Wikipedia

List of Test cricket records

(Redirected from Test cricket bowling records)

This article is about the men's records. For the women's records, see List of women's Test cricket records.

Test cricket is played between international cricket teams who are Full Members of the International Cricket Council (ICC).[1] Unlike One Day Internationals, Test matches consist of two innings per team, with no limit in the number of overs.[2] Test cricket is first-class cricket, so statistics and records set in Test matches are also counted toward first-class records. The duration of Tests, currently limited to five days, has varied through Test history, ranging from three days to timeless matches.[3][4] The earliest match now recognised as a Test was played between England and Australia in March 1877;[5] since then there have been over 2,000 Tests played by 13 teams. The frequency of Tests has steadily increased partly because of the increase in the number of Test-playing countries, and partly as cricket boards seek to maximise their revenue.[6]

Donald Bradman wearing a black shirt and a dark cap
Donald Bradman, holder of several Test batting records including highest batting average
Sachin Tendulkar, the leading run-scorer and century maker in Test cricket
Muttiah Muralitharan, the highest wicket-taker in Test cricket
George Lohmann, the holder of best bowling average in Test cricket

Cricket is, by its nature, capable of generating large numbers of records and statistics.[7] This list details the most significant team and individual records in Test cricket.

As of July 2024, the most successful team in Test cricket, in terms of both wins and win percentage, is Australia, having won 414 of their 866 Tests (47.80%). Excluding teams who have only played a small number of Tests, the least successful team is Zimbabwe.

Australian Donald Bradman, widely considered the greatest batsman of all time,[8][9] holds several personal and partnership records. He scored the most runs in a series, has the most double centuries and was a part of the record 5th wicket partnership. His most significant record is his batting average of 99.94. One of cricket's most famous statistics,[10][11] it still stands almost 40 runs higher than any other batsman's career average. Don Bradman is the only player in the world to have scored 5000 runs against a single opposition: 5028 runs against England.[12]

In the Manchester Test of 1956, England spin bowler Jim Laker took 19 wickets for 90 runs (19–90) which set not only the Test record for best match figures but also the first-class one.[13] In taking 10–53 in the second innings he became the first bowler to capture ten wickets in a Test match innings, and his analysis remains the best innings figures. Indian leg spinner Anil Kumble was the second bowler to take 10 wickets in an innings, claiming 10–74 against Pakistan in 1999.[14] In December 2021, New Zealand spinner, Ajaz Patel became the third bowler to take 10 wickets in an innings.[15] West Indies batsman Brian Lara has the highest individual score in Test cricket: he scored 400 not out against England in 2004 to surpass the innings of 380 by Matthew Hayden six months earlier. Lara had held the record before Hayden, with a score of 375 against England 10 years earlier.[16] Pakistan's Misbah-ul-Haq holds the record of the fastest Test half century, scoring 50 runs from 21 balls. The record for the fastest Test century is held by New Zealand's Brendon McCullum, who scored 100 runs from 54 balls in his final Test match.

The trend of countries playing more Test matches in the modern era means that the aggregate lists are dominated by modern players. Sri Lankan spinner Muttiah Muralitharan became the highest Test wicket-taker in December 2007, when he passed Shane Warne's total of 708 wickets.[17] Within a year, the equivalent batting record of highest run-scorer had also changed hands: Sachin Tendulkar surpassed the tally of 11,953 runs by Brian Lara.[18] The record for most dismissals by a wicket-keeper is held by Mark Boucher of South Africa[19] while the record for most catches by a fielder is held by Rahul Dravid.[20]

Listing criteria

In general the top five are listed in each category (except when there is a tie for the last place among the five, when all the tied record holders are noted).

Listing notation

Team notation
  • (300–3) indicates that a team scored 300 runs for three wickets and the innings was closed, either due to a successful run chase or if no playing time remained
  • (300–3 d) indicates that a team scored 300 runs for three wickets, and declared its innings closed
  • (300) indicates that a team scored 300 runs and was all out
Batting notation
  • (100) indicates that a batsman scored 100 runs and was out
  • (100*) indicates that a batsman scored 100 runs and was not out
Bowling notation
  • (5–100) indicates that a bowler has captured 5 wickets while conceding 100 runs
Currently playing
  • † indicates a current Test cricketer
Seasons
  • Domestic cricket seasons in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Zimbabwe and the West Indies may span two calendar years, and are by convention said to be played in (e.g.) "2008–09". A cricket season in England is described as a single year. e.g. "2009". An international Test series may be for a much shorter duration, and Cricinfo treats this issue by stating "any series or matches which began between May and September of any given year will appear in the relevant single year season and any that began between October and April will appear in the relevant cross-year season".[21] In the record tables, a two-year span generally indicates that the record was set within a domestic season in one of the above named countries.

Team records

Team wins, losses and draws

Team First Test match Matches Won Lost Tied Drawn % Won W/L Ratio
  Afghanistan 14 June 2018 9 3 6 0 0 33.33 0.50
  Australia 15 March 1877 868 415 233 2 218 47.81 1.78
  Bangladesh 10 November 2000 150 22 110 0 18 14.66 0.20
  England 15 March 1877 1,082 400 327 0 355 36.96 1.22
  India 25 June 1932 586 181 182 1 222 30.88 0.99
  Ireland 11 May 2018 9 2 7 0 0 22.22 0.29
  New Zealand 10 January 1930 477 118 189 0 170 24.73 0.62
  Pakistan 16 October 1952 461 150 145 0 166 32.53 1.03
  South Africa 12 March 1889 470 183 161 0 126 38.93 1.13
  Sri Lanka 17 February 1982 323 106 125 0 92 32.81 0.85
  West Indies 23 June 1928 582 184 215 1 182 31.61 0.85
  Zimbabwe 18 October 1992 118 13 76 0 29 11.01 0.17
ICC World XI 14 October 2005 1 0 1 0 0 0.00 0.00
Last updated: 9 December 2024[22]

