Wikipedia

2023–2024 Spanish protests

(Redirected from 2023 Spanish protests)

The 2023–2024 Spanish protests against Catalan amnesty were a series of protests which began in October 2023, resulting from the announced negotiations of then-acting prime minister Pedro Sánchez's Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) with former president of the Government of Catalonia Carles Puigdemont's Together for Catalonia (Junts) party. These negotiations were aimed at forming a governing coalition after the 2023 Spanish general election.[1][2]

2023–2024 Spanish protests
Part of 2023 Spanish government formation
Demonstration in Plaza de Colón on 29 October 2023 (top); protest against the amnesty in Calle de Ferraz on 6 November (bottom)
Date29 October 2023 – 26 May 2024
(6 months, 3 weeks and 6 days)
Location
Spain
Caused by
Goals
  • Prevent the processing of the amnesty law
  • Resignation of Pedro Sánchez
  • Dissolution of parliament and calling of a new general election
MethodsProtests, demonstrations, civil disobedience, civil disorder (rioting, vandalism)
StatusFailed
  • Government of Sánchez invested
  • Amnesty law introduced
  • New elections not called
Parties

Protesters

Supported by
Lead figures

No centralized leadership

Casualties and losses
50 injured
+30 detained
36 injured

Alberto Núñez Feijóo's People's Party (PP), failed to form a government as they could not muster enough support to reach a parliamentary majority. After Feijóo failed in his investiture vote, King Felipe VI tasked Sánchez with forming a government.[3] The distribution of seats, after the election resulted in Sánchez being required to rely on Junts (with seven seats in Congress at the time) to vote in his favor to be able to form a government.[4][5] Junts had not supported him in the formation of previous governments, having voted against him in his July 2019 and January 2020 investiture votes.[6][7]

The starting position of Junts and Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) in negotiations were the amnesty of all participants in the 2017 Catalan independence referendum, and the possibility of holding a new referendum. Catalan Civil Society (SCC), a group opposed to Catalan independence, called a demonstration for 8 October, in response to a potential amnesty.[8] On 28 October Sánchez discussed the amnesty proposal at a PSOE Federal Committee, as part of government formation negotiations.[9][10] Following the investment of Sanchez's government in the middle of November, the protests against Catalan amnesty began declining by late February, with new protests being called at the end of May days before the law was passed, having failed to achieve their objectives.

Protests in 2023

edit
 
 
Preventive demonstrations against the amnesty in Madrid on 24 September 2023 (top) and in Barcelona on 8 October 2023 (bottom)

The People's Party (PP) called their first protest against a possible amnesty for the Catalan pro-independence supporters by Sánchez before Alberto Núñez Feijóo presented himself for investiture.[11] The protest took place in the Plaza de Felipe II in Madrid on the morning of September 24.[12][13] Feijóo was supported by former presidents José María Aznar and Mariano Rajoy, as well as by other PP barons such as Almeida and Ayuso.[11][12][14] A delegation of the government of the Community of Madrid estimated that more than 40,000 people attended the event, while the PP put the number at 60,000. There was no official confirmation of the number who attended.[12][14]

The acting vice-president Yolanda Díaz said about this event that the "proposal of the right wing is to set fire to Catalonia", while the president of the Generalitat of Catalonia, Pere Aragonès, said that the meeting of the PP was "a demonstration of hatred and revenge against Catalonia".[15]

28 October

edit
 
Signs of protesters criticising Sánchez and the Catalan independence movement at an SCC demonstration in Barcelona, 8 October 2023

Before negotiations by Sánchez to form a government, SCC called a demonstration in Barcelona against the amnesty proposal.[16] Núñez Feijóo and Isabel Díaz Ayuso, of the PP, attended.[8][16]

29 October

edit

After the amnesty was announced to be forming part of negotiations to form a Sánchez-led government, a protest organised by a group linked to the Vox party took place in the Plaza de Colón in Madrid. According to government of Madrid sources, 100,000 people attended.[17][18][19]

