Timeline of Metz

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Metz, France.

Prior to 19th century

1st–2nd C. CE – Gorze-Metz aqueduct [fr] built.^[1]
2nd C. CE – Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz active (approximate date).^[2]
407(?) – Metz is attacked by the Vandals and Alans after crossing the Rhine.
451 – Metz is sacked by the hordes of Attila the Hun during his campaign into Gaul.
6th C. - Metz becomes capital of Austrasia.^[3]
768 – Metz becomes part of the Carolingian Empire.
843 – Metz becomes part of Middle Francia.^[4]
863 – Religious council held in Metz.^[5]
1130 – Notre Dame de la Ronde church built.^[6]
13th C.
- Metz becomes a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire.^[4]
- Metz rampart [fr] and Porte des Allemands (gate)^[7] construction begins.
1220 – Templars' Chapel, Metz [fr] built.
1343 – Grand pont des Morts [fr] (bridge) built.^[8]
1356 – Diet of Metz (1356/57) held; Golden Bull issued.^[3]
1400 – Public clock installed (approximate date).^[9]
1427 – Metz Cathedral spire built.^[6]
1437 – Tour Camoufle [fr] (tower) construction begins.
1444 – Siege of Metz (1444) [fr] by forces of Charles VII of France.^[10]
1482 – Printing press in operation.^[11]
1552
- Metz comes under French rule per Treaty of Chambord.^[3]
- Siege of Metz (1552).^[10]
1560 – Magasin aux vivres de Metz [fr] (military building) constructed.
1561 – Porte Serpenoise [fr] (gate) demolished.^[8]
1564 – Metz Citadel built.
1613 – City customary laws published.^[12]
1633 – Parliament of Metz [fr] established.
1648 – Metz officially becomes part of France per Treaty of Westphalia.^[3]
1731 – Fort de Bellecroix [fr] construction begins.^[6]
1733 – Fort Moselle military hospital [fr] built.
1743 – Hôtel de l’Intendance [fr] (mansion) built.
1744 – Louis XV of France visits Metz.^[13]
1752 – Opera opens on the Place de la Comédie (Metz) [fr].
1757 – Académie nationale de Metz [fr] founded, as the Société Royale des Sciences et des Arts de Metz.^[14]
1760 – R. Samuel Hilman b. Israel Halperin (1670-1766) appointed rabbi of Jewish community in Metz.
1771 – Hôtel de Ville completed.^[15]
1777 – Metz Courthouse [fr] built.
1787 – Église des Trinitaires [fr] (church) built.
1790 – Metz becomes part of the Moselle souveraineté.^[16]
1793 – Population: 36,878.^[16]
1794 – École d'application de l'artillerie et du génie [fr] (military school) established.^(fr)

19th century

1814 – City successfully defended by the French during the Siege of Metz (1814).
1816 – Metz Esplanade [fr] (park) opens.
1821 – Population: 42,030.^[16]
1831 – Covered Market, Metz opens.
1835 – Metz Conservatory [fr] founded.
1844 – 30 March: Birth of Paul Verlaine.
1850 – Metz Synagogue [fr] built.
1851 – Réding-Metz railway [fr] begins operating.
1854 – Metz–Luxembourg railway begins operating.
1861 – Metz Exposition Universelle (1861) [fr] held.^[13]
1864 – Arsenal built.
1866 – Population: 54,817.^[17]
1868 – Brasserie Amos [fr] (brewery) founded.
1870
- Fort de Plappeville and Fort de Queuleu built.
- Siege of Metz (1870); Prussians in power.^[4]
1871
- 10 May: Metz becomes part of Germany per the Treaty of Frankfurt (1871).^[10]
- Metz becomes part of the Alsace-Lorraine imperial territory.
1872 – Kriegsschule Metz [fr] (military school) established.^(fr)
1877 – Lérouville-Metz railway [fr] begins operating.
1878 – Train station [fr] built.
1881 – Temple de Garnison [fr] (church) built.^[4]