Result records

Greatest win margins (by innings)

Margin Teams Venue Season
Innings and 579 runs   England (903–7 d) beat   Australia (201 & 123) The Oval, London, England 1938
Innings and 360 runs   Australia (652–7 d) beat   South Africa (159 & 133) Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa 2001–02
Innings and 336 runs   West Indies (614–5 d) beat   India (124 & 154) Eden Gardens, Kolkata, India 1958–59
Innings and 332 runs   Australia (645) beat   England (141 & 172) The Gabba, Brisbane, Australia 1946–47
Innings and 324 runs   Pakistan (643) beat   New Zealand (73 & 246) Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore, Pakistan 2002
Last updated: 18 December 2019[23]

Greatest win margin (by runs)

Margin Teams Venue Season
675 runs   England (521 & 342–8 d) beat   Australia (122 & 66) Brisbane Showgrounds, Brisbane, Australia 1928–29
562 runs   Australia (701 & 327) beat   England (321 & 145) The Oval, London, England 1934
546 runs   Bangladesh (382 & 425-4 d) beat   Afghanistan (146 & 115) Sher-e-Bangla National Cricket Stadium, Mirpur, Bangladesh 2023
530 runs   Australia (328 & 578) beat   South Africa (205 & 171) Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 1910–11
492 runs   South Africa (488 & 344–6 d) beat   Australia (221 & 119) Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa 2018
Last updated: 3 April 2018[24]

Matches that finished with scores level

See also: Tied Test
Result Teams Venue Season
Tie   Australia (505 & 232) vs   West Indies (453 & 284) The Gabba, Brisbane, Australia 1960–61
Tie   India (397 & 347) vs   Australia (574–7 d & 170–5 d) M. A. Chidambaram Stadium, Madras, India 1986–87
Draw   Zimbabwe (376 & 234) vs   England (406 & 204–5) Queens Sports Club, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe 1996–97
Draw   India (482 & 242–9) vs   West Indies (590 & 134) Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai, India 2011–12
Last updated: 8 January 2021[25][26][27]

Narrowest win margin (by wickets)

Margin Teams Venue Season
1 wicket   England (183 & 263–9) beat   Australia (324 & 121) The Oval, London, England 1902
  South Africa (91 & 287–9) beat   England (184 & 190) Old Wanderers, Johannesburg, South Africa 1905–06
  England (382 & 282–9) beat   Australia (266 & 397) Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 1907–08
  England (183 & 173–9) beat   South Africa (113 & 242) Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town, South Africa 1922–23
  Australia (216 & 260–9) beat   West Indies (272 & 203) Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 1951–52
  New Zealand (249 & 104–9) beat   West Indies (140 & 212) Carisbrook, Dunedin, New Zealand 1979–80
  Pakistan (256 & 315–9) beat   Australia (337 & 232) National Stadium, Karachi, Pakistan 1994–95
  West Indies (329 & 311–9) beat   Australia (490 & 146) Kensington Oval, Bridgetown, Barbados 1998–99
  West Indies (273 & 216–9) beat   Pakistan (269 & 219) Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 1999–00
  Pakistan (175 & 262–9) beat   Bangladesh (281 & 154) Ibn-e-Qasim Bagh Stadium, Multan, Pakistan 2003
  Sri Lanka (321 & 352–9) beat   South Africa (361 & 311) Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Stadium, Colombo, Sri Lanka 2006
  India (405 & 216–9) beat   Australia (428 & 192) Inderjit Singh Bindra Stadium, Mohali, India 2010–11
  Sri Lanka (191 & 304–9) beat   South Africa (235 & 259) Kingsmead Cricket Ground, Durban, South Africa 2018–19
  England (67 & 362–9) beat   Australia (179 & 246) Headingley Cricket Ground, Leeds, England 2019
  West Indies (253 & 168–9) beat   Pakistan (217 & 203) Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 2021
Last updated: 15 August 2021[28]

Narrowest win margin (by runs)

Margin Teams Venue Season
1 run   West Indies (252 & 146) beat   Australia (213 & 184) Adelaide Oval, Adelaide, Australia 1992–93
  New Zealand (209 & 483) beat   England (435 & 256) Basin Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand 2022–23
2 runs   England (407 & 182) beat   Australia (308 & 279) Edgbaston Cricket Ground, Birmingham, Engalnd 2005
3 runs   Australia (299 & 86) beat   England (262 & 120) Old Trafford Cricket Ground, Manchester, England 1902
  England (284 & 294) beat   Australia (287 & 288) Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 1982–83
Last updated: 28 February 2023[29]

Victory after following-on

See also: Follow-on
Margin Teams Venue Season
10 runs   England (325 & 437) beat   Australia (586 & 166) Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, Australia 1894–95
18 runs   England (174 & 356) beat   Australia (401–9 d & 111) Headingley Cricket Ground, Leeds, England 1981
171 runs   India (171 & 657–7 d) beat   Australia (445 & 212) Eden Gardens, Kolkata, India 2000–01
1 run   New Zealand (209 & 483) beat   England (435 & 256) Basin Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand 2022–23
Last updated: 28 February 2023[30]

Most consecutive wins

Wins Team First win Last win
16   Australia   Zimbabwe at Harare, 14 October 1999   India at Mumbai, 27 February 2001
  South Africa at Melbourne, 26 December 2005   India at Sydney, 2 January 2008
11   West Indies   Australia at Bridgetown, 30 March 1984   Australia at Adelaide, 7 December 1984
9   Sri Lanka   India at Colombo, 29 August 2001   Pakistan at Lahore, 6 March 2002
  South Africa   Australia at Durban, 15 March 2002   Bangladesh at Dhaka, 1 May 2003
Last updated: 15 June 2016[31]