Feijóo took part in a protest in Málaga with the president of Andalusia, Juanma Moreno of the PP, 11,000 people attended according to National Police.[20][21]

3–5 November

edit
 
Ferraz street during the demonstrations

On 3–5 November, demonstrations were held at the PSOE headquarters in Calle de Ferraz. The PP distanced itself from these protests but the protests were supported by the Vox party. A thousand people were reported to be at the demonstration.[17][22][23] Although the demonstration had not been communicated to the Government Delegation, the National Police was aware of it.[17][22][24]

 
Demonstrator with a Spanish morion, a Cross of Burgundy with the double-headed eagle and a sign calling for the "direct election of the Head of Government".

On 4 November, the former president of the Senate of Spain Esperanza Aguirre of the PP called for the amnesty to be put to a national referendum.[25][26][27] The same day, PSOE agreed to continue with the agreement with Sumar to form a government and to continue negotiating with the other parliamentary groups.[28] On 5 November, protests were held in Barcelona, Burgos, Córdoba, León, Socuéllamos, Valencia, Vigo and Villareal.[29][30][31]

7 November

edit

On 7 November, there were demonstrations in Madrid, Barcelona, Badajoz, Valencia, Seville, El Puerto de Santa Maria, Oviedo, Salamanca, Tarragona, Zaragoza, Leon and Murcia.[10]

9 November

edit

Protests began in front of the PSOE headquarters on Thursday, involving multiple confrontations with the police. Tensions rose after protesters threw firecrackers at the police, and there were also reports of flares being thrown. Some protesters destroyed the fences that were protecting the headquarters of the PSOE and there were also people chanting "Puigdemont, to prison", "Let Txapote vote for you", and "Sánchez traitor". The protests were dispersed, with 24 arrests made and 7 police officers injured.[32]

11 November

edit

Protests continued outside of the PSOE headquarters, with protesters throwing objects at the police. The police responded with rubber bullets and tear gas. When the police began to disperse crowds and arrest protestors, improvised sit-ins began on Marques de Urquijo Street. In total, 9 arrests were made and 3 people were injured.[33]

12 November

edit

Protests were called for by the PP and Vox and a reported 52 cities held protests, additionally 1,000 people attended a protest outside the PSOE headquarters.[34][35] In total, 13 arrests and there were reports of 6 people being injured.[36] The following table shows the number of participants in the protests by city:[37]

Territorios Participants according to the Government Delegation

and FCSE

Participants

according to the organizers (Partido Popular)

Madrid 80,000 500,000
Castile and León 75,000
Ávila 2,500[38] 4,000[38]
Burgos 5,000
León 9,500
Palencia 4,000
Salamanca 21,000
Segovia 4,000
Soria 1,500
Valladolid 25,000[39]
Zamora 2,500
Valencia 24,000
Alicante 20,000
Castellón 4,500
Andalucía 131,000
Almería 12,500
Cádiz 3,800
Córdoba 20 000[40] 30,000[40]
Granada 30,000
Jaén 10,000
Huelva 5,000[41]
Sevilla 30,000 60,000[42]
Málaga 30,000[43] 52,000[43]
Galicia 12,800 30,000
A Coruña 6,000[44] 10 000
Pontevedra 4,000[44] 10 000
Lugo 2,500[44] 4,000
Ourense 300[44] 4,000[45]
Palma de Mallorca 10,000[46] 13,000
Zaragoza 40,000
Teruel 2,500 3,000[47]
Huesca 3,000 3,000[47]
Murcia 8,000 – 10 000[48] 35,000
Cáceres 6,000[49] 10,000[49]
Badajoz 7,000[49] 12,000[49]
Pamplona 6,000
Las Palmas 2,500 8,000
Oviedo 6,000 – 35,000
Santander 15,000 20,000
Logroño 700[50] 25,000

