe Tavormina.}}</ref>

Since 2013, as a police force with general competence, the [[Polizia Penitenziaria]] has been part of the DIA organics according to the legislative decree n. 218 of 15 November 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legislativo:2012-11-15;218!vig=|title=DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 15 novembre 2012, n. 218|website=Normattiva|language=it|quote=Art. 8, § 1C}}</ref>

== Description ==
The DIA is a specialized investigation body with the exclusive task of ensuring the proceeding, in a coordinated form, of the preventive investigation activities regarding the organized crime, and to carry out judiciary police investigations related exclusively to crimes attributable to like-mafia associations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/semestrali/sem/2003/1_volume_1sem_2003.pdf|title=Contrasto alla criminalità organizzata di tipo mafioso|year=2003|website=Direzione Investigazione Antimafia|language=it|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref>

It is an inter-force composition; members are selected from those of the Italian police forces and from the civil personnel of the internal administration (belonging to the public security).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sicurezzapubblica.wikidot.com/amministrazione-della-pubblica-sicurezza|title=Sicurezza Pubblica|date=8 August 2011|language=it|access-date=24 November 2018}}</ref>

=== Structure ===
DIA has its own collocation within the Department of Public Security. It has full administrative-financial and management autonomy and its organization is defined by the Ministry of Interior with proper decrees, after consulting the ''Consiglio generale per la lotta alla criminalità organizzata'' ('General Council for the Contrast Against Organized Crime').<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legislativo:2011-09-06;159!vig=|title=DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 6 settembre 2011, n. 159|website=Normattiva|language=it|quote=Art. 108, § 9.}}</ref>

At the top of the structure there is a director, chosen in rotation between general officers of [[Guardia di Finanza]] and [[Carabinieri]] as well as senior directors of [[Polizia di Stato]] who had matured a specific competence in the field of the fight against organized crime.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/page/istituzioni.html|title=Istituzione|date=24 November 2018|website=Direzione Investigativa Antimafia|language=it|access-date=24 November 2018|archive-date=9 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109225056/http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/page/istituzioni.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the exercise of his functions, the director is joined to two deputy director, and to one of them is given also the vicarious function, who have the task of overseeing respectively the operative and administrative activities.<ref name=":1" />

The organization is formed by a central building in Rome, articulated in a cabinet division, 3 departments ('Preventive Investigations', 'Judicial Investigations' and 'International Relations for Investigation Purposes') and 7 offices.<ref name=":1" /> DIA has a peripheral structure formed by 12 operative centers ([[Turin]], Milan, [[Genoa]], [[Padua]], [[Florence]], Rome, [[Naples]], [[Bari]], [[Reggio Calabria]], [[Palermo]], [[Catania]], [[Caltanissetta]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/page/centri_sez_op.html|title=Centri e sezioni operative|website=Direzione Investigativa Antimafia|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-date=9 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709113733/http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/page/centri_sez_op.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>) and 9 operative sections ([[Trieste]], [[Salerno]], [[Lecce]], [[Catanzaro]], [[Messina]], [[Trapani]], [[Agrigento]], [[Bologna]], [[Brescia]]<ref name=":2" />).

=== Functions ===
DIA has the tasks of performing investigations of judiciary police related to crimes of mafia-type association and it ensures the progress of preventive investigation activities regarding organized crime.

The director of DIA can propose to courts, competent for territory, the imposition of preventive measures both personal (like special surveillance) and patrimonial (seizure of assets) kind. In particular, the DIA, coordinated by Anti-mafia National Prosecutor, and the anti-mafia district directorates use their instruments as well as the Central DNA laboratory of [[Polizia Penitenziaria]] for own investigations.

== Statistics ==
From 1992 to 31 December 2018, DIA seized assets for over €17 billions and confiscation for almost €10 billions.<ref name="statistiche">{{Cite web|url=http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/page/rilevazioni_statistiche.html|title=Direzione Investigativa Antimafia – rilevazioni statistiche|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-date=9 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709122144/http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/page/rilevazioni_statistiche.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Moreover, in the same period, about 10 501 people accused of mafia association had been arrested.<ref name="statistiche" />

== Organization ==

* Director: divisional general of Carabinieri Giuseppe Governale (2 October 2017– ) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/governale-nella-dia-team-sempre-piu-specializzati-AEedxgcC|title=Governale: "Nella Dia team sempre più specializzati"|author=Roberto Galullo|date=1 October 2017|website=il Sole24ore|language=it|access-date=9 July 2010}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/page/direzione.html|title=Direzione|website=Direzione Investigativa Antimafia|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Deputy technical operative director (vicarious): senior director of Polizia di Stato Gilberto Roman Guglielmo Caldarozzi<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/direzione-investigativa-antimafia-caldarozzi-nominato-vicedirettore-AEQKJ3QC|title=Direzione investigativa antimafia, Caldarozzi nominato vicedirettore|last=Ludovico|first=Marco|date=11 September 2017|website=Il Sole 24 ORE|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Deputy administrative director: brigadier general of Guardia di Finanza Alessandro Popoli.<ref name=":5" />