Team scoring records

Most runs in an innings

Score Teams Venue Season
952–6 d   Sri Lanka (v   India) R. Premadasa Stadium, Colombo, Sri Lanka 1997
903–7 d   England (v   Australia) The Oval, London, England 1938
849   England (v   West Indies) Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 1929–30
823–7 d   England (v   Pakistan) Multan Cricket Stadium, Multan, Pakistan 2024–25
790–3 d   West Indies (v   Pakistan) Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 1957–58
Last updated: 10 October 2024[32]

Fewest runs in a completed innings

Runs Teams Venue Date
26   New Zealand (v   England) Eden Park, Auckland, New Zealand 25 March 1955
30   South Africa (v   England) St George's Park, Gqeberha, South Africa 13 February 1896
  South Africa (v   England) Edgbaston Cricket Ground, Birmingham, England 14 June 1924
35   South Africa (v   England) Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town, South Africa 1 April 1899
36   South Africa (v   Australia) Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 12 February 1932
  Australia (v   England) Edgbaston Cricket Ground, Birmingham, England 29 May 1902
  India (v   Australia) Adelaide Oval, Adelaide, Australia 17 December 2020
Last updated: 19 December 2020[33]

Highest fourth-innings totals to win

Score Teams Venue Season
418–7   West Indies (v   Australia) Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 2002–03
414–4   South Africa (v   Australia) WACA Ground, Perth, Australia 2008–09
406–4   India (v   West Indies) Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago 1975–76
404–3   Australia (v   England) Headingley Cricket Ground, Leeds, England 1948
395–7   West Indies (v   Bangladesh) Zohur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium, Chittagong, Bangladesh 2020–21
Last updated: 16 August 2023[34]

Aggregate scoring records

Highest match aggregate

Score Teams Venue Season
1,981–35   South Africa (530 & 481) v   England (316 & 654–5) Kingsmead Cricket Ground, Durban, South Africa 1938–39
1,815–34   West Indies (849 & 272–9 d) v   England (286 & 408–5) Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 1929–30
1,768–37   Pakistan (579 & 268) v   England (657 & 264–7 d) Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi, Pakistan 2022–23
1,764–39   Australia (533 & 339–9) v   West Indies (276 & 616) Adelaide Oval, Adelaide, Australia 1968–69
1,753–40   Australia (354 & 582) v   England (447 & 370) 1920–21
Last updated: 29 December 2022[35]

Individual records

Individual records (batting)

Most career runs

Further information: List of players who have scored 10,000 or more runs in Test cricket
Runs Innings Player Period
15,921 329   Sachin Tendulkar 1989–2013
13,378 287   Ricky Ponting 1995–2012
13,289 280   Jacques Kallis 1995–2013
13,288 286   Rahul Dravid 1996–2012
12,886 276   Joe Root † 2012–present
Last updated: 8 December 2024[36]

Most career runs – progression of record

Runs Player Record held until Duration of record No of test record held
239   Charles Bannerman 4 January 1882 4 years, 295 days 4
676   George Ulyett[a] 13 August 1884 2 years, 222 days 11
860   Billy Murdoch[b] 14 August 1886 2 years, 1 day 8
1,277   Arthur Shrewsbury 23 January 1902 15 years, 162 days 43
1,293   Joe Darling[c] 18 February 1902 26 days 1
1,366   Syd Gregory[d] 14 June 1902 116 days 3
1,531   Archie MacLaren[e] 13 August 1902 60 days 3
3,412   Clem Hill 27 December 1924 22 years, 136 days 84
5,410   Jack Hobbs 29 June 1937 12 years, 184 days 102
7,249   Wally Hammond 27 November 1970 33 years, 151 days 414
7,459   Colin Cowdrey[f] 23 March 1972 1 year, 117 days 21
8,032   Garfield Sobers 23 December 1981 9 years, 275 days 219
8,114   Geoffrey Boycott 12 November 1983 1 year, 324 days 53
10,122   Sunil Gavaskar 25 February 1993 9 years, 105 days 248
11,174   Allan Border 25 November 2005 12 years, 273 days 558
11,953   Brian Lara 17 October 2008 2 years, 327 days 116
15,921   Sachin Tendulkar current 16 years, 54 days
Last updated: 15 June 2016[37]
  1. ^ Ulyett finished his career with 949 runs.
  2. ^ Murdoch finished his career with 908 runs.
  3. ^ Darling finished his career with 1,657 runs.
  4. ^ Gregory finished his career with 2,282 runs.
  5. ^ MacLaren finished his career with 1,931 runs.
  6. ^ Cowdrey finished his career with 7,624 runs.

Most runs at each batting position

Batting position Player Runs Average at the position
Opener   Alastair Cook 11,845 44.87
Number 3   Kumar Sangakkara 11,679 60.83
Number 4   Sachin Tendulkar 13,492 54.40
Number 5   Shivnarine Chanderpaul 6,883 56.42
Number 6   Ben Stokes † 3,897 35.10
Number 7   Adam Gilchrist 3,948 46.45
Number 8   Daniel Vettori 2,227 39.77
Number 9   Stuart Broad 1,389 19.84
Number 10 825 12.69
Number 11   James Anderson 687 7.72
Last updated: 18 October 2024 [38]

Highest career batting average

Average Innings Player Runs Period
99.94 80   Donald Bradman 6,996 1928–1948
61.87 31   Adam Voges 1,485 2015–2016
61.62 38   Harry Brook † 2,280 2022–2024
60.97 41   Graeme Pollock 2,256 1963–1970
60.83 40   George Headley 2,190 1930–1954
Last updated: 7 December 2024[39]
Qualification: At least 20 innings.
Note: If the qualification is removed, the record Test batting average is Australian Kurtis Patterson's 144.00; Patterson made scores of 30 and 114 not out in his only two Test innings.[40] A very few one-Test wonders have never been dismissed, leaving them without a defined Test batting average. Notable players who played only a single Test innings without a dismissal are Stuart Law (54*, innings declared) and Andy Lloyd (10*, retired hurt).[41][42]