According to the Guàrdia Urbana de Barcelona, around 6,500 participants gathered against the amnesty in the Plaça Sant Jaume in Barcelona. The protest gathered various Spanish right-wing leadership, including Vox Secretary -General Ignacio Garriga, and Citizens MP Carlos Carrizosa.[51]

The Valencia Government Delegation reported 4,500 protestors in Castellón, including Castellón mayor Begoña Carrasco.[52] In Valencia, several people reportedly attacked journalist Matilde Alcaraz and her cameraman while covering the protests for À Punt.[53]

13 November

edit

An estimated 80,000 people gathered in Madrid's Puerta del Sol square against the amnesty deal, while several thousand more gathered in cities across the country. Among the protesters was the PP leadership, including former prime minister José María Aznar, Madrid regional premier Isabel Díaz Ayuso, and Madrid Madrid Mayor Jose Luis Martinez-Almeida.[54] Protesters were also present in the vicinity of the PSOE headquarters. Among those on Ferraz Street was Vox President Santiago Abascal, who was accompanied by American journalist and former Fox News anchor Tucker Carlson.[55] In Valencia, protesters were limited to 100 outside the headquarters of the Socialist Party of the Valencian Country (PPSV), a regional branch of the PSOE.[56]

Solidaridad, a trade union affiliated with Vox, called for a general strike for 24 November.[57] The strike was deemed illegal by the Spanish government despite being postulated within the 10-day announcement limit as the nature of the protests was deemed to be strictly political and not related to labor demands, in violation of strike laws.[58][59]

14 November

edit

There were protests outside of the PSOE headquarters on Ferraz Street.[60] The Government Delegation reported 1,300 people there.[61] Protesters placed 20 inflatable dolls in the front row of the protest to mock the PSOE as "not a political party, but a strip club".[62][60][61] Protestors made anti-Sánchez chants to police to join their sides in the protests. There were also protesters outside of the Congress of Deputies.[63]

It was reported that 10 student associations, affiliated with Vox, protested in front of the Complutense Faculty of Law, while a smaller number of students protested at the University of Barcelona's Faculty of Law. The number of protesters were reported between 50–100 in Complutense, while 20 were reported at the University of Barcelona.[64][65]

Vox filed a complaint against Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez amidst his amnesty proposals to the Supreme Court of Spain for a precautionary suspension of his investiture, which did not happen.[66] The petition was rejected by the Court, noting that Santiago Abascal forgot to state what crime Sánchez had committed and even who he was complaining against.[67][68]

15 November

edit
 
Variation on the Spanish flag used by some protesters

Protests outside of the PSOE headquarters occurred with protesters carrying the flags of Spain and making anti-Puigdemont chants. The chants were similar to those from previous protests.[69]

16 November

edit

A protest reported to be 4,000 people by DW protesting after Sanchez's re-election. The protesters were reported to have thrown flares and other objects at police, who issued warnings to the protesters.[70]

17 November

edit

A reduction in the number of protestors was noted, as only around 1,000 protesters were reported on Ferraz Street in Madrid.[71] The Unidades de Intervención Policial (UIP), a riot police sub-unit of the National Police Corps, oversaw the protests. Present at the protest were Vox politicians, including Vice President Javier Ortega Smith and Junta de Castilla y León Vice President Juan García Gallardo. According to the Union of Federal Police (UFP), Ortega attempted to coerce the UIP by "directing police to accommodate his own interests", as well as not presenting his credentials as a member of the Congress of Deputies to the UIP as he had done on 16 November.[72] The UFP reneged Ortega for "abusing his condition as a Deputy", as well as making a statement that "these police are the same ones that defended your boss, Mr. Abascal".[73] Ortega responded by stating that he had come with cameras to prevent violence in the protests. Ortega claimed he had information that some units of the UIP used excessive force that would "fall within the Penal Code as an abuse of authority".[74] When the protests ended, a cleaning crew was required to clean up large quantities of litter, including alcohol containers and soda bottles.[75]

