Battle of Pine Bluff: Difference between revisions

Battle of Pine Bluff
	Part of the American Civil War
Date	October 25, 1863 (161 years ago)
Location	Jefferson County, Arkansas34°13′47″N 92°00′12″W / 34.22972°N 92.00333°W
Result	Union victory
Belligerents
United States (Union)	Confederate States
Commanders and leaders
Powell Clayton	John S. Marmaduke
Units involved
Post of Pine Bluff	Marmaduke's Division
Strength
550 cavalry and militia,; 300 freedmen,; 9 guns	2,000 cavalry,; 12 guns
Casualties and losses
16 dead and 40 wounded or missing	41 dead, wounded or missing
	Pine Bluff class=notpageimage\| Location in Arkansas

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Revision as of 13:28, 9 November 2024

The Battle of Pine Bluff, also known as the Action at Pine Bluff, was an engagement fought on October 25, 1863 in Jefferson County, Arkansas during the American Civil War. The Post of Pine Bluff, a United States garrison commanded by Colonel Powell Clayton, successfully defended the town against attacks led by Confederate Brigadier-General John S. Marmaduke's cavalry division. Much of the fighting took place near Jefferson Courthouse, which the Confederates tried unsuccessfully to set ablaze. The Union victory ensured Pine Bluff was occupied by U.S. forces until the end of the war.^[1]

Background

After the capture of Little Rock on September 10, 1863, Union forces occupied several towns along the Arkansas. Confederate Brigadier-General John S. Marmaduke, commanding a cavalry division, decided to test their strength at Pine Bluff. On Sunday, October 25, Marmaduke attacked the Post of Pine Bluff, a U.S. garrison commanded by Colonel Powell Clayton of the 5th Kansas Cavalry.^[1]

Battle

At 8 a.m., Marmaduke's 2,000 Confederate cavalry approached Pine Bluff from three sides. The 550 Federal cavalrymen and Missouri militia, supported by 300 freedmen, barricaded the courthouse square with cotton-bales and positioned the cannon to command the adjacent streets. Marmaduke's Division made several attacks upon the square, then attempted to set the county courthouse on fire. They were unsuccessful and withdrew to Princeton, Arkansas.^[1]^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c The Conservation Fund (1998). Kennedy, Frances H. (ed.). The Civil War Battlefield Guide (2nd ed.). New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. 233. ISBN 0-395-74012-6. OCLC 917572471. OL 3494237W.
^ Banasik, Michael E., ed. (2000). "Appendix F: The Battle of Pine Bluff (October 25, 1863)". Reluctant Connoneer: The Diary of Robert T. McMahan of the Twenty-fifth Independent Ohio Light Artillery. Unwritten Chapters of the Civil War West of the River. Vol. II. Iowa City, Iowa: Camp Pope Bookshop. pp. 309–314. ISBN 1-929919-01-8. LCCN 00-105377. OCLC 45105391. OL 6798910M.

External links

Media related to Battle of Pine Bluff at Wikimedia Commons
Battle of Pine Bluff at the Historical Marker Database

[kennedy1998-1] The Conservation Fund (1998). Kennedy, Frances H. (ed.). The Civil War Battlefield Guide (2nd ed.). New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. 233. ISBN 0-395-74012-6. OCLC 917572471. OL 3494237W.

[2] Banasik, Michael E., ed. (2000). "Appendix F: The Battle of Pine Bluff (October 25, 1863)". Reluctant Connoneer: The Diary of Robert T. McMahan of the Twenty-fifth Independent Ohio Light Artillery. Unwritten Chapters of the Civil War West of the River. Vol. II. Iowa City, Iowa: Camp Pope Bookshop. pp. 309–314. ISBN 1-929919-01-8. LCCN 00-105377. OCLC 45105391. OL 6798910M.

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@@ Line 73: / Line 73: @@
 [[Category:Battles of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War]]
 [[Category:Cavalry raids of the American Civil War]]
-[[Category:History of Jefferson County, Arkansas|Battle of Pine Bluff]]
+[[Category:History of Pine Bluff, Arkansas|Battle of Pine Bluff]]
 [[Category:October 1863 events]]
 [[Category:Union victories of the American Civil War]]