Metz at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries

20th century

1901 – Metz power plant [fr] built in Pontiffroy [fr].
1903
- Porte Serpenoise (gate) rebuilt.
- Wilhelm II, German Emperor visits Metz.
1905
- Governor's Palace, Metz [fr] built.
- Population: 60,419.^[18]
1906 – Plantières Queuleu [fr] becomes part of Metz.^[16]
1907 – Devant-les-Ponts [fr] becomes part of Metz.^[16]
1908 – Gare de Metz-Ville (rail station) and Feste Kaiserin (fort) built.
1910 – Le Sablon (Moselle) [fr] becomes part of Metz.^[16]
1911
- Post office [fr] built.^[19]
- Population: 68,598.^[20]

French Army in Metz in 1918

1918 – Metz becomes again part of France.^[21]
1919 – Le Républicain Lorrain newspaper begins publication.
1923 – Stade Saint-Symphorien (stadium) opens.
1932 – Football Club de Metz formed.
1936 – Population: 83,119.^[16]
1940
- Annexation of the Moselle (1940) [fr] by Germany during World War II.
- July: Frontstalag 212 prisoner-of-war camp for Allied POWs established by the Germans.^[22]
- December: Frontstalag 212 POW camp dissolved.^[22] Stalag XII-E POW camp established.^[23]
1942 – Stalag XII-E POW camp dissolved.^[23]
1944
- 27 September: Battle of Fort Driant begins near city (part of Battle of Metz).^[24]
- 13 December: Battle of Metz ends; Germans ousted.
1947 - December: Flood.^[13]
1954 - Population: 85,701.^[16]
1960 – Les Trinitaires [fr] cultural venue created.
1961 – Borny [fr], Magny (Moselle) [fr], and Vallières-lès-Metz [fr] become part of Metz.^[16]
1962 – Population: 102,771.^[16]
1970 – Renaissance du vieux Metz (historical society) founded.^[25]
1971 – Jean-Marie Rausch becomes mayor.
1973 – Lorraine Marathon begins.^{[citation needed]}
1975 – Groupe Histoire et patrimoine lorrains (historical society) founded.^[25]
1977 – Metz library-media centre [fr] built in Pontiffroy.
1979 – Socialist Party national congress held in Metz.
1980 – Moselle Open tennis tournament begins.
1982 – Metz becomes part of the Lorraine region.
1983 – Metz Science Park opens.
1989 – Arsenal de Metz concert hall opens.
1991 – Metz–Nancy–Lorraine Airport opens.
1999 – Population: 123,776.^[16]

21st century

2002 – Arènes de Metz (arena) opens.
2006 – May: European Trampoline Championships, 2006 [fr] held in Metz.
2007 – TGV hi-speed train begins operating.^[21]
2008 – Dominique Gros becomes mayor.
2010
- Centre Pompidou-Metz opens.
- Metz-Mirabelle Marathon [fr] begins.
2011 – Population: 119,962.
2012 – 6 July: 2012 Tour de France cycling race passes through Metz.
2014 – March: Metz municipal election, 2014 [fr] held.
2015
- Canton of Metz-1, 2, and 3 created per 2014 France cantonal redistricting [fr].
- December: Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine regional election, 2015 [fr] held.^[26]
2016 – Metz becomes part of the Grand Est region.

References

^ Base Mérimée: Aqueduc gallo-romain, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: France". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 1192, OL 6112221M
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Britannica 1910.
^ Charles Daniel (1903). "Conciles particuliers". Manuel des sciences sacrées (in French). Paris: Delhomme & Briguet. (chronological list)
^ ^a ^b ^c Murray 1861.
^ Base Mérimée: Vestiges de l'enceinte du Moyen-Age, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
^ ^a ^b Chabert 1878.
^ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
^ ^a ^b ^c Haydn 1910.
^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Germany: Metz". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631 – via HathiTrust. + contents
^ Caswell 1977.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Thesaurus Historique" (in French). Archives Municipales de Metz. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
^ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
^ "Hôtel de Ville de Metz". PSS Architecture. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Metz, EHESS (in French).
^ "France". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1868. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590329.
^ "German Empire: States of Germany: Alsace-Lorraine". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1908. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590592.
^ Base Mérimée: Hôtel des Postes, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
^ ^a ^b "Metz". Encyclopédie Larousse (in French). Éditions Larousse. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
^ ^a ^b "German Frontstalag Camps". Retrieved 20 August 2022.
^ ^a ^b "German Stalag Camps". Retrieved 20 August 2022.
^ David T. Zabecki, ed. (2015) [First published 1999]. "Chronology of World War II in Europe". World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-81242-3.
^ ^a ^b "Sociétés savantes de France (Metz)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
^ "Résultats élections: Metz", Le Monde (in French), retrieved 11 April 2022