18 November

edit

Protests continued as 170,000 people demonstrated in Madrid's Plaza de Cibeles, according to the Spanish Government Delegation.[76] Protest organizers (including Vox president Santiago Abascal and People's Party president Alberto Núñez Feijóo) claimed close to 1 million people attended the protests.[77] An estimated 3,000 people demonstrated outside the headquarters of the PSOE, while about 400 protesters marched towards the Palace of Moncloa through the A-6 highway,[76][78][79] closing the road for about 1 hour.[80] The bulk of the protesters were composed of Christian associations, supporters of the transition, and critics of the Spanish electoral system.[81]

Protests in 2024

edit

January

edit

300 protesters celebrated the new year at Ferraz, during the act, the protesters hung up and hit a doll of Pedro Sánchez characterized with Nazi symbols.[82][83] The protest was recorded by the far-right YouTuber Isaac Parejo and the journalist María Durán. The videos were transmitted by a Youtube channel live.[84] Every important political party of Spain, including PP and Vox, rejected the act[85][86][87] and the PSOE denounced the participants of the protests for hate crimes, and solicited a investigation for find the organizations that financed the act, but before the investigation started, the PSOE detected a Vox network of influence on the protesters.[88][89][90] During the investigation, the police questioned Antonio Martínez Vázquez as organizer of the protest,[91] but he only declared that he just helped an organization linked to Vox, and he did not know about the beating of the doll.[92] After the investigation, the police removed Antonio Martínez from the "blacklist" and they pointed to Pablo González Gasca, one of the leaders of the protests and Vox member.[93] On 1 January one hundred people tried to calm down the protests with mariachis.[94]

On 4 January, one hundred protesters headed to the Palacio de Cibeles, many of them, Vox supporters. These protesters showed support to Ortega Smith, a Vox member who was expelled from the City Council of Madrid. The protesters were marching meanwhile shouting "PSOE, PP, la misma mierda es" ("PSOE, PP, are the same shit").[95] The next day, the protesters grabbed another doll of Pedro Sánchez to hit it as they did on Ferraz on 1 January.[95]

In 2024 the number of protesters went down and the main newspapers started to give less coverage to the protests.[96][97] These reasons led to twenty protesters meeting on 7 January to decide the strategy to follow, with doubts about Vox's actions and supporting Díaz Ayuso's posture.[98]

In Valencia, the number of protests dropped so much that Carlos Sanz, a local PP mayor, screamed at those who were protesting in front of the PSPV headquarters with a "Llevo respetando [a los manifestantes] tres meses, pero sois cuatro gatos y ensuciáis a la derecha española" ("I have been respecting [the protesters] for three months, but you are just four cats and you are making the Spanish right dirty").[99]

On 10 January, PP and Vox each presented an amendment in congress, and both were rejected.[100][101] The leader of the PP organized a protest in Madrid for 28 January, but Vox did not participate.[102][103][104] 45,000 to 70,000 protesters gathered in Ferraz and protested with two dolls: one of the president Pedro Sanchez, and the other of Carles Puigdemont.[105][106][107]

February

edit

The 26th Court of Madrid began investigating the New Year's Eve events on 12 February.[108] A day later, the Judicial Ethics Committee, an independent body of the judiciary's governing bodies, endorsed the protests some judges made in November of the previous year against the amnesty,[109] as long as the act is "honest, thoughtful, and sincere conviction" and that the action objected to "could affect the Rule of Law."[110]

On the 16th, Judge Concepción Jerez closed the investigation into the events surrounding the piñata that simulated Pedro Sánchez because "lack of education is not a crime."[111] The PSOE decided to appeal the decision.[112]

On 20 February, the Cortes Generales approved a fifteen-day extension for the Justice Committee to issue a report on the amnesty law. Two days later, the opposition leader and president of the PP, Núñez Feijóo, announced another series of protests against the law.[113]

Notes

edit
  1. ^ The PSOE reached investiture agreements with ERC and Junts, in addition to the BNG and the PNV.