Series

Most runs in a series
Runs Player Series
974 (7 innings)   Don Bradman v   England, 1930
905 (9 innings)   Wally Hammond v   Australia, 1928–29
839 (11 innings)   Mark Taylor v   England, 1989
834 (9 innings)   Neil Harvey v   South Africa, 1952–53
829 (7 innings)   Viv Richards v   England, 1976
Last updated: 15 June 2016[43]

Innings

 
Brian Lara, the first to score 400 in International Cricket
Highest individual score
See also: List of Test cricket triple centuries
Score Player Opponent Venue Season
400*   Brian Lara   England Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 2003–04
380   Matthew Hayden   Zimbabwe WACA Ground, Perth, Australia 2003–04
375   Brian Lara   England Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 1993–94
374   Mahela Jayawardene   South Africa Singhalese Sports Club Cricket Ground, Colombo, Sri Lanka 2006
365*   Garfield Sobers   Pakistan Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 1957–58
Last updated: 15 June 2015[44]
Highest individual score – progression of record
Score Player Opponent Venue Season Test match Number
165*[a]   Charles Bannerman   England Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 1876–77 Test No. 1
211   Billy Murdoch The Oval, London, England 1884 Test No. 16
287   R. E. Foster   Australia Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, Australia 1903–04 Test No. 78
325   Andy Sandham   West Indies Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 1929–30 Test No. 193
334   Don Bradman   England Headingley, Leeds, England 1930 Test No. 196
336*   Wally Hammond   New Zealand Eden Park, Auckland, New Zealand 1932–33 Test No. 226
364   Len Hutton   Australia The Oval, London, England 1938 Test No. 266
365*   Garfield Sobers   Pakistan Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 1957–58 Test No. 452
375   Brian Lara   England Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 1993–94 Test No. 1259
380   Matthew Hayden   Zimbabwe WACA Ground, Perth, Australia 2003–04 Test No. 1661
400*   Brian Lara   England Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 2003–04 Test No. 1696
Last updated: 15 June 2016[45]
  1. ^ Record achieved in the inaugural Test match.
Most runs in a match
Runs Scores Player Opponent Venue Season
456 333 and 123   Graham Gooch   India Lord's, London, England 1990
426 334* and 92   Mark Taylor   Pakistan Arbab Niaz Stadium, Peshawar, Pakistan 1998–99
424 319 and 105   Kumar Sangakkara   Bangladesh Zohur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium, Chittagong, Bangladesh 2013–14
400 400*   Brian Lara   England Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 2003–04
380 247* and 133   Greg Chappell   New Zealand Basin Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand 1973–74
380   Matthew Hayden   Zimbabwe WACA Ground, Perth, Australia 2003–04
Last updated: 15 June 2016[46]
Innings as captain
Highest individual score as captain
Score Player Opponent Venue Season
400*   Brian Lara   England Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 2003–04
374   Mahela Jayawardene   South Africa Singhalese Sports Club Cricket Ground, Colombo, Sri Lanka 2006
334*   Mark Taylor   Pakistan Arbab Niaz Stadium, Peshawar, Pakistan 1998–99
333   Graham Gooch   India Lord's, London, England 1990
329*   Michael Clarke Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, Australia 2011–12
Last updated: 15 June 2015[47]
Innings carrying the bat
See also: List of cricketers who have carried the bat in international cricket
Highest individual score
Score Player Opponent Venue Season
264*   Tom Latham   Sri Lanka Basin Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand 2018–19
244*   Alastair Cook   Australia Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 2017–18
223*   Glenn Turner   West Indies Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 1971–72
216*   Marvan Atapattu   Zimbabwe Queens Sports Club, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe 1999–00
206*   Bill Brown   England Lord's, London, England 1931
Last updated: 8 January 2019[48]

Calendar year

Most runs in a calendar year
Runs Player Average Year
1788   Mohammad Yousuf 99.33 2006
1710   Viv Richards 90.00 1976
1708   Joe Root 61.00 2021
1656   Graeme Smith 72.00 2008
1595   Michael Clarke 106.33 2012
Last updated: 31 December 2021[49]

Highest scores at each batting position

Batting position Player Score Opponent Venue Date
Opener   Matthew Hayden 380   Zimbabwe WACA Ground, Perth, Australia 9 October 2003
Number 3   Brian Lara 400*   England Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 10 April 2004
Number 4   Mahela Jayawardene 374   South Africa Singhalese Sports Club Cricket Ground, Colombo, Sri Lanka 27 July 2006
Number 5   Michael Clarke 329*   India Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, Australia 3 January 2012
Number 6   Ben Stokes 258   South Africa Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town, South Africa 2 January 2016
Number 7   Don Bradman 270   England Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 1 January 1937
Number 8   Wasim Akram 257*   Zimbabwe Sheikhupura Stadium, Sheikhupura, Pakistan 17 October 1996
Number 9   Ian Smith 173   India Eden Park, Auckland, New Zealand 22 February 1990
Number 10   Walter Read 117   Australia The Oval, London, England 11 August 1884
Number 11   Ashton Agar 98   England Trent Bridge, Nottingham, England 10 July 2013
Last updated: 18 November 2017[50]

Most runs in an over

Runs Sequence Batsman Bowler Venue Season
35 4–5W–7NB–4–4–4–6–1   Jasprit Bumrah   Stuart Broad Edgbaston Cricket Ground, Birmingham, England 2022
28 4–6–6–4–4–4   Brian Lara   Robin Peterson Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa 2003–04
4–6–2–4–6–6   George Bailey   James Anderson WACA Ground, Perth, Australia 2013–14
4–4–4–6–6–b4   Keshav Maharaj   Joe Root St George's Park, Gqeberha, South Africa 2019–20
27 6–6–6–6–2–1   Shahid Afridi   Harbhajan Singh Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore, Pakistan 2005–06
6–4–4–4–6–3   Harry Brook   Zahid Mahmood Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi, Pakistan 2022–23
Last updated: 2 December 2022[51]

