1931 in paleontology: Difference between revisions

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1931.

Paleozoology

Arthropods

Insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Elephantomyia baltica^[2]	Sp. nov	valid	Alexander	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Russia	A Limoniid cranefly
Stylotermes washingtonensis^[3]	sp. nov	Synonym	Snyder	Miocene	Latah Formation	USA ( Idaho)	A Stylotermitid termite. synonym of Parastylotermes washingtonensis

Vertebrates

Conodonts

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Idiognathodus^[4]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Gunnell	Gzhelian	Fort Scott Limestone	Brazil Egypt Mexico Russia USA ( Alaska, Arizona, Missouri and Oklahoma)	type species I. simulator

Jawless fish

Edward Branson and Maurice Mehl described the extinct genus of heterostracan agnathan Cardipeltis in the Jefferson Formation of Utah.^[5]

Newly named archosauromorphs

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Brasileosaurus^[6]	Gen et sp nov	nomen vanum	von Huene	Turonian	Adamantina Formation	Brazil	A indeterminate archosauromorph

Dinosaurs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[7]

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Carcharodontosaurus^[8]	Valid taxon	Ernst Stromer	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Kem Kem Formation Echkar Formation Bahariya Formation	Algeria Egypt Morocco Niger	A carcharodontosaurid.
Embasaurus^[9]	Possibly valid taxon	Anatoly Riabinin	Early Cretaceous Berriasian	Unnamed unit (aka Neocomian sands)	Kazakhstan	An indeterminate tetanuran.
Orthogoniosaurus^[10]	Nomen dubium.	Das-Gupta	Late Cretaceous	Lameta Formation	India	An indeterminate theropod.
Tetragonosaurus^[11]	Junior synonym	William Parks	Late Cretaceous (middle-late Campanian)	Dinosaur Park Formation	Canada	A junior synonym of Lambeosaurus.

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Location	Notes	Images
Cerataelurus	Junior synonym of Pristerodon.
Ericiolacerta	Valid	Watson	250 Millions of years ago.	Antarctica South Africa	Despite the meaning of his name, it was not related to lizards.	Ericiolacerta
Euchambersia	Valid	Broom
Ictidostoma	Valid	Broom	261 Millions of years ago.	South Africa
Ictidosuchoides	Valid	Broom	257 Millions of years ago.	South Africa		Ictidosuchoides
Keratocephalus	Valid	Huene	261 Millions of years ago.	South Africa	A protomammal with strange bumps on its head.	Keratocephalus
Lycideops	Valid	Broom	257 Millions of years ago.	South Africa
Megacyclops	Junior synonym of Neomegacyclops.^{[dubious – discuss]}
Neomegacyclops	Valid	Boonstra

References

^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
^ Kania, I (2015). "Subfamily Limoniinae Speiser, 1909 (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Baltic Amber (Eocene): The Genus Elephantomyia Osten Sacken, 1860". PLOS ONE. 10 (2): 1–25. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1017434K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117434. PMC 4338262. PMID 25706127.
^ Emerson, A.E. (1971). "Tertiary fossil species of the Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera), phylogeny of genera, and reciprocal phylogeny of associated Flagellata (Protozoa) and the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 146 (3): 243–304. hdl:2246/1093.
^ Gunnell, F. (1931). "Conodonts from the Fort Scott Limestone of Missouri". Journal of Paleontology. 5 (3): 244–252. JSTOR 1297961.
^ Fishes of the Jefferson Formation of Utah. E. B. Branson and M. G. Mehl, The Journal of Geology, Vol. 39, No. 6 (Aug. - Sep., 1931), pages 509-531 (Stable URL, retrieved 29 April 2016)
^ Huene, F. 1931. Die fossilien Faehrten in Rhaet von Ischigualasto in Nordwest Argentinien. Paleob. 4 (2) Viena.
^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.
^ Stromer, E. 1931. Vertebrate animal remainders of the Baharije stage (lowest Cenoman). 10. A skeleton remainder of Carcharodontosaurus Nov. towards. Abh. Bavarian Akad. Wissensch. Math. natutwiss. Abbott. 9: pp. 1 23.
^ Riabinin, A.N. 1931. Two dinosaurian vertebrae from the Lower Cretaceous of Transcaspian Steppes. Zapiski Russkogo Min. Obshchestva (ser. 2) 60: pp. 110-113.
^ Dasgupta, H.C. 1931. On a new theropod dinosaur (Orthogoniosaurus matleyi, n. gen. et. n. sp.) from the Lameta beds of Jubbulpore. J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal. 26: pp. 367-369.
^ Parks, W.A. 1931. A new genus and two new species of trachodont dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Alberta. Univ. Toronto Stud. (Geol. Ser.) 31: pp. 1-11.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[Kania2015-2] Kania, I (2015). "Subfamily Limoniinae Speiser, 1909 (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Baltic Amber (Eocene): The Genus Elephantomyia Osten Sacken, 1860". PLOS ONE. 10 (2): 1–25. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1017434K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117434. PMC 4338262. PMID 25706127.

[Emerson1971-3] Emerson, A.E. (1971). "Tertiary fossil species of the Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera), phylogeny of genera, and reciprocal phylogeny of associated Flagellata (Protozoa) and the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 146 (3): 243–304. hdl:2246/1093.

[Gunnell1931-4] Gunnell, F. (1931). "Conodonts from the Fort Scott Limestone of Missouri". Journal of Paleontology. 5 (3): 244–252. JSTOR 1297961.

[5] Fishes of the Jefferson Formation of Utah. E. B. Branson and M. G. Mehl, The Journal of Geology, Vol. 39, No. 6 (Aug. - Sep., 1931), pages 509-531 (Stable URL, retrieved 29 April 2016)

[6] Huene, F. 1931. Die fossilien Faehrten in Rhaet von Ischigualasto in Nordwest Argentinien. Paleob. 4 (2) Viena.

[ddinogeorge-7] Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.

[8] Stromer, E. 1931. Vertebrate animal remainders of the Baharije stage (lowest Cenoman). 10. A skeleton remainder of Carcharodontosaurus Nov. towards. Abh. Bavarian Akad. Wissensch. Math. natutwiss. Abbott. 9: pp. 1 23.

[9] Riabinin, A.N. 1931. Two dinosaurian vertebrae from the Lower Cretaceous of Transcaspian Steppes. Zapiski Russkogo Min. Obshchestva (ser. 2) 60: pp. 110-113.

[10] Dasgupta, H.C. 1931. On a new theropod dinosaur (Orthogoniosaurus matleyi, n. gen. et. n. sp.) from the Lameta beds of Jubbulpore. J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal. 26: pp. 367-369.

[11] Parks, W.A. 1931. A new genus and two new species of trachodont dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Alberta. Univ. Toronto Stud. (Geol. Ser.) 31: pp. 1-11.

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