References

edit
  1. ^ redaccio (6 November 2023). "El PSOE y Junts retoman las negociaciones para investir a Sánchez". El Triangle (in European Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  2. ^ Díaz, María del Pilar (3 November 2023). "Manifestaciones contra la amnistía en Madrid, Barcelona o Valencia: horario, cuándo y dónde serán". elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  3. ^ Esteban, Paloma (29 September 2023). "Feijóo pierde la votación definitiva de su investidura y se abre el tiempo de Sánchez". elperiodicodeespana (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  4. ^ "Sánchez necesita el 'sí' de Junts al perder un escaño en Madrid". Diario de Ávila (in Spanish). 28 July 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  5. ^ "El PSOE podrá volver a gobernar si convence a Junts: "Vamos a por ello"". Confidencial Digital (in Spanish). 24 July 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  6. ^ "Sesión de investidura: El Congreso tumba la elección de Pedro Sánchez como presidente del Gobierno con 155 votos en contra y 67 abstenciones". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 25 July 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  7. ^ "Resultado de la segunda votación de investidura de Pedro Sánchez". elperiodico (in Spanish). 7 January 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  8. ^ a b "Manifestación en Barcelona 8 de octubre | Miles de personas protestan contra la amnistía en la capital catalana". El País (in Spanish). 8 October 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  9. ^ Marcos, José (28 October 2023). "Sánchez defiende la amnistía en el comité federal del PSOE por "el interés de España y en defensa de la convivencia entre españoles"". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  10. ^ a b "Las manifestaciones en toda España contra la amnistía de Sánchez en imágenes". www.larazon.es (in Spanish). 7 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  11. ^ a b Junquera, Natalia (24 September 2023). "Feijóo alerta contra la amnistía y pasa por alto su investidura ante 40.000 personas". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  12. ^ a b c Beleña, Sergio; Ramos, Ana Belén (24 September 2023). "Feijóo desborda su acto en Madrid y acusa a Sánchez de promover la "impunidad" del procés". elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  13. ^ Jiménez, Por Beatriz (24 September 2023). "Más de 40.000 personas arropan a Feijóo contra la posible amnistía de Sánchez: "Voy a defender España aunque me cueste la presidencia del Gobierno"". Infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  14. ^ a b "La Delegación del Gobierno en Madrid cifra en 40.000 los asistentes a la manifestación del PP contra la amnistía". Infobae (in European Spanish). 24 September 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  15. ^ País, El (24 September 2023). "Negociaciones de investidura: 24 de septiembre | Feijóo tacha la amnistía de "indignidad" y "cacicada" ante miles de personas en Madrid". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  16. ^ a b Piñol, Àngels (8 October 2023). "Miles de personas claman en Barcelona contra la amnistía a los encausados del 'procés'". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  17. ^ a b c "Pactos y negociaciones para la investidura de Sánchez, 3 de noviembre | Termina la manifestación ultra que ha reunido a cientos de personas frente a Ferraz". El País (in Spanish). 3 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  18. ^ País, El (29 October 2023). "Pactos y negociaciones para la investidura de Sánchez, 29 de octubre | Unas 100.000 personas protestan en Madrid contra la amnistía en una manifestación apoyada por Vox". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  19. ^ SER, Cadena (29 October 2023). "Unas 100.000 personas claman en Madrid contra la amnistía en una manifestación encabezada por Vox: "Supondría un golpe de Sánchez contra el estado de derecho"". cadena SER (in European Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  20. ^ Orellana, Jesús Sánchez (29 October 2023). "Feijóo a Sánchez: "De la necesidad virtud... no, no, no... de tú necesidad un problema para todos los españoles"". cadena SER (in European Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  21. ^ "Feijóo avisa de que Sánchez va a arrasar con la "izquierda constitucionalista", "a la que ya no conoce ni la madre que la parió"". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 29 October 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  22. ^ a b "Manifestación en Ferraz contra los pactos de Pedro Sánchez con el independentismo y la ley de amnistía". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 3 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  23. ^ Navarro, Ana Pérez (7 November 2023). "Tres noches de protestas ilegales en Ferraz que molestan al PSOE e incomodan al PP". Infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  24. ^ "Noticias de España | EL MUNDO". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  25. ^ Puentes, Ana (3 November 2023). "Centenares de manifestantes protestan contra la amnistía y el pacto de socialistas e independentistas ante la sede del PSOE". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  26. ^ Lomo, Javier Arias (4 November 2023). "Vuelven a cortar la calle Ferraz por una protesta contra la amnistía frente a la sede del PSOE". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  27. ^ "Esperanza Aguirre lidera una nueva manifestación contra la amnistía, corta el tráfico en Ferraz y pide un referéndum al PSOE". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 4 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  28. ^ "El 87% de la militancia del PSOE ratifica el acuerdo para formar Gobierno en España". www.psoe.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  29. ^ "Marea de movilizaciones en toda España en contra de las cesiones del Gobierno a los independentistas". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 5 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  30. ^ "Preparan nuevas protestas ante sedes del PSOE mientras un diario socialista intenta amedrentar a los manifestantes". Contando Estrelas (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  31. ^ Santos, Noelia (5 November 2023). "Más de 2.000 manifestantes claman contra la amnistía ante la sede del PSOE de Córdoba". Diario Córdoba (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  32. ^ "24 detenidos y siete policías nacionales heridos tras las protestas de anoche ante la sede del PSOE". La Cerca (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  33. ^ "La novena noche de protestas contra el PSOE deja nueve detenidos en Ferraz y una acampada frente al Congreso". Infobae (in European Spanish). 11 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  34. ^ "Décima noche de protestas en Ferraz contra la amnistía". Diario ABC (in Spanish). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  35. ^ SER, Cadena (12 November 2023). "Manifestación contra la amnistía en Madrid este domingo: cortes de tráfico y cierre de líneas de metro". cadena SER (in European Spanish). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  36. ^ "La novena noche de protestas en Ferraz se salda con 13 detenidos y seis heridos de carácter leve". Infobae (in European Spanish). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  37. ^ "Cientos de miles de personas se manifiestan en toda España contra la amnistía: "No callaremos hasta que volvamos a votar. ¿Por qué le tienen miedo a las urnas?"". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  38. ^ a b "Entre 2.500 y 4.000 personas se concentran en Ávila contra la amnistía". Avila Red. 12 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  39. ^ "Multitudinaria manifestación en Valladolid contra la amnistía al grito de "Viva España"". El Mundo. 12 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  40. ^ a b "Miles de cordobeses claman contra la amnistía en la plaza de las Tendillas de Córdoba". Diario de Córdoba. 12 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  41. ^ "Unas 5.000 personas se manifiestan en Huelva contra los acuerdos de investidura de Sánchez". Huelva información. 12 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  42. ^ "Decenas de miles de personas claman en Sevilla contra Pedro Sánchez y la amnistía". Diario de Sevilla. 12 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  43. ^ a b "Málaga se echa a la calle contra la amnistía". Sur. 12 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  44. ^ a b c d "¿Cuánta gente ha ido a las manifestaciones organizadas por el PP en contra de la amnistía?". El Español (in Spanish). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  45. ^ "¿300 o 4.000? El llamativo baile de cifras de la manifestación contra la amnistía en Ourense". El Español (in Spanish). 13 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  46. ^ Aguado, Irene R. (12 November 2023). "El PP saca a las calles de Palma a 10.000 personas contra la amnistía: «No nos callaremos»". Diario de Mallorca (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  47. ^ a b "Las protestas contra la aministía reúnen unas 40.000 personas en Zaragoza". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  48. ^ "Las protestas contra la amnistía en Murcia se diluyen en mensajes ultraderechistas: "España es cristiana, nunca musulmana"". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  49. ^ a b c d "Así hemos contado en directo las concentraciones extremeñas contra la amnistía". Hoy. 12 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  50. ^ ""España no se vende, se defiende" corean unas 700 personas ante la sede del PSOE Logroño". EFE.