== Directors ==

* Giuseppe Tavormina (1991–1993) divisional general of Carabinieri<ref name=":4" />
* Gianni De Gennaro (1993–1994) general director of Public Security<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1993/03/27/de-gennaro-capo-della-dia.html|title=De Gennaro a capo della DIA|date=27 March 1993|website=La Repubblica|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Giovanni Verdicchio (1994–1997) general of Guardia di Finanza<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archivio.unita.news/assets/main/1994/08/27/page_006.pdf|title=Una fiamma gialla contro le cosche|date=27 August 1994|website=L'Unità|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Carlo Alfiero (1997–2001) divisional general of Carabinieri<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1997/09/13/un-carabiniere-alla-testa-della-dia.html|title=Un carabiniere alla testa della DIA|date=13 September 1997|website=La Repubblica|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Agatino Pappalardo (2001–2002) general director of Public Security<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2001/04/10/il-generale-alfiero-lascia-la-dia-sara.html|title=Il generale Alfiero lascia la Dia sarà vicecomandante dell'Arma|date=10 April 2001|website=la Repubblica|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019|quote=Il generale di Corpo d' armata Carlo Alfiero lascia la Direzione investigativa antimafia (Dia) [...]. Al suo posto in via di Priscilla si insedia Agatino Pappalardo, che da oggi sarà il nuovo direttore della Dia.}}</ref>
* Achille Dello Russo (2002–2005) general director of Public Security<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.adnkronos.com/Archivio/AdnAgenzia/2002/06/11/Politica/VIMINALE-DELLO-RUSSO-NUOVO-DIRETTORE-DELLA-DIA_140300.php|title=Viminale: Dello Russo nuovo direttore della DIA|date=11 June 2002|website=Adnkronos|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Cosimo Sasso (2005–2008) general of Guardia di Finanza<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.adnkronos.com/Archivio/AdnAgenzia/2005/06/18/Cronaca/MAFIA-GEN-COSIMO-SASSO-DIVENTA-DIRETTORE-DIA_110124.php|title=Mafia: gen. Cosimo Sasso diventa direttore DIA|date=18 June 2005|website=Adnkronos|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Antonio Girone (2008–2011) divisional general of Carabinieri<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.poliziadistato.it/articolo/13839-CAMBIO_AL_VERTICE_DELLA_DIREZIONE_INVESTIGATIVA_ANTIMAFIA/|title=Cambio al vertice della direzione investigativa antimafia|date=30 October 2008|website=Polizia di Stato|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Alfonso D'Alfonso (2011–2012) general director of Public Security<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.poliziadistato.it/statics/24/curriculum_alfonso_d_alfonso.pdf|title=Curriculum vitae – Alfonso D'Alfonso|website=Polizia di Stato|language=it|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
* Arturo De Felice (2012–2014) general director of State Police<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.poliziadistato.it/articolo/27555|title=Dia: De Felice sostituisce D'Alfonso|date=31 October 2012|website=Polizia di Stato|language=it}}</ref>
* Nunzio Antonio Ferla (2014–2017) divisional general of Guardia di Finanza<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberainformazione.org/2014/10/01/cambio-al-vertice-della-dia-nominato-direttore-nunzio-antonio-ferla/|title=Cambio al vertice della Dia: nominato direttore Nunzio Antonio Ferla|date=1 October 2014|website=Liberainformazione|language=it-IT|access-date=9 July 2019}}</ref>
* Giuseppe Governale (2017 – ) divisional general of Carabinieri<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it/page/direttore.html|title=Il direttore|website=Direzione Investigativa Antimafia|language=it|access-date=10 July 2019}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Italy|law}}

* [[Organized crime in Italy]]
* [[Antimafia Commission]]
* [[Antimafia Pool]]
* [[DIGOS]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==

* {{Cite book|title=La direzione investigativa antimafia|last=Iannielli|first=Francesco|last2=Rocchegiani|first2=Michele|publisher=Giuffrè|year=1995}}
* {{Cite book|title=Il ruolo del Pubblico Ministero – Esperienze in Europa|last=Muhm|first=Raoul|last2=Caselli|first2=Gian Carlo|publisher=Vecchiarelli Editore Manziana|year=2005|ISBN=888247156X|location=Rome}}
* {{Cite book|title=Codice delle leggi antimafia e delle misure di prevenzione|last=Sole|first=Davide|publisher=Maggioli|year=2011}}

== External links ==

⚫
* {{cite web|url=http://www1.interno.gov.it/dip_ps/dia/index.html|title=Official website|language=it}}

