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Akaki Mgeladze (Georgian: აკაკი მგელაძე; Russian: Ака́кий Ива́нович Мгела́дзе; 1910–1980) was a Soviet politician. He served as First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party from 1952 to 1953, and before that was First Secretary of the Communist Party of Abkhazia from 1943 until 1951, as well as previously leading both the Georgian and Abkhazian Komsomol and Gruzneft.
Akaki Mgeladze | |
|---|---|
| აკაკი მგელაძე (Georgian) Акакий Мгеладзе (Russian) | |
| First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party | |
| In office 2 April 1952 – 14 April 1953 | |
| Preceded by | Kandid Charkviani |
| Succeeded by | Aleksandre Mirtskhulava |
| First Secretary of the Communist Party of Abkhazia | |
| In office February 1943 – November 1951 | |
| Preceded by | Mikhail Baramiya |
| Succeeded by | Shota Getia |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1910 Melekeduri, Ozurgeti uezd, Kutaisi Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | 1980 (aged 69–70) Ozurgeti, Guria, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union |
| Nationality | Soviet |
| Political party | Communist Party of the Soviet Union |
Life and career
editPre-WW2
editBorn in the Guria region of Georgia, Mgeladze had grown up in Abkhazia and was serving with the military on the Transcaucasus Front when he was appointed head of the Communist Party of Abkhazia by Joseph Stalin. Under Mgeladze, Georgian was made the language of instruction in Abkhazia, replacing Abkhaz and Russian at the start of the 1945–1946 academic year.
Friendship with Stalin
editAfter the Second World War, Mgeladze became a confidant of Stalin, who nicknamed him “Comrade Wolf”.[1] He made a declaration that Abkhazia would produce lemons for the entirety of the Soviet Union after Stalin repeatedly showed him lemon trees.[2] Using his influence with Stalin, Mgeladze manoeuvred against head of the Ministry of State Security Lavrentiy Beria, denouncing his corruption and that of Stalin’s other confidant Kandid Charkviani, who was an ally of Beria.[3] Mgeladze succeeded in convincing Stalin to turn against Charkviani and strengthened his distrust of Beria.[4] In March 1952 Mgeladze was appointed First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party by Beria, replacing Charkviani.[5]
Resignation and later life
editHe held his position until he was forced out by Beria in April 1953, after Stalin's death. Forced to admit that he took bribes while head of the Communist Party of Abkhazia, Mgeladze was only able to remain a Party member because his successor in Georgia, Aleksandre Mirtskhulava, refused to expel him. After that he served as the chairman of the Bibnisi collective farm, located in the Kareli Municipality.
Mgeladze wrote a memoir, Сталин Каким я его знал: Страницы недавнего прошлого (Stalin As I Knew Him: Pages of the Recent Past), and died in 1980. For his efforts Mgeladze was awarded two Orders of Lenin, as well as the Order of the Red Banner of Labour, Order of the Red Star, Order of the Patriotic War, two Orders of the Badge of Honour, and others.
References
edit- ^ Simon Sebag Montefiore (July 10, 2003). Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar. Vintage Books. p. 616. ISBN 1400076781.
- ^ Simon Sebag Montefiore (July 10, 2003). Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar. Vintage Books. p. 525. ISBN 1400076781.
- ^ Simon Sebag Montefiore (July 10, 2003). Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar. Vintage Books. p. 624. ISBN 1400076781.
- ^ Simon Sebag Montefiore (July 10, 2003). Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar. Vintage Books. p. 631. ISBN 1400076781.
- ^ Simon Sebag Montefiore (July 10, 2003). Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar. Vintage Books. p. 633. ISBN 1400076781.
Sources
edit- Mgeladze, Akaki. Сталин Каким я его знал: Страницы недавнего прошлого (Stalin As I Knew Him: Pages of the Recent Past), 2001.
- Suny, Ronald Grigor. The Making of the Georgian Nation. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1994.