This article lists the rulers of Tyrone (Irish: Tír Eoghain) from 1185 to 1616. They are listed from their date of accession to date of death, unless otherwise stated.
Prior to this, the ruling dynasty - the Cenél nEógain - were most of the kings of Ailech. During the tenth and eleventh centuries, two main septs within the dynasty emerged; the Meic Lochlainn and the O'Neill. The latter family pushed aside the Meic Lochlainn, and from 1241 onwards the kingdom was ruled exclusively by members of the O'Neill family.
For the offshoot Clandeboye O'Neill kingdom, distinct from Tyrone, that was ruled by the descendants of Hugh Boy O'Neill, see List of rulers of Clandeboye.
Kings of Tyrone, 1185—1607
edit| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domhnall mac Aodha Mac Lochlainn 1185–1186 1187–1188 |
Son of Aodh Mac Lochlainn | unknown | 1188 | |
| Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh 1186–1187 |
 |
Son of Aodh Ó Flaithbheartaigh | unknown | 1197 |
| Muirchertaigh Mac Lochlainn 1188–1196 |
Son of Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn | unknown | 1196 | |
| Aodh Méith mac Aodha O'Neill 1196–1201 1201–1230 |
 |
Son of Aodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg O'Neill | Bean-Midhe | 1230 |
| Conchobhar Beg mac Conchobhair Mac Lochlainn 1201 |
Son of Conchobar mac Muirchertaigh Mac Lochlainn son of Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn | unknown | 1201 | |
| Niall Ruadh mac Aodha O'Neill 1230 |
|
Son of Aodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg O'Neill | Nuala O'Connor | 1235 |
| Domhnall mac Muirchertaigh Mac Lochlainn 1230–1232 1235–1238 1239–1241 |
Son of Muirchertach Mac Muirchertaigh Mac Lochlainn son of Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn | unknown | 1241 | |
| Domhnall Óg mac Aodha Méith O'Neill 1232–1235 |
|
Son of Aodh Méith mac Aodha O'Neill | unknown | 1235 |
| Brian Chatha an Dúna O'Neill[1] 1238–1239 1241–1260 |
|
Son of Niall Ruadh mac Aodha O'Neill and Nuala O'Connor | unknown | 16 May 1260 |
| Hugh Boy O'Neill[2] 1260–1261 1263–1283 |
 |
Son of Domhnall Óg mac Aodha Méith O'Neill | unknown | 1283 |
| Niall Culanach O'Neill 1261–1263 1286–1290 |
|
Son of Domhnall Óg mac Aodha Méith O'Neill | unknown | 1290 |
| Domhnall O'Neill 1283–1286 1290–1291 1295–1325 |
|
Son of Brian O'Neill | Gormhflaith O'Donnell | 1325 |
| Brian O'Neill[3] 1291–1295 |
|
Son of Hugh Boy O'Neill and Eleanor de Angulo | unknown | 1295 |
| Henry O'Neill[3] 1325–1345 (Contested) |
|
Son of Brian O'Neill | unknown | 1347 |
| Aodh Reamhair O'Neill 1325–1345 (Contested)[4] 1345–1364 |
|
Son of Domhnall O'Neill and Gormflaith O'Donnell | unknown | 1364 |
| Niall Mór mac Aodha Reamhair O'Neill[5] 1364–1397 |
|
Son of Aodh Reamhair O'Neill | unknown | 1398 |
| Niall Óg mac Néill O'Neill 1397–1402 |
|
Son of Niall Mór mac Aodha Reamhair O'Neill | Una O'Neil | 1403 |
| Brian Óg mac Néill Óg O'Neill 1402–1403 |
|
Son of Niall Óg mac Néill O'Neill and Una O'Neill | unknown | 1403 |
| Domhnall mac Éinri Aimhreidh O'Neill 1404–1410 1414–1419 1421–1432 |
|
Son of Éinri Aimhreidh O'Neill son of Niall Mór O'Neill | unknown | 1410 |