{{National intelligence agencies}}

[[Category:Antimafia]]
[[Category:Specialist law enforcement agencies of Italy]]

Latest revision as of 06:39, 27 July 2024

Direzione Investigativa Antimafia
ActiveSince 1991
CountryItaly
AllegiancePolizia di Stato
Arma dei Carabinieri
Guardia di Finanza
Polizia Penitenziaria
TypeInterforce investigation office
RoleContrast of mafia
Part ofDepartment of Public Security (Italian Ministry of the Interior)
HeadquartersRome and other 20 peripheral offices
Motto(s)Vis Unita Fortior (Strength United is Stronger)
Websitehttp://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it
Commanders
DirectorMaurizio Vallone

The Direzione Investigativa Antimafia (DIA), also known as the Anti-Mafia Investigation Division, is an Italian multi-force investigation body under the Department of Public Security of the Ministry of the Interior. Its main task is the fight against the mafia-related organized crime in Italy.

History

[edit]

DIA was established with the law decree n. 345 of 29 October 1991,[1] following the intensification of the fight against the Sicilian Mafia in Italy, just before the killing of magistrate Giovanni Falcone, the main inspiration and promoter, and was created with the urgent decree during the Andreotti VII government and Italian Minister of Justice Claudio Martelli as a police multy-force body (Carabinieri, Polizia di Stato and Guardia di Finanza).

The DIA was established just before the Direzione Nazionale Antimafia ('National Anti-Mafia Directorate'), with its national anti-mafia prosecutor, and the direzioni distrettuali antimafia ('Districtual Anti-Mafia Directorates'), spread on all the Italian territory within the 26 Court of Appeal.[2] The first director of DIA was the general of Carabinieri Giuseppe Tavormina.[3]

Since 2013, as a police force with general competence, the Polizia Penitenziaria has been part of the DIA organics according to the legislative decree n. 218 of 15 November 2012.[4]

Description

[edit]

The DIA is a specialized investigation body with the exclusive task of ensuring the proceeding, in a coordinated form, of the preventive investigation activities regarding the organized crime, and to carry out judiciary police investigations related exclusively to crimes attributable to like-mafia associations.[5]

It is an inter-force composition; members are selected from those of the Italian police forces and from the civil personnel of the internal administration (belonging to the public security).[6]

Structure

[edit]

DIA has its own collocation within the Department of Public Security. It has full administrative-financial and management autonomy and its organization is defined by the Ministry of Interior with proper decrees, after consulting the Consiglio generale per la lotta alla criminalità organizzata ('General Council for the Contrast Against Organized Crime').[7]

At the top of the structure there is a director, chosen in rotation between general officers of Guardia di Finanza and Carabinieri as well as senior directors of Polizia di Stato who had matured a specific competence in the field of the fight against organized crime.[8] In the exercise of his functions, the director is joined to two deputy director, and to one of them is given also the vicarious function, who have the task of overseeing respectively the operative and administrative activities.[8]

The organization is formed by a central building in Rome, articulated in a cabinet division, 3 departments ('Preventive Investigations', 'Judicial Investigations' and 'International Relations for Investigation Purposes') and 7 offices.[8] DIA has a peripheral structure formed by 12 operative centers (Turin, Milan, Genoa, Padua, Florence, Rome, Naples, Bari, Reggio Calabria, Palermo, Catania, Caltanissetta[9]) and 9 operative sections (Trieste, Salerno, Lecce, Catanzaro, Messina, Trapani, Agrigento, Bologna, Brescia[9]).

Functions

[edit]

DIA has the tasks of performing investigations of judiciary police related to crimes of mafia-type association and it ensures the progress of preventive investigation activities regarding organized crime.

The director of DIA can propose to courts, competent for territory, the imposition of preventive measures both personal (like special surveillance) and patrimonial (seizure of assets) kind. In particular, the DIA, coordinated by Anti-mafia National Prosecutor, and the anti-mafia district directorates use their instruments as well as the Central DNA laboratory of Polizia Penitenziaria for own investigations.

Statistics

[edit]

From 1992 to 31 December 2018, DIA seized assets for over €17 billions and confiscation for almost €10 billions.[10] Moreover, in the same period, about 10 501 people accused of mafia association had been arrested.[10]

Organization

[edit]
  • Director: divisional general of Carabinieri Giuseppe Governale (2 October 2017– ) [11][12]
  • Deputy technical operative director (vicarious): senior director of Polizia di Stato Gilberto Roman Guglielmo Caldarozzi[13]
  • Deputy administrative director: brigadier general of Guardia di Finanza Alessandro Popoli.[12]