Centuries

Most Test centuries
See also: List of cricketers by number of international centuries scored
Centuries Player Matches Innings
51   Sachin Tendulkar 200 329
45   Jacques Kallis 166 280
41   Ricky Ponting 168 287
38   Kumar Sangakkara 134 233
36   Joe Root † 151 276
  Rahul Dravid 164 286
Last updated: 8 December 2024[52]
Fastest Test centuries
No. of balls Player Opponent Venue Season
54   Brendon McCullum   Australia Hagley Oval, Christchurch, New Zealand 2015–16
56   Viv Richards   England Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda 1985–86
  Misbah-ul-Haq   Australia Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 2014–15
57   Adam Gilchrist   England WACA Ground, Perth, Australia 2006–07
67   Jack Gregory   South Africa Old Wanderers, Johannesburg, South Africa 1921–22
Last updated: 15 June 2016[53]
Most Test double centuries
Double centuries Player Matches
12   Donald Bradman 52
11   Kumar Sangakkara 130
9   Brian Lara 131
7   Wally Hammond 85
  Virat Kohli † 115
  Mahela Jayawardene 149
Last updated: 11 October 2024[54]
Fastest Test double centuries
No. of balls Player Opponent Venue Season
153   Nathan Astle   England Lancaster Park, Christchurch, New Zealand 2001–02
163   Ben Stokes   South Africa Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town, South Africa 2015–16
168   Virender Sehwag   Sri Lanka Brabourne Stadium, Mumbai, India 2009–10
182   Pakistan Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore, Pakistan 2005–06
186   Brendon McCullum Sharjah Cricket Stadium, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates 2014–15
Last updated: 4 March 2019[55][56]
Most Test triple centuries
Further information: List of Test cricket triple centuries
Triple centuries Player Matches
2   Donald Bradman 52
  Virender Sehwag 104
  Chris Gayle 103
  Brian Lara 131
1 (24 players)
Last updated: 11 October 2024[57]
Most Test quadruple centuries
Quadruple centuries Player Matches
1   Brian Lara 131
Last updated: 15 June 2016[58]

Half-centuries

Most Test 50+ scores
50+ Player Matches Innings
119   Sachin Tendulkar 200 329
103   Jacques Kallis 166 280
  Ricky Ponting 168 287
100   Joe Root † 151 276
99   Rahul Dravid 164 286
Last updated: 8 December 2024[59]
Fastest Test half-centuries
No. of balls Player Opponent Venue Season
21   Misbah-ul-Haq   Australia Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 2014–15
23   David Warner   Pakistan Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, Australia 2016–17
24   Jacques Kallis   Zimbabwe Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town, South Africa 2004–05
  Ben Stokes   West Indies Edgbaston Cricket Ground, Birmingham, England 2024
25   Shane Shillingford   New Zealand Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica 2014
Last updated: 28 July 2024[60]
Note: Misbah's is also the fastest in minutes, at 24 minutes. Some records credit Victor Trumper with a 22-minute half-century against South Africa at Johannesburg in 1902-03, but this only counted the time he was on strike: the total time for his fifty is recorded as 45 minutes.

Most fours in career

Fours Player Innings
2058   Sachin Tendulkar 329
1654   Rahul Dravid 286
1559   Brian Lara 232
1509   Ricky Ponting 287
1491   Kumar Sangakkara 233
Key: + : complete career records are not known.
Last updated: 8 January 2019[61]

Most sixes in career

Sixes Player Innings
133   Ben Stokes † 197
107   Brendon McCullum 176
100   Adam Gilchrist 137
98   Chris Gayle 182
97   Jacques Kallis 280
Last updated: 7 December 2024[62]

Ducks

Ducks Innings Player Period
43 185   Courtney Walsh 1984–2001
39 244   Stuart Broad 2007–2023
36 104   Chris Martin 2000–2013
35 138   Glenn McGrath 1993–2007
34 199   Shane Warne 1992–2007
142   Ishant Sharma 2007–2021
265   James Anderson 2003–2024
Last updated: 11 October 2024[63]

Individual records (bowling)

Most wickets in a career

Wickets Player Matches Average
800   Muttiah Muralitharan 133 22.72
708   Shane Warne 145 25.41
704   James Anderson 188 26.45
619   Anil Kumble 132 29.65
604   Stuart Broad 167 27.68
Last updated: 12 July 2024[64]

