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Coordinates: 10°07′13″S 142°08′22″E / 10.1202°S 142.1394°E / -10.1202; 142.1394 (Badu Island (centre of locality))
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{{Short description|Island in Queensland, Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
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| image = Badu Island (Landsat).png
| image = Badu Island (Landsat).png
| caption = A satellite image of Badu Island
| caption = A satellite image of Badu Island
| coordinates = {{coord|-10.1202|142.1394|type:city_region:AU-QLD|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|-10.1202|142.1394|type:city_region:AU-QLD|display=inline,title|name=Badu Island (centre of locality)}}
| pop = 813
| pop = <!-- populates automatically -->
| pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}}
| pop_year =
| pop_footnotes = <ref name=Census2016/>
| pop_footnotes =
| established =
| established =
| postcode = 4875
| postcode = 4875
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| timezone = [[AEST]]
| timezone = [[AEST]]
| utc = +10:00
| utc = +10:00
| dist1 =
| dist1 = <!-- as an island, there are no road distances to report -->
| dir1 =
| dir1 =
| location1 =
| location1 =
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| near-nw =
| near-nw =
}}
}}
'''Badu''' or '''Badu Island''' (Mulgrave Island), pronounced ['ba:du:] in English, in Kala Lagaw Ya '''Badhu''' [bad̪u], is an [[island]] in the [[Torres Strait]] {{convert|60|km}} north of [[Thursday Island]], [[Queensland]], Australia.<ref name=qpni>{{cite QPN|1216|Badu Island|island in Torres Strait Island Region|accessdate=20 March 2014}}</ref> Badu Island is also a [[suburbs and localities (Australia)|locality]] in the [[Torres Strait Island Region]],<ref name=qpnl>{{cite QPN|46705|Badu Island|locality in Torres Strait Island Region|accessdate=5 November 2019}}</ref> and [[Wakaid, Queensland|Wakaid]] is the only town, located on the south-east coast.<ref name="qpn">{{cite QPN|10263|Wakaid|population centre in Torres Strait Island Region|accessdate=8 January 2020}}</ref> The Mura Badulgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation, located on Badu Island, administers land on behalf of the Badulgal people. The Badulgal people’s ownership of Badu and surrounding islands in the Torres Strait was recognised in the Native Title Determination Badu Islanders
'''Badu''' or '''Badu Island''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɑː|d|uː}}; {{langx|mwp|'''Badhu'''}}, {{IPA-all|bad̪u|pron}}; also '''Mulgrave Island'''), is an [[island]] in the [[Torres Strait]] {{convert|60|km}} north of [[Thursday Island]], [[Queensland]], Australia.<ref name=qpni>{{cite QPN|1216|Badu Island|island in Torres Strait Island Region|access-date=20 March 2014}}</ref> Badu Island is also a [[suburbs and localities (Australia)|locality]] in the [[Torres Strait Island Region]],<ref name=qpnl>{{cite QPN|46705|Badu Island|locality in Torres Strait Island Region|access-date=5 November 2019}}</ref> and [[Wakaid, Queensland|Wakaid]] is the only town, located on the south-east coast.<ref name="qpn">{{cite QPN|10263|Wakaid|population centre in Torres Strait Island Region|access-date=8 January 2020}}</ref> This island is one of the [[Torres Strait Islands]]. The language of Badu is [[Kala Lagaw Ya]].


The Mura Badulgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation administers land on behalf of the Badulgal people. The Badulgal people's ownership of Badu and surrounding islands in the Torres Strait was recognised in a [[native title in Australia|native title]] determination on 1 February 2014, when the [[Queensland Government]] handed over to the [[Badhulgal]] [[traditional owners]] freehold title to {{convert|9836|ha}} of land. The Mura Badulgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation (an [[RNTBC]]) administers land on behalf of the Badulgal people.<ref name=qld/><ref name="ATNS 2014"/>
⚫
In the {{CensusAU|2016}}, Badu Island had a population of 813 people.<ref name=Census2016>{{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC30113|name=Badu Island (SSC)|accessdate=20 October 2018|quick=on}}</ref>


In the {{CensusAU|2021}}, Badu Island had a population of 704 people.<ref name=Census2021/>
This island is one of the [[Torres Strait Islands]]. The language of Badu is [[Kala Lagaw Ya]].


