Monastyrshchinsky District (Russian: Монасты́рщинский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[4] district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Smolensky District in the north, Pochinkovsky District in the east, Khislavichsky District in the south, Mstsislaw District of Mogilev Region of Belarus in the west, and with Krasninsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,513.75 square kilometers (584.46 sq mi).[1] Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Monastyrshchina.[1] Population: 10,788 (2010 Census);[2] 13,876 (2002 Census);[6] 17,559 (1989 Soviet census).[7] The population of Monastyrshchino accounts for 37.7% of the district's total population.[2]
Monastyrshchinsky District
Монастырщинский район | |
|---|---|
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Monastyrshchinsky District in Smolensk Oblast | |
| Coordinates: 54°21′N 31°50′E / 54.350°N 31.833°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Smolensk Oblast[1] |
| Established | 1 October 1929 |
| Administrative center | Monastyrshchina[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,513.75 km2 (584.46 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 10,788 |
| • Density | 7.1/km2 (18/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 37.7% |
| • Rural | 62.3% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Administrative divisions | 1 Urban settlements, 9 Rural settlements |
| • Inhabited localities[1] | 1 Urban-type settlements[3], 202 rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Monastyrshchinsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Municipal divisions[4] | 1 urban settlements, 6 rural settlements |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [5]) |
| OKTMO ID | 66627000 |
| Website | http://monast.admin-smolensk.ru |
Geography
editThe whole area of the district belongs to the drainage basin of the Sozh River, a tributary of the Dnieper. The principal river of the district, the Vikhra River, a right tributary of the Sozh, crosses the district from northeast to southwest and then crosses into Belarus. The settlement of Monastyrshchina is located on the left bank of the Vikhra. The rivers in the northern, central, and western parts of the district flow into the Vikhra, whereas those in the eastern and the southern parts belong to the drainage basins of other right tributaries of the Sozh.
History
editBetween second half of the 14th century and the middle of the 17th century, the area belonged intermittently to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, to Poland, and to the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In the 18th century, much of the area belonged to Poland, and in 1772, as a result of the First Partition of Poland, it was transferred to Russia and included in the newly established Mogilev Governorate. It belonged to Mstislavsky Uyezd. In 1919, Mogilev Governorate was abolished, and Mstitlavl Uyezd was transferred to Smolensk Governorate. On 3 March 1924, a half of Mstislavsky Uyezd was transferred to Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, and seven volosts were left in Smolensk Governorate. In 1925, Monastyrshchina Volost was established.[8]
The northern part of the district remained in Russia after the 17th century, and in the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, it was included into Smolensk Governorate and remained there until 1929, with the exception of the brief period between 1775 and 1796, when Smolensk Governorate was transformed into Smolensk Viceroyalty. The area belonged to Krasninsky Uyezd, which was established in 1775.[9]
On 12 July 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Monastyrshchinsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Monastyrshchina was established. The district belonged to Smolensk Okrug of Western Oblast. On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On 27 September 1937 Western Oblast was abolished and split between Oryol and Smolensk Oblasts. Monastyrshchinsky District was transferred to Smolensk Oblast. Between 1941 and 1943, during WWII, the district was occupied by German troops.[9] In January 1965, Monastyrshchina was granted urban-type settlement status.[8]
In 1963, during the abortive Khrushchyov administrative reform, Khislavichsky District was merged into Monastyrshchinsky District. In 1965, it was re-established.[9]
Economy
editIndustry
editThere is a cheese production factory, located in Monastyrshchina.[8]
Agriculture
editThere are 20 large- and mid-size farms in the district.[8]
Transportation
editThe closest railway station is in Pochinok, on the railway connecting Smolensk and Bryansk via Roslavl.
Monastyrshchina is connected by paved roads with Smolensk, Pochinok, and Khislavichi, and has access to the M1 highway, connecting Moscow with Belarus via Smolensk. A road of a poor quality connects Monastyrshchina with Mstsislaw across the border with Belarus.[8] There are local roads as well, with bus traffic originating from Monastyrshchina.
The Vikhra is not navigable.
Culture and recreation
editThe Sts. Peter and Paul Church in Monastyrshchina was built in 1906. There is a local museum in Monastyrshchina.[10]
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Resolution #261
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ The count of urban-type settlements may include the work settlements, the resort settlements, the suburban (dacha) settlements, as well as urban-type settlements proper.
- ^ a b c Law #89-z
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ a b c d e "О районе" (in Russian). Monastyrshchinsky District Administration. Retrieved May 22, 2017.
- ^ a b c Борис Парфенов; Ольга Хоренженкова. "К истории формирования Смоленской области" (in Russian). Смоленск. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
- ^ "Культура" (in Russian). Monastyrshchinsky District Administration. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
Sources
edit- Администрация Смоленской области. Постановление №261 от 30 апреля 2008 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Смоленской области», в ред. Постановления №464 от 27 июня 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в реестр административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Смоленской области». Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (Administration of Smolensk Oblast. Resolution #261 of April 30, 2008 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #464 of June 27, 2014 On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast. ).
- Смоленская областная Дума. Закон №89-з от 2 декабря 2004 г. «О наделении статусом муниципального района муниципального образования "Монастырщинский район" Смоленской области, об установлении границ муниципальных образований, территории которых входят в его состав, и наделении их соответствующим статусом», в ред. Закона №78-з от 28 мая 2015 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований Монастырщинского района Смоленской области, об установлении численности и срока полномочий депутатов представительных органов первого созыва вновь образованных муниципальных образований Монастырщинского района Смоленской области, а также порядка избрания, полномочий и срока полномочий первых глав вновь образованных муниципальных образований Монастырщинского района Смоленской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вестник Смоленской областной Думы и Администрации Смоленской области", №12, часть II, стр. 390, 5 декабря 2004 г. (Smolensk Oblast Duma. Law #89-z of December 2, 2004 On Granting the Status of the Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of "Monastyrshchinsky District" of Smolensk Oblast, on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Whose Territories It Comprises, and on Granting Them Appropriate Status, as amended by the Law #78-z of May 28, 2015 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations in Monastyrshchinsky District of Smolensk Oblast, on Setting the Number and Term Limits of the Deputies of the Representative Bodies of the First Convocation in the Newly Established Municipal Formations in Monastyrshchinsky District of Smolensk Oblast, as Well as the Election Procedures, Powers, and Term Limits of the First Heads of the Newly Established Municipal Formations in Monastyrshchinsky District of Smolensk Oblast. Effective as of the official publication date.).