Most wickets in a career – Progression of record

Wickets Player Matches Average Record held until Duration of record
8[a]   Alfred Shaw 1 10.75 31 March 1877 16 days
14   Tom Kendall 2 15.35 4 January 1879 1 year, 279 days
94[b]   Fred Spofforth 18 18.41 12 January 1895 16 years, 8 days
100   Johnny Briggs 25 13.51 4 February 1895 33 days
101   Charles Turner 17 16.53 2 March 1895 26 days
103   Johnny Briggs 26 13.92 21 March 1896 1 year, 19 days
112[c]   George Lohmann 18 10.75 14 January 1898 1 year, 299 days
118   Johnny Briggs 33 17.75 2 January 1904 5 years, 353 days
141   Hugh Trumble 32 21.78 13 December 1913 9 years, 345 days
189   Sydney Barnes 27 16.43 4 January 1936 22 years, 22 days
216   Clarrie Grimmett 37 24.21 24 July 1953 17 years, 201 days
236   Alec Bedser 51 24.89 26 January 1963 9 years, 186 days
242[d]   Brian Statham 67 24.27 15 March 1963 48 days
307   Fred Trueman 67 21.57 1 February 1976 12 years, 323 days
309   Lance Gibbs 79 29.09 27 December 1981 5 years, 329 days
355   Dennis Lillee 70 23.92 21 August 1986 4 years, 237 days
373[e]   Ian Botham 94 27.86 12 November 1988 2 years, 83 days
431   Richard Hadlee 86 22.29 8 February 1994 5 years, 88 days
434   Kapil Dev 131 29.64 27 March 2000 6 years, 48 days
519   Courtney Walsh 132 24.44 8 May 2004 4 years, 42 days
532[f]   Muttiah Muralitharan 91 22.87 15 October 2004 160 days
708[f]   Shane Warne 145 25.41 3 December 2007 3 years, 49 days
800   Muttiah Muralitharan 133 22.72 Current 17 years, 7 days
  1. ^ Allen Hill took the first Test wicket, but only two in the First Test match. Alfred Shaw (3/51 & 5/35) and Tom Kendall (1/54 & 7/55) both took eight wickets, but as Australia batted first Shaw was the first to take five wickets in an innings and the first to take eight Test wickets. Kendall overtook him in the Second Test and Shaw subsequently increased his total to 12 wickets (15.35) in seven Tests[65]
  2. ^ Johnny Briggs equalled Fred Spofforth's record of 94 Test wickets on 29 December 1894 in the Second Test at Melbourne, as did Charles Turner two days later. Briggs overtook Turner and Spofforth in the Third Test at Adelaide, which Turner missed, and became the first man to claim 100 Test wickets on 1 February 1895 in the Fourth Test at Sydney. Turner became the second three days later and ended with a total of 101 wickets (16.53) in 17 Tests[66][67]
  3. ^ Johnny Briggs equalled George Lohmann's record of 112 Test wickets on 3 January 1898 in the Second Test at Melbourne and overtook him in the next match at Adelaide.
  4. ^ Fred Trueman overtook Brian Statham's then record of 242 Test wickets and Statham subsequently increased his total to 252 wickets (24.84) in 70 Tests
  5. ^ Richard Hadlee overtook Ian Botham's then record of 373 Test wickets and Botham subsequently increased his total to 383 wickets (28.40) in 102 Tests
  6. ^ a b Shane Warne overtook Muttiah Muralitharan's then record of 532 Test wickets and Muralitharan subsequently increased his total to 800 wickets (22.72) in 133 Tests[68]

Fastest to multiples of 50 wickets

 
Ravichandran Ashwin holds world record for quickest to reach 250, 300 and 350 Test wickets.
Wickets Bowler Match Record Date Reference
50   Charlie Turner 6 30 August 1888 [69]
100   George Lohmann 16 2 March 1896 [70]
150   Sydney Barnes 24 13 December 1913 [71]
200   Yasir Shah 33 3 December 2018 [72]
250   Ravichandran Ashwin 45 9 February 2017 [73]
300 54 24 November 2017 [74]
350   Muttiah Muralitharan 66 6 September 2001 [75]
  Ravichandran Ashwin 2 October 2019
400   Muttiah Muralitharan 72 12 January 2002 [76]
450 80 3 May 2003 [77]
500 87 16 March 2004 [78]
550 94 12 September 2005 [79][80]
600 101 8 March 2006 [81]
650 108 4 August 2006 [82][83]
700 113 11 July 2007 [84]
750 122 31 July 2008 [85]
800 133 18 July 2010 [86]
Last updated: 19 January 2021

Best career bowling average

Average Player Runs conceded Wickets
10.75   George Lohmann 1,205 112
12.70  /  J. J. Ferris[a] 775 61
15.54   Billy Barnes 793 51
16.42   Billy Bates 821 50
16.43   Sydney Barnes 3106 189
Last updated: 19 February 2022[88]
Qualification: At least 2,000 balls bowled.
Note: If the qualification is removed, the best career average record is at 0.00 runs per wicket (i.e. no runs were conceded). This record is shared by Englishmen A N Hornby, Wilf Barber and New Zealander, Bruce Murray who took one wicket without conceding a run[89]
  1. ^ John Ferris was one of a few cricketers to play Test cricket for more than one country. He played in eight Tests for Australia from 1886–87 and a single Test for England in South Africa in 1891–92.[87]

Best career strike rate

Strike rate Player Balls Wickets
34.19   George Lohmann 3,830 112
37.73   /   J. J. Ferris 2,302 61
38.75   Shane Bond 3,372 87
38.84   Duanne Olivier † 2,292 59
39.35   Jayden Seales † 2,440 62
Last updated: 11 October 2024[90]
Qualification: 2000 balls bowled.

Most 5 wickets in an innings

5 wickets in an innings Player Matches
67   Muttiah Muralitharan 133
37   Ravichandran Ashwin † 102
  Shane Warne 145
36   Richard Hadlee 86
35   Anil Kumble 132
Last updated: 11 October 2024[91]

Most 10 wickets in a match

10 wickets in a match Player Matches
22   Muttiah Muralitharan 133
10   Shane Warne 145
9   Richard Hadlee 86
  Rangana Herath 93
8   Anil Kumble 132
  Ravichandran Ashwin † 102
Last updated: 11 October 2024[92]

Series

Most wickets in a series
Wickets Player Series
49 (4 Tests)   Sydney Barnes v   South Africa 1913–14
46 (5 Tests)   Jim Laker v   Australia, 1956
44 (5 Tests)   Clarrie Grimmett v   South Africa 1935–36
42 (6 Tests)   Terry Alderman v   England, 1981
41 (6 Tests)   Terry Alderman v   England, 1989
  Rodney Hogg v   England, 1978–79
Last updated: 15 June 2016[93]