Directors

[edit]
  • Giuseppe Tavormina (1991–1993) divisional general of Carabinieri[3]
  • Gianni De Gennaro (1993–1994) general director of Public Security[14]
  • Giovanni Verdicchio (1994–1997) general of Guardia di Finanza[15]
  • Carlo Alfiero (1997–2001) divisional general of Carabinieri[16]
  • Agatino Pappalardo (2001–2002) general director of Public Security[17]
  • Achille Dello Russo (2002–2005) general director of Public Security[18]
  • Cosimo Sasso (2005–2008) general of Guardia di Finanza[19]
  • Antonio Girone (2008–2011) divisional general of Carabinieri[20]
  • Alfonso D'Alfonso (2011–2012) general director of Public Security[21]
  • Arturo De Felice (2012–2014) general director of State Police[22]
  • Nunzio Antonio Ferla (2014–2017) divisional general of Guardia di Finanza[23]
  • Giuseppe Governale (2017 – ) divisional general of Carabinieri[24]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "DECRETO-LEGGE 29 ottobre 1991, n. 345". Normattiva (in Italian).
  2. ^ "DECRETO-LEGGE 20 novembre 1991, n. 367". Normattiva (in Italian). Artt. 5–9
  3. ^ a b D'Avanzo, Giuseppe (30 October 1991). "Arma e polizia si dividono l'FBI". La Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 11 July 2019. La Direzione investigativa antimafia (Dia) ha il suo direttore operativo. E' il generale dei carabinieri Giuseppe Tavormina.
  4. ^ "DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 15 novembre 2012, n. 218". Normattiva (in Italian). Art. 8, § 1C
  5. ^ "Contrasto alla criminalità organizzata di tipo mafioso" (PDF). Direzione Investigazione Antimafia (in Italian). 2003. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  6. ^ "Sicurezza Pubblica" (in Italian). 8 August 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  7. ^ "DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 6 settembre 2011, n. 159". Normattiva (in Italian). Art. 108, § 9.
  8. ^ a b c "Istituzione". Direzione Investigativa Antimafia (in Italian). 24 November 2018. Archived from the original on 9 January 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  9. ^ a b "Centri e sezioni operative". Direzione Investigativa Antimafia (in Italian). Archived from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  10. ^ a b "Direzione Investigativa Antimafia – rilevazioni statistiche" (in Italian). Archived from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  11. ^ Roberto Galullo (1 October 2017). "Governale: "Nella Dia team sempre più specializzati"". il Sole24ore (in Italian). Retrieved 9 July 2010.
  12. ^ a b "Direzione". Direzione Investigativa Antimafia (in Italian). Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  13. ^ Ludovico, Marco (11 September 2017). "Direzione investigativa antimafia, Caldarozzi nominato vicedirettore". Il Sole 24 ORE (in Italian). Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  14. ^ "De Gennaro a capo della DIA". La Repubblica (in Italian). 27 March 1993. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  15. ^ "Una fiamma gialla contro le cosche" (PDF). L'Unità (in Italian). 27 August 1994. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  16. ^ "Un carabiniere alla testa della DIA". La Repubblica (in Italian). 13 September 1997. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  17. ^ "Il generale Alfiero lascia la Dia sarà vicecomandante dell'Arma". la Repubblica (in Italian). 10 April 2001. Retrieved 11 July 2019. Il generale di Corpo d' armata Carlo Alfiero lascia la Direzione investigativa antimafia (Dia) [...]. Al suo posto in via di Priscilla si insedia Agatino Pappalardo, che da oggi sarà il nuovo direttore della Dia.
  18. ^ "Viminale: Dello Russo nuovo direttore della DIA". Adnkronos (in Italian). 11 June 2002. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  19. ^ "Mafia: gen. Cosimo Sasso diventa direttore DIA". Adnkronos (in Italian). 18 June 2005. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  20. ^ "Cambio al vertice della direzione investigativa antimafia". Polizia di Stato (in Italian). 30 October 2008. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  21. ^ "Curriculum vitae – Alfonso D'Alfonso" (PDF). Polizia di Stato (in Italian). Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  22. ^ "Dia: De Felice sostituisce D'Alfonso". Polizia di Stato (in Italian). 31 October 2012.
  23. ^ "Cambio al vertice della Dia: nominato direttore Nunzio Antonio Ferla". Liberainformazione (in Italian). 1 October 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  24. ^ "Il direttore". Direzione Investigativa Antimafia (in Italian). Retrieved 10 July 2019.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Iannielli, Francesco; Rocchegiani, Michele (1995). La direzione investigativa antimafia. Giuffrè.
  • Muhm, Raoul; Caselli, Gian Carlo (2005). Il ruolo del Pubblico Ministero – Esperienze in Europa. Rome: Vecchiarelli Editore Manziana. ISBN 888247156X.
  • Sole, Davide (2011). Codice delle leggi antimafia e delle misure di prevenzione. Maggioli.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Direzione_Investigativa_Antimafia&oldid=1236918002"