  51. ^ "La protesta contra la amnistía reúne a unas 6.500 en la plaza Sant Jaume de Barcelona". www.lavanguardia.com. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  52. ^ "Miles de personas convocadas por el PPCS salen a la calle en Castelló contra la amnistía | Onda Cero Radio". www.ondacero.es (in Spanish). 12 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  53. ^ elDiariocv (12 November 2023). "Ultras acosan a una periodista de À Punt frente a la sede socialista en Valencia". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  54. ^ Martínez, Virginia (13 November 2023). "Hundreds of thousands of Spaniards march against amnesty for Catalan separatists". El País. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  55. ^ CHARTE, MIGUEL (14 November 2023). "¿Quién es Tucker Carlson, el periodista que acompañó a Abascal?". RTVE.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  56. ^ Levante-EMV (13 November 2023). "Nueva protesta ante la sede del PSPV". Levante-EMV (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  57. ^ González, Miguel (13 November 2023). "Solidaridad, el sindicato de Vox, convoca una huelga general pese a no tener ni el 0,1% de los delegados sindicales". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  58. ^ "Por qué sería ilegal la huelga general de Vox contra la ley de amnistía | Onda Cero Radio". www.ondacero.es (in Spanish). 14 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  59. ^ "El sindicato de Vox convoca una huelga general (que sería ilegal) el 24 de noviembre contra la ley de amnistía". www.lasexta.com (in Spanish). 13 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  60. ^ a b SER,Agencias, Cadena (14 November 2023). "Muñecas hinchables y cánticos machistas en el duodécimo día de protestas en Ferraz: "Estas son las ministras del PSOE"". cadena SER (in European Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  61. ^ a b "Un grupo de manifestantes protesta en Ferraz con muñecas hinchables: "Estas son las ministras"". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 14 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  62. ^ infoLibre (15 November 2023). "Lunes de rosario y martes de muñecas hinchables: la concentración ultra en Ferraz es ya un esperpento". infoLibre (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  63. ^ País, El (14 November 2023). "Investidura de Sánchez, 14 de noviembre | Cientos de manifestantes protestan ante la sede del PSOE en Ferraz en la víspera del debate de investidura de Sánchez". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  64. ^ QUÍLEZ, I. FEDRIANI / M. J. LARA / S. (14 November 2023). "Investidura de Pedro Sánchez, en directo | Reacciones y protestas". RTVE.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  65. ^ González, Leo (14 November 2023). "50 manifestantes en Madrid y 20 en Barcelona: las protestas contra Sánchez fracasan en la universidad". infoLibre (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  66. ^ Rincón, Miguel González, Reyes (14 November 2023). "Vox se querella contra Sánchez por la amnistía y pide al Supremo la suspensión cautelar de la investidura". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 November 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  67. ^ "El Supremo rechaza la petición de Vox de paralizar el debate de investidura por la proposición de la amnistía". Diario Red. 15 November 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  68. ^ "Vox olvida decir en su querella cuál es el delito que denuncian y quién lo ha cometido: "Son un meme andante"". Público. 15 November 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  69. ^ Lezama, Laura (15 November 2023). "Manifestación en la calle Ferraz de Madrid contra la amnistía: cientos de personas se concentran en la decimotercera jornada". elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  70. ^ "Más de 4.000 españoles protestan tras reelección de Sánchez – DW – 16/11/2023". dw.