== History ==
== History ==
[[Kalaw Lagaw Ya|Kala Lagaw Ya]] (also known as Kala Lagaw Ya, KLY and Gumulgal) is one of the languages of the [[Torres Strait]]. Kala Lagaw Ya is the traditional language owned by the Western and Central islands of the Torres Strait. The Kala Lagaw Ya language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of the [[Torres Shire Council]].<ref>{{Cite SLQ-CC-BY|url=https://maps.slq.qld.gov.au/iyil/view/kalaw-lagaw-ya-77|title=Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map|author=|date=|website=State Library of Queensland|access-date=30 January 2020}}</ref>
[[Kalaw Lagaw Ya|Kala Lagaw Ya]] is one of the languages of the [[Torres Strait]]. Kalaw Lagaw Ya is the traditional language used on the Western and Central islands of the Torres Strait. The Kalaw Lagaw Ya language region includes the territory within the local government boundaries of the [[Torres Shire Council]].<ref>{{Cite SLQ-CC-BY|url=https://maps.slq.qld.gov.au/iyil/view/kalaw-lagaw-ya-77|title=Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map|author=|date=|website=State Library of Queensland|access-date=30 January 2020}}</ref>


In 1606, [[Luís Vaz de Torres]] sailed to the north of Australia through [[Torres Strait]], navigating it, along New Guinea's southern coast.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A020488b.htm |title=ADBonline.anu.edu.au |publisher=ADBonline.anu.edu.au |date= |accessdate=14 July 2011}}</ref>
In 1606, [[Luís Vaz de Torres]] sailed to the north of Australia through [[Torres Strait]], navigating it, along New Guinea's southern coast.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A020488b.htm |title=ADBonline.anu.edu.au |publisher=ADBonline.anu.edu.au |access-date=14 July 2011}}</ref>


Warfare (feuding, headhunting), farming, fishing, canoe building, house building, turtle and [[dugong]] hunting and a host of other activities were the main occupations of Badu men until the 1870s. However, headhunting ceased with the adoption of Christianity.{{sfn|Beckett|1987|pp=147ff}}
Warfare (feuding, headhunting), farming, fishing, canoe building, house building, turtle and [[dugong]] hunting and a host of other activities were the main occupations of Badu men until the 1870s. However, headhunting and warfare along some pagan customs ceased with the adoption of Christianity.{{sfn|Beckett|1987|pp=147ff}}


[[Pearl hunting|Pearlers]] established bases on the island during the 1870s and by the early 1880s the islanders were becoming dependent on wages earned as lugger crews. At the same time, the first missionaries arrived. At the peak of the shell industry in the late 1950s, the Badu fleet of 13 boats employed a workforce of 200 providing work for many men, even from other islands as well. Once the shell trade declined, many people moved to the mainland for work <ref>2006 Bruno David and Marshall Weisler, ''KURTURNIAIWAK (BADU) and the Archaeology of Villages in Torres Strait'' Australian Archiology, No. 63,December</ref>
[[Pearl hunting|Pearlers]] established bases on the island during the 1870s and by the early 1880s the islanders were becoming dependent on wages earned as [[lugger]] crews. At the same time, the first missionaries arrived. At the peak of the shell industry in the late 1950s, the Badu fleet of 13 boats employed a workforce of 200 providing work for many men, even from other islands as well. Once the shell trade declined, many people moved to the mainland for work.<ref>2006 Bruno David and Marshall Weisler, ''KURTURNIAIWAK (BADU) and the Archaeology of Villages in Torres Strait'' Australian Archiology, No. 63,December</ref>


Badu Island State School opened on 29 January 1905.<ref name=qs>{{Cite QldSchool|accessdate=18 April 2019}}</ref>
Badu Island State School opened on 29 January 1905.<ref name=qs>{{Cite QldSchool|access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref> On 1 January 2007, it became the Badu Island campus of Tagai State College.<ref name=qfhs>{{Citation | author1=Queensland Family History Society | title=Queensland schools past and present | publication-date=2010 | publisher=[[Queensland Family History Society]] | edition=Version 1.01 | isbn=978-1-921171-26-0 }}</ref><!-- School number:1940 -->