Innings

Best figures in an innings
Bowling figures Player Opponent Venue Season
10–53   Jim Laker[a]   Australia Old Trafford Cricket Ground, Manchester, England 1956
10–74   Anil Kumble   Pakistan Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, Delhi, India 1998–99
10–119   Ajaz Patel   India Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai, India 2021–22
9–28   George Lohmann   South Africa Old Wanderers, Johannesburg, South Africa 1895–96
9–37   Jim Laker[a]   Australia Old Trafford Cricket Ground, Manchester, England 1956
Last updated: 4 December 2021[95]
  1. ^ a b Jim Laker achieved figures of 9-37 and 10-53 in the same Test match in 1956 against Australia at Old Trafford, in first and second innings respectively.[94]
Best figures in an innings – progression of record
Bowling figures Player Opponent Venue Season
7–55[a]   Tom Kendall   England Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 1876–77
7–44   Fred Spofforth   England The Oval, London, England 1882
7–28   Billy Bates   Australia Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 1882–83
8–35   George Lohmann   Australia Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, Australia 1886–87
8–11   Johnny Briggs   South Africa Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town, South Africa 1888–89
8–7   George Lohmann   South Africa St George's Park Cricket Ground, Gqeberha, South Africa 1895–96
9–28   George Lohmann   South Africa Old Wanderers, Johannesburg, South Africa 1895–96
10–53   Jim Laker   Australia Old Trafford Cricket Ground, Manchester, England 1956
Last updated: 15 June 2016
Note: Calculated at the conclusion of each Test.
  1. ^ Record achieved in the inaugural Test match.

Match records

Best figures in a match
Bowling Player Opponent Venue Season
19–90   Jim Laker   Australia Old Trafford Cricket Ground, Manchester, England 1956
17–159   Sydney Barnes   South Africa Old Wanderers, Johannesburg, South Africa 1913–14
16–136   Narendra Hirwani   West Indies M. A. Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai, India 1987–88
16–137   Bob Massie   England Lord's, London, England 1972
16–220   Muttiah Muralitharan   England The Oval, London, England 1998
Last updated: 15 June 2016[96]

Innings as captain

Best figures in an innings as captain
Bowling figures Player Opponent Venue Season
9–83   Kapil Dev   West Indies Sardar Patel Stadium, Ahmedabad, India 1983–84
8–60   Imran Khan   India National Stadium, Karachi, Pakistan 1982–83
8–63   Rangana Herath   Zimbabwe Harare Sports Club, Harare, Zimbabwe 2016–17
8–106   Kapil Dev   Australia Adelaide Oval, Adelaide, Australia 1985–86
7–37   Courtney Walsh   New Zealand Basin Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand 1994–95
Last updated: 16 March 2017[97]

Match records as captain

Best figures in a match as captain
Bowling Player Opponent Venue Season
13–55   Courtney Walsh   New Zealand Basin Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand 1994–95
13–135   Waqar Younis   Zimbabwe Southend Club Cricket Stadium, Karachi, Pakistan 1993–94
13–152   Rangana Herath Harare Sports Club, Harare, Zimbabwe 2016–17
12–100   Fazal Mahmood   West Indies Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka, Bangladesh 1958–59
11–79   Imran Khan   India National Stadium, Karachi, Pakistan 1982–83
Last updated: 15 June 2016[98]

Individual records (fielding)

Most catches in Test career

Catches Player Matches Innings Catches per Innings
210   Rahul Dravid 164 301 0.697
207   Joe Root † 151 286 0.723
205   Mahela Jayawardene 149 270 0.759
200   Jacques Kallis 166 315 0.634
196   Ricky Ponting 168 328 0.597
Last updated: 7 December 2024[99]
Note: This list excludes catches made as wicket-keeper.

Individual records (wicket-keeping)

Most dismissals

Dismissals Player Matches
555 (532 catches + 23 stumpings)   Mark Boucher 147
416 (379 catches + 37 stumpings)   Adam Gilchrist 96
395 (366 catches + 29 stumpings)   Ian Healy 119
355 (343 catches + 12 stumpings)   Rod Marsh 96
294 (256 catches + 38 stumpings)   MS Dhoni 90
Last updated: 15 June 2016[100]

Most catches

Catches Player Matches
532   Mark Boucher 147
379   Adam Gilchrist 96
366   Ian Healy 119
343   Rod Marsh 96
265   Jeff Dujon 81
Last updated: 15 June 2016[101]

Most stumpings

Stumpings Player Matches
52   Bert Oldfield 54
46   Godfrey Evans 91
38   Syed Kirmani 88
  MS Dhoni 90
37   Adam Gilchrist 96
Last updated: 15 June 2016[102]

Most dismissals in an innings

Dismissals Player Opponent Venue Season
7   Wasim Bari   New Zealand Eden Park, Auckland, New Zealand 1978–79
  Bob Taylor   India Wankhede Stadium, Bombay, India 1979–80
  Ian Smith   Sri Lanka Seddon Park, Hamilton, New Zealand 1990–91
  Ridley Jacobs   Australia Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia 2000–01
  Joshua Da Silva   South Africa Centurion Park, Centurion, South Africa 2022–23
Last updated: 30 November 2024[103]

Individual records (as an all-rounder)

10 wickets and a century in a Test match

Player Runs Wickets Date Opponent Venue
  Ian Botham[104][a] 114 13/109 15 February 1980   India Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai, India
  Imran Khan[104][a] 117 11/180 3 January 1983 Iqbal Stadium, Faisalabad, Pakistan
  Shakib Al Hasan[104][b] 137 10/124 3 November 2014   Zimbabwe Sheikh Abu Naser Stadium, Khulna, Bangladesh
Last updated: 16 September 2016[105]
Notes:
Alan Davidson (Australia), in the tied 1st Test at Brisbane against the West Indies in 1960–61, was the first man to score 100 runs and take 10 wickets in a match (and is the only other player to achieve this so far), but without a century: his two scores with the bat were 44 and 80, in addition to 11 wickets (5/135 and 6/87).
Betty Wilson was the first player to do it in 1958. She scored 100 and was 11/18. Enid Bakewell made this milestone the year before Botham.[106]
  1. ^ a b Botham and Imran only batted once in their matches.
  2. ^ Shakib batted twice in his match, but only scored 6 in the other innings.