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

Abraham Rees (1819), "Metz", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, hdl:2027/mdp.39015054498178
"Metz", Handbook for Travellers in France, London: John Murray, 1861
William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Metz, France". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.
George Henry Townsend (1877), "Metz, Germany", Manual of Dates (5th ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co., hdl:2027/wu.89097349427
"Metz". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/hvd.hn52jt.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Metz", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 8, New York, 1906, hdl:2027/osu.32435029752870{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Maude, Frederic Natusch (1910). "Metz" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). pp. 307–314.
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Metz", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776
"Metz", The Rhine, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911, hdl:2027/hvd.hnj5e2, OCLC 21888483
Jean Caswell; Ivan Sipkov (1977). "Metz". Coutumes of France in the Library of Congress: an Annotated Bibliography. USA: Library of Congress. hdl:2027/mdp.39015034753866.

in French

Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Champagnac [in French] (1839). "Metz". Manuel des dates, en forme de dictionnaire (in French). Perisse frères.
François Michel Chabert (1855). Les croniques de la noble ville et cité de Metz (in French). Rousseau-Pallez.
François Michel Chabert (1878). Dictionnaire topographique, historique et étymologique des rues, places, ponts, et quais de la ville de Metz (in French) (3rd ed.) – via Bibliothèque nationale de France.
Municipale, Bibliothèque (1898). "Monographies locales: Metz". Catalogue des livres et documents imprimés du fonds lorrain de la bibliothèque municipale de Nancy (in French). (bibliography)
"Metz". Dictionnaire Bouillet (in French) (34th ed.). 1914. hdl:2027/mdp.39015074817142.
"Metz". Nancy, Toul, Luneville, Metz. Guides Diamant (in French). Paris: Hachette. 1914. hdl:2027/mdp.39015069886532.

in German

"Metz". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1896. hdl:2027/njp.32101064064551.
Johann Heinrich Albers (1902). Geschichte der stadt Metz (in German). G. Scriba.
P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Metz". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.

External links

"Bibliographie lorraine" (in French). Académie nationale de Metz [fr].
Items related to Metz, various dates (via Europeana).
Items related to Metz, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).

[1] Base Mérimée: Aqueduc gallo-romain, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)

[katolsk-2] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: France". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 November 2015.

[lippincott1952-3] Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 1192, OL 6112221M

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-4] Britannica 1910.

[Daniel1903-5] Charles Daniel (1903). "Conciles particuliers". Manuel des sciences sacrées (in French). Paris: Delhomme & Briguet. (chronological list)

[FOOTNOTEMurray1861-6] Murray 1861.

[7] Base Mérimée: Vestiges de l'enceinte du Moyen-Age, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)

[FOOTNOTEChabert1878-8] Chabert 1878.

[Rossum1996-9] Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.

[FOOTNOTEHaydn1910-10] Haydn 1910.

[proctor1898-11] Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Germany: Metz". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631 – via HathiTrust. + contents

[FOOTNOTECaswell1977-12] Caswell 1977.

[Thesaurus-13] "Thesaurus Historique" (in French). Archives Municipales de Metz. Retrieved 30 December 2015.

[parrott-14] Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.

[15] "Hôtel de Ville de Metz". PSS Architecture. Retrieved 1 November 2024.

[Cassini-16] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Metz, EHESS (in French).

[17] "France". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1868. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590329.

[18] "German Empire: States of Germany: Alsace-Lorraine". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1908. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590592.

[19] Base Mérimée: Hôtel des Postes, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)

[20] "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.

[Larousse-21] "Metz". Encyclopédie Larousse (in French). Éditions Larousse. Retrieved 30 December 2015.

[f212-22] "German Frontstalag Camps". Retrieved 20 August 2022.

[Stalag-23] "German Stalag Camps". Retrieved 20 August 2022.

[Zabecki2015-24] David T. Zabecki, ed. (2015) [First published 1999]. "Chronology of World War II in Europe". World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-81242-3.

[savantes-25] "Sociétés savantes de France (Metz)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Retrieved 30 December 2015.

[LeMonde-26] "Résultats élections: Metz", Le Monde (in French), retrieved 11 April 2022

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