On 1 February 2014 the Queensland Government handed over to the Badhulgal traditional owners freehold title to 10,000 hectares of land on Badu Island, ending a struggle for recognition dating back to 1939. The title deed was handed over by Mr David Kempton, Assistant Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs, to Badu Elder Lily Ahmat at a ceremony on the island.<ref>''Torres News'', 10–16 February 2014</ref>
On 1 February 2014, the Queensland Government handed over to the Badhulgal traditional owners freehold title to {{convert|9836|ha}} of land on Badu Island,<ref name=qld>{{cite web | title=Badu Island traditional owners granted freehold title | website=The Queensland Cabinet and Ministerial Directory | date=1 February 2014 | url=http://statements.qld.gov.au/Statement/2014/2/1/badu-island-traditional-owners-granted-freehold-title | access-date=26 July 2020}}</ref> ending a struggle for recognition dating back to 1939. The title deed was handed over by David Kempton, Assistant Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs, to Badu Elder Lily Ahmat at a ceremony on the island.<ref>''Torres News'', 10–16 February 2014</ref> An [[Indigenous land use agreement]] was signed on 7 July 2014.<ref name="ATNS 2014">{{cite web | title=Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements project | website=ATNS | date=7 July 2014 | url=https://www.atns.net.au/agreement.asp?EntityID=6573 | access-date=26 July 2020 | archive-date=26 July 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726064958/https://www.atns.net.au/agreement.asp?EntityID=6573 | url-status=dead }}</ref>


== Economy ==
==Demographics==
⚫
In the {{CensusAU|2016}}, Badu Island had a population of 813 people.<ref name=Census2016>{{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC30113|name=Badu Island (SSC)|access-date=20 October 2018|quick=on}}</ref>
⚫
Infrastructure on Badu Island consists of:


In the {{CensusAU|2021}}, Badu Island had a population of 704 people.<ref name=Census2021>{{Census 2021 AUS|id=SAL30113|name=Badu Island (SAL)|access-date=28 February 2023|quick=on}}</ref>
*Badhulgaw Kuthinaw Mudh Art Centre
*Airport
*Regional Council Office
*State School (Years 1 to 7)
⚫
*Health Centre with permanent doctor
*Two grocery stores
⚫
*Indigenous Knowledge Centre in Nona Street, operated by the [[Torres Strait Island Regional Council]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/torres_strait/badu_library|title=Badu Island Indigenous Knowledge Centre|date=28 August 2017|website=Public Libraries Connect|access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref>
*Post Office
⚫
*Centrelink Agency
*Football Field
*Motel
*J&J Supermarket Locally Owned


== Facilities ==
⚫
A number of other locally owned run businesses are in operation at Badu including live seafood exports.

⚫
Infrastructure on Badu Island includes:

* airport
* regional council office
* state school (years 1 to 7)
⚫
* health centre with permanent doctor
* two grocery stores, with locally-owned J&J Supermarket
* post office
⚫
* [[Centrelink]] agency
* football field
* motel

⚫
A number of other locally-owned run businesses are in operation at Badu including live seafood exports.

St. Mark's Church was constructed in 1933 and construction was completed in 1935. On 12 January 1936 the church was dedicated to Reverend Stephen Davies, Bishop of Carpentaria. The church was built to accommodate approximately 700 people. The church is still used today<ref>{{Cite web |last=Randall |first=Brian |date=2013-08-15 |title=Queensland Places - St. Mark's Church, Badu |url=https://www.slq.qld.gov.au/blog/queensland-places-st-marks-church-badu |access-date=2023-09-18 |website=State Library Of Queensland |language=en}}</ref>

⚫
The Badu Island Indigenous Knowledge Centre (IKC) is located in the Rural Transaction Centre on Nona Street, and is operated by the [[Torres Strait Island Regional Council]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/torres_strait/badu_library|title=Badu Island Indigenous Knowledge Centre|date=28 August 2017|website=Public Libraries Connect|access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref><ref name=SLQ2022>{{SLQ-CC-BY|url=https://www.slq.qld.gov.au/blog/badu-ikc|title=Badu IKC|date=30 September 2022|authors=Indigenous services|access-date=18 January 2023}}</ref> IKCs operate as libraries, meeting places, hubs, and keeping places.