Most 5 wickets in an innings and a century in the same Test match

Matches Player Period
5   Ian Botham 1977–1992
4   Ravichandran Ashwin † 2011–present
2   Garfield Sobers 1954–1974
  Mushtaq Mohammad 1959–1979
  Jacques Kallis 1995–2013
  Shakib Al Hasan † 2007–present
  Ravindra Jadeja † 2012–present
Last updated: 26 September 2024[107]

Individual records (other)

Most matches played

Matches Player Period
200   Sachin Tendulkar 1989–2013
188   James Anderson 2003–2024
168   Steve Waugh 1985–2004
  Ricky Ponting 1995–2012
167   Stuart Broad 2007–2023
Last updated: 11 March 2024[108]

Most matches played as captain

Matches Player Won Lost Drawn Tied
109   Graeme Smith 53 29 27 0
93   Allan Border 32 22 38 1
80   Stephen Fleming 28 27 25 0
77   Ricky Ponting 48 16 13 0
74   Clive Lloyd 36 12 26 0
Last updated: 15 June 2016[109]

Most matches won as captain

Won Player Lost Drawn Ties Matches
53   Graeme Smith 26 26 0 109
48   Ricky Ponting 16 13 0 77
41   Steve Waugh 9 7 0 57
40   Virat Kohli 17 11 0 68
36   Clive Lloyd 12 26 0 74
Last updated: 14 January 2022[110]

Most Player-of-the-Match awards

No. of Awards Player Team Matches Period
23 Jacques Kallis   South Africa 166 1995–2013
19 Muttiah Muralitharan   Sri Lanka 133 1992–2010
17 Wasim Akram   Pakistan 104 1985–2002
Shane Warne   Australia 145 1992–2007
16 Kumar Sangakkara   Sri Lanka 134 2000–2015
Ricky Ponting   Australia 168 1995–2012
Last updated: 29 December 2019[111]

Most Player-of-the-series awards

No. of Award Player Team Matches Series Period
11 Ravichandran Ashwin †   India 102 42 2011–2024
Muttiah Muralitharan   Sri Lanka 133 61 1992–2010
9 Jacques Kallis   South Africa 166 61 1995–2013
8 Imran Khan   Pakistan 88 28 1971–1992
Richard Hadlee   New Zealand 86 33 1973–1990
Shane Warne   Australia 145 46 1992–2007
Last updated: 11 October 2024[112]

Partnership records

Highest partnerships

Runs Wicket Team Players Opposition Venue Season
624 3rd   Sri Lanka Kumar Sangakkara (287) Mahela Jayawardene (374)   South Africa Singhalese Sports Club Cricket Ground, Colombo, Sri Lanka 2006
576 2nd Sanath Jayasuriya (340) Roshan Mahanama (225)   India R. Premadasa Stadium, Colombo, Sri Lanka 1997–98
467 3rd   New Zealand Andrew Jones (186) Martin Crowe (299)   Sri Lanka Basin Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand 1990–91
454 4th   England Joe Root (262) Harry Brook (317)   Pakistan Multan Cricket Stadium, Multan, Pakistan 2024–25
451 2nd   Australia Bill Ponsford (266) Donald Bradman (244)   England The Oval, London, England 1934
3rd   Pakistan Mudassar Nazar (231) Javed Miandad (280*)   India Niaz Stadium, Hyderabad, India 1982–83
Last updated: 10 October 2024[113]
An asterisk (*) signifies an unbroken partnership (i.e. neither of the batsmen was dismissed before either the end of the allotted overs or the required score being reached).

Highest partnership (for each wicket)

Partnership Runs Team Players Opposition Venue Season
1st wicket 415   South Africa Graeme Smith (232) Neil McKenzie (226)   Bangladesh Zohur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium, Chittagong, Bangladesh 2008
2nd wicket 576   Sri Lanka Sanath Jayasuriya (340) Roshan Mahanama (225)   India R. Premadasa Stadium, Colombo, Sri Lanka 1997–98
3rd wicket 624 Kumar Sangakkara (287) Mahela Jayawardene (374)   South Africa Singhalese Sports Club Cricket Ground, Colombo, Sri Lanka 2006
4th wicket 454   England Joe Root (262) Harry Brook (317)   Pakistan Multan Cricket Stadium, Multan, Pakistan 2024–25
5th wicket 405   Australia Sid Barnes (234) Donald Bradman (234)   England Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, Australia 1946–47
6th wicket 399   England Ben Stokes (258) Jonny Bairstow (150*)   South Africa Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town, South Africa 2015–16
7th wicket 347   West Indies Denis Atkinson (219) Clairmonte Depeiaza (122)   Australia Kensington Oval, Bridgetown, Barbados 1954–55
8th wicket 332   England Jonathan Trott (184) Stuart Broad (169)   Pakistan Lord's, London, England 2010
9th wicket 195   South Africa Mark Boucher (78) Pat Symcox (108) New Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa 1997-98
10th wicket 198   England Joe Root (154*) James Anderson (81)   India Trent Bridge, Nottingham, England 2014
Last updated: 10 October 2024[114]
An asterisk (*) signifies an unbroken partnership (i.e. neither of the batsmen was dismissed before either the end of the allotted overs or the required score being reached).

Highest overall partnership runs by a pair

Rank Runs Innings Players Batting team Highest Average 100s/50s Career span
1 6,920 143 Rahul Dravid & Sachin Tendulkar   India 249 50.51 20/29 1996–2012
2 6,554 120 Mahela Jayawardene & Kumar Sangakkara   Sri Lanka 624 56.5 19/27 2000–2015
3 6,482 148 Gordon Greenidge & Desmond Haynes   West Indies 298 47.31 16/26 1978–1991
4 6,081 122 Matthew Hayden & Justin Langer   Australia 255 51.53 14/28 1997–2007
5 5,253 132 Alastair Cook & Andrew Strauss   England 229 40.4 14/21 2006–2012
Last updated: 11 October 2022[115]

See also

By country

Others

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