| Eoghan mac Néill Óg O'Neill 1410–1414 1419–1421 1432–1455 |
|
Son of Niall Óg mac Néill O'Neill and Una O'Neill | Catherine MacMahon | 1456 |
| Éinri mac Eoghain O'Neill 1455–1483 |
|
Son of Eoghan mac Néill Óg O'Neill | Gormhflaith MacMurrough-Kavanagh | 1484 |
| Conn Mór mac Éinri O'Neill 1483–1493 |
|
Son of Éinri mac Eoghain O'Neill and Gormhflaith MacMurrough-Kavanagh | Cumach O'Cahan Eleanor FitzGerald |
8 January 1493 |
| Éinri Óg mac Éinri O'Neill 1493–1498 |
|
Son of Éinri mac Eoghain O'Neill and Gormhflaith MacMurrough-Kavanagh | unknown | 21 August 1498 |
| Domhnall Clarach O'Neill 1498–1509 |
|
Son of Éinri mac Eoghain O'Neill and Gormhflaith MacMurrough-Kavanagh | unknown | 6 August 1509 |
| Art mac Aodh O'Neill 1509–1513 |
 |
Son of Aodh O'Neill of the Fews son of Eoghan mac Néill Óg O'Neill | unknown | 1513 |
| Art Oge O'Neill 1513–1519 |
|
1470 Son of Conn Mór mac Éinri O'Neill and Cumach O'Cahan |
unknown | 1519 |
| Conn Bacagh O'Neill 1519–1558 |
|
1484 Son of Conn Mór mac Éinri O'Neill and Eleanor FitzGerald |
Alice FitzGerald Sorcha O'Neill |
16 July 1559 |
| Shane O'Neill 1559–1567 |
 |
1530 Son of Conn O'Neill, 1st Earl of Tyrone and Alice FitzGerald |
Catherine McDonnell Margaret O'Donnell Catherine MacLean |
2 June 1567 Cushendun |
| Turlough Luineach O'Neill 1567–1593 |
 |
1532 Son of Niall Connellagh O'Neill son of Art Oge O'Neill |
Agnes Campbell | 10 September 1595 |
| Hugh O'Neill 1593–1607 |
 |
1550 Son of Matthew O'Neill, 1st Baron Dungannon (legitimised son of Conn O'Neill, 1st Earl of Tyrone to Alison Kelly) and Siobhan Maguire |
Katherine O'Neill Siobhán O'Donnell Mabel Bagenal Katherine Magennis |
20 July 1616 Rome |
It could also be argued that Conn Bacach had taken the title Earl of Tyrone in 1542, as part of the process of surrender and regrant, and in the process had waived his title. Whether he could waive it without consulting his clan derbfine is part of this debate.
Conn Bacach's grandson Hugh was not proclaimed king at Tullyhogue in 1593, but assumed the title after arranging to pay Turlough Luineach an annuity.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Disputed High King of Ireland 1258-1260.
- ^ Last king to be styled King of Ailech.
- ^ a b Also King of Clandeboye.
- ^ O'Byrne, Emmett. "O'Neill (Ó Néill), Aodh Reamhar (Aodh Mór)". Dictionary of Irish Biography.
His succession to the kingship was the result of the deaths by violence of three of his brothers, in 1318, 1319, and 1325, the last of whom, Cú Uladh, died in the same year as their father. Aodh Reamhar assumed the leadership, but much of his early reign was dominated by his struggle with Henry O'Neill (qv) of the Clann Aodha Buidhe. By the middle of the 1330s Aodh Reamhar had established himself as a rival king of Tyrone in opposition to Henry, and proved to be an astute warrior and politician
- ^ Also styled as King of Ulster 1364.
Bibliography
edit- "Kings of Tír Eógain and Earls of Tyrone, 1185-1616", pages 211-213, "A New History of Ireland", Volume 9: Maps, Genealogies, Lists; A Companion to Irish History Part II", edited by T. W. Moody, F.X. Martin, F.J. Byrne, Oxford, 1984.