The Badhulgaw Kuthinaw Mudh Art Centre sees local arts display and cell their works, and internationally recognised with the works of artists such as Alick Tipoti and Laurie Nona.<ref name=SLQ2022 /> Storing significant cultural artefacts, the centre also provides skills development and training.


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
Notable people who are from or who have lived on Badu Island include:
Notable people who are from or who have lived on Badu Island include:
* [[Ethel May Eliza Zahel]] (1877–1951), teacher and public servant.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/zahel-ethel-may-eliza-9225 |title=Zahel, Ethel May Eliza (1877–1951) |work=Australian Dictionary of Biography |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |date=1990 |first=Margaret |last=Lawrie |access-date=22 December 2018}}</ref>
* [[Ethel May Eliza Zahel]] (1877–1951), teacher and public servant.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/zahel-ethel-may-eliza-9225 |title=Zahel, Ethel May Eliza (1877–1951) |work=Australian Dictionary of Biography |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |date=1990 |first=Margaret |last=Lawrie |access-date=22 December 2018}}</ref>
⚫
*[[Tanu Nona]] (1902–1980), pearler and politician.<ref>{{cite web |title=Biography - Tanu Nona |work= Australian Dictionary of Biography |url=http://adb.online.anu.edu.au/biography/nona-tanu-11252 |access-date=23 January 2020}}</ref>
*Eccles Tamwoy (Chairman, Chief)
⚫
*[[Tanu Nona]] (1902-1980)<ref>{{cite web |title=Biography - Tanu Nona |work= Australian Dictionary of Biography |url=http://adb.online.anu.edu.au/biography/nona-tanu-11252 |accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref>
*Crossfield AhMat Snr (Council Chairman)
*Joey Tamwoy Nona (Council Chairman)
*Jack Hankin AhMat (Council Chairman) 1951-2007
Jack Ahmat known as "Ponee" was one of Badu's greatest leaders. He demonstrated many leadership qualities, • Multicultural Sensitivity, Passion, Focus, Intelligence, Commitment, Ability to Inspire and Connect, Vision, Positive Attitude, Willingness to make mistakes and Honest just to name a few. Jack Achieved many great accomplishment during his time as Council Chairman. Which resulted in Jack being awarded the Australian Centenary Medal and the Australian Sports Medal. Today Jack's is still considered one of Badu's greatest leaders.

*Manuel Nomoa
*Wayne Guivarra


==See also==
==See also==
Line 95: Line 97:
* [[Badu Island Airport]]
* [[Badu Island Airport]]
*[[List of Torres Strait Islands]]
*[[List of Torres Strait Islands]]
*''[[The Wild White Man of Badu]]''


==References==
==References==
Line 108: Line 111:
| year = 2013
| year = 2013
| publisher = [[Routledge]]
| publisher = [[Routledge]]
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=aXpEAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA112
| chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=aXpEAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA112
| isbn = 978-1-136-71308-8
| isbn = 978-1-136-71308-8
| ref = harv
}}
}}
*{{Cite book| title = Torres Strait Islanders: custom and colonialism
*{{Cite book| title = Torres Strait Islanders: custom and colonialism
Line 118: Line 120:
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7iO-blAUczcC&pg=PA149
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7iO-blAUczcC&pg=PA149
| isbn = 978-0-521-37862-8
| isbn = 978-0-521-37862-8
| ref = harv
}}
}}


Line 126: Line 127:
| publisher = [[Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies]]
| publisher = [[Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies]]
| isbn = 978-0-855-75082-4
| isbn = 978-0-855-75082-4
| ref = harv
}}
}}
*{{Cite journal| title = Traditional Mua
*{{Cite journal| title = Traditional Mua
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| year = 2008| volume =4| issue = 2| pages =7–33
| year = 2008| volume =4| issue = 2| pages =7–33
| url= http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:246236/Qld_heritage_v2_no1_1969_p35_p42.pdf
| url= http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:246236/Qld_heritage_v2_no1_1969_p35_p42.pdf
| ref = harv
}}
}}
{{Refend}}
{{Refend}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://queenslandplaces.com.au/badu University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Badu]
* {{cite web|url=http://queenslandplaces.com.au/badu|publisher=University of Queensland| website=Queensland Places| title=Badu}}
* [https://www.qld.gov.au/atsi/cultural-awareness-heritage-arts/community-histories-badu/Badu Community History Badu Community History]{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.qld.gov.au/firstnations/cultural-awareness-heritage-arts/community-histories/community-histories-a-b/community-histories-badu|title=Badu|website=Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community histories|publisher=[[Queensland Government]]}}
* [https://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/tqqf2h/alma99183588405902061 Torrens family photographs, photographic slides and film footage of Badu Island and Wujal Wujal], [[State Library of Queensland]]. Includes photos and video footage of Badu Island in the 1970s
* [https://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/tqqf2h/alma99183602316202061 Far North and North Queensland photographs and slides, 1970-2018], State Library of Queensland. Collection includes photos of life and culture on Badu Island, such as sports games.
* [https://www.slq.qld.gov.au/blog/badu-ikc Badu IKC], State Library of Queensland blog


{{Torres Strait Island Region}}
{{Torres Strait Island Region}}
{{Torres Strait |state=autocollapse}}
{{Torres Strait |state=autocollapse}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Torres Strait Islands]]
[[Category:Torres Strait Islands]]

Latest revision as of 07:37, 15 October 2024

Badu; Badu Island
Queensland
A satellite image of Badu Island
Badu; Badu Island is located in Queensland
Badu; Badu Island
Badu; Badu Island
Coordinates10°07′13″S 142°08′22″E / 10.1202°S 142.1394°E / -10.1202; 142.1394 (Badu Island (centre of locality))
Population704 (SAL 2021)[1][2]
Postcode(s)4875
Area101.0 km2 (39.0 sq mi)
Time zoneAEST (UTC+10:00)
LGA(s)Torres Strait Island Region
State electorate(s)Cook
Federal division(s)Leichhardt

Badu or Badu Island (/ˈbɑːduː/; Kala Lagaw Ya: Badhu, pronounced [bad̪u]; also Mulgrave Island), is an island in the Torres Strait 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Thursday Island, Queensland, Australia.[3] Badu Island is also a locality in the Torres Strait Island Region,[4] and Wakaid is the only town, located on the south-east coast.[5] This island is one of the Torres Strait Islands. The language of Badu is Kala Lagaw Ya.

The Mura Badulgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation administers land on behalf of the Badulgal people. The Badulgal people's ownership of Badu and surrounding islands in the Torres Strait was recognised in a native title determination on 1 February 2014, when the Queensland Government handed over to the Badhulgal traditional owners freehold title to 9,836 hectares (24,310 acres) of land. The Mura Badulgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation (an RNTBC) administers land on behalf of the Badulgal people.[6][7]

In the 2021 census, Badu Island had a population of 704 people.[8]

History

[edit]

Kala Lagaw Ya is one of the languages of the Torres Strait. Kalaw Lagaw Ya is the traditional language used on the Western and Central islands of the Torres Strait. The Kalaw Lagaw Ya language region includes the territory within the local government boundaries of the Torres Shire Council.[9]

In 1606, Luís Vaz de Torres sailed to the north of Australia through Torres Strait, navigating it, along New Guinea's southern coast.[10]

Warfare (feuding, headhunting), farming, fishing, canoe building, house building, turtle and dugong hunting and a host of other activities were the main occupations of Badu men until the 1870s. However, headhunting and warfare along some pagan customs ceased with the adoption of Christianity.[11]

Pearlers established bases on the island during the 1870s and by the early 1880s the islanders were becoming dependent on wages earned as lugger crews. At the same time, the first missionaries arrived. At the peak of the shell industry in the late 1950s, the Badu fleet of 13 boats employed a workforce of 200 providing work for many men, even from other islands as well. Once the shell trade declined, many people moved to the mainland for work.[12]

Badu Island State School opened on 29 January 1905.[13] On 1 January 2007, it became the Badu Island campus of Tagai State College.[14]

On 1 February 2014, the Queensland Government handed over to the Badhulgal traditional owners freehold title to 9,836 hectares (24,310 acres) of land on Badu Island,[6] ending a struggle for recognition dating back to 1939. The title deed was handed over by David Kempton, Assistant Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs, to Badu Elder Lily Ahmat at a ceremony on the island.[15] An Indigenous land use agreement was signed on 7 July 2014.[7]

Demographics

[edit]

In the 2016 census, Badu Island had a population of 813 people.[16]

In the 2021 census, Badu Island had a population of 704 people.[8]

Facilities

[edit]

Infrastructure on Badu Island includes:

  • airport
  • regional council office
  • state school (years 1 to 7)
  • health centre with permanent doctor
  • two grocery stores, with locally-owned J&J Supermarket
  • post office
  • Centrelink agency
  • football field
  • motel

A number of other locally-owned run businesses are in operation at Badu including live seafood exports.

St. Mark's Church was constructed in 1933 and construction was completed in 1935. On 12 January 1936 the church was dedicated to Reverend Stephen Davies, Bishop of Carpentaria. The church was built to accommodate approximately 700 people. The church is still used today[17]

The Badu Island Indigenous Knowledge Centre (IKC) is located in the Rural Transaction Centre on Nona Street, and is operated by the Torres Strait Island Regional Council.[18][19] IKCs operate as libraries, meeting places, hubs, and keeping places.

The Badhulgaw Kuthinaw Mudh Art Centre sees local arts display and cell their works, and internationally recognised with the works of artists such as Alick Tipoti and Laurie Nona.[19] Storing significant cultural artefacts, the centre also provides skills development and training.

Notable people

[edit]

Notable people who are from or who have lived on Badu Island include:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Badu Island (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  2. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Badu Island (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021. Edit this at Wikidata
  3. ^ "Badu Island – island in Torres Strait Island Region (entry 1216)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  4. ^ "Badu Island – locality in Torres Strait Island Region (entry 46705)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 5 November 2019.
  5. ^ "Wakaid – population centre in Torres Strait Island Region (entry 10263)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  6. ^ a b "Badu Island traditional owners granted freehold title". The Queensland Cabinet and Ministerial Directory. 1 February 2014. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  7. ^ a b "Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements project". ATNS. 7 July 2014. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  8. ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Badu Island (SAL)". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 28 February 2023. Edit this at Wikidata
  9. ^ This Wikipedia article incorporates CC BY 4.0 licensed text from: "Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map". State Library of Queensland. State Library of Queensland. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  10. ^ "ADBonline.anu.edu.au". ADBonline.anu.edu.au. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  11. ^ Beckett 1987, pp. 147ff.
  12. ^ 2006 Bruno David and Marshall Weisler, KURTURNIAIWAK (BADU) and the Archaeology of Villages in Torres Strait Australian Archiology, No. 63,December
  13. ^ "Opening and closing dates of Queensland Schools". Queensland Government. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  14. ^ Queensland Family History Society (2010), Queensland schools past and present (Version 1.01 ed.), Queensland Family History Society, ISBN 978-1-921171-26-0
  15. ^ Torres News, 10–16 February 2014
  16. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Badu Island (SSC)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 October 2018. Edit this at Wikidata
  17. ^ Randall, Brian (15 August 2013). "Queensland Places - St. Mark's Church, Badu". State Library Of Queensland. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  18. ^ "Badu Island Indigenous Knowledge Centre". Public Libraries Connect. 28 August 2017. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  19. ^ a b This Wikipedia article incorporates text from Badu IKC (30 September 2022) by Indigenous services published by the State Library of Queensland under CC BY licence, accessed on 18 January 2023.
  20. ^ Lawrie, Margaret (1990). "Zahel, Ethel May Eliza (1877–1951)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  21. ^ "Biography - Tanu Nona". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 23 January 2020.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
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