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  71. ^ "Las protestas en Ferraz menguan en el decimoquinto día". Diario ABC (in Spanish). 18 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  72. ^ "Un sindicato policial lanza un durísimo comunicado contra Ortega Smith". El Plural (in Spanish). 17 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  73. ^ Rodriguez, Jorge A. (17 November 2023). "Sindicatos policiales cargan contra Ortega-Smith por presionar a los antidisturbios en Ferraz". El Pais. Archived from the original on 19 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  74. ^ Sáiz-Pardo, Melchor (17 November 2023). "La Policía estalla contra Vox por cuestionar su actuación en las protestas de Ferraz". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  75. ^ Fernández, Juan José (18 November 2023). "La protesta en Ferraz deviene en botellón ultra". La Nueva España (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  76. ^ a b "Nueva protesta en Madrid contra la ley de amnistía". EFE Noticias (in European Spanish). 18 November 2023. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  77. ^ RTVE.es (18 November 2023). "Miles personas protestan en Cibeles contra la amnistía". RTVE.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  78. ^ Jones, Sam (18 November 2023). "Rally held in Madrid against Catalan amnesty after Sánchez sworn in as Spanish PM". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  79. ^ País, El (18 November 2023). "Reacciones a la investidura de Sánchez, 19 de noviembre | La Policía dispersa la protesta de Ferraz, que ha reunido a unas 1.500 personas". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  80. ^ Vera, Raul Cadenas Susana (19 November 2023). "Biggest protest in Spain against Catalan amnesty law draws 170,000". Reuters. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  81. ^ Sánchez, Diego (17 November 2023). "Las asociaciones detrás de la protesta del 18-N contra la amnistía: cristianos, liberales, defensores de la Transición y críticos con el sistema electoral". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  82. ^ Telemadrid (1 January 2024). "Unas 300 personas toman las uvas en Ferraz en protesta por la amnistía". Telemadrid (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  83. ^ "Ahorcan y apalean un muñeco de Pedro Sánchez en las campanadas de la ultraderecha frente a la sede del PSOE". www.publico.es. 1 January 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  84. ^ "Quién es InfoVlogger, el 'presentador' de las campanadas en Ferraz: gay, youtuber y autor del 'Vamos a volver al 36'". ElHuffPost (in Spanish). 2 January 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  85. ^ García, Manuel Manahén (2 January 2024). "El PP pregunta al PSOE tras la protesta en Ferraz: ¿Qué opinan sobre los insultos a Almeida?". El Debate (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  86. ^ Liñán, José M. Abad (1 January 2024). "El Gobierno y el PSOE condenan el apaleamiento en Ferraz de un muñeco con la figura de Pedro Sánchez". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  87. ^ Press, Europa (3 January 2024). "Yolanda Díaz no ve delito de odio en el apaleamiento del muñeco de Sánchez pero cree que fue "absolutamente intolerable"". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  88. ^ "El PSOE señala a una red de satélites de Vox como responsables penales de la piñata de Ferraz". El Español (in Spanish). 6 January 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  89. ^ 20minutos (6 January 2024). "La denuncia del PSOE vincula a Vox con las protestas en Ferraz y pide investigar irregularidades en su financiación". www.20minutos.es – Últimas Noticias (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  90. ^ Monrosi, José Enrique (2 January 2024). "El PSOE denunciará la Nochevieja ultra de Ferraz como delito de odio y pide al PP "dejar de alimentar" a sus responsables". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  91. ^ "La Policía tomará declaración este miércoles al convocante de la protesta en la que se apaleó el muñeco de Sánchez". www.publico.es. 2 January 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  92. ^ SER, Cadena (3 January 2024). "El convocante de la protesta de Nochevieja en Ferraz: "Revuelta me pidió el favor y lo hice"". cadena SER (in European Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  93. ^ Frías, Carlos (3 January 2024). "Revuelta cambió de organizador oficial para las 'Uvas de Ferraz' para proteger a un miembro de Vox". El Independiente (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  94. ^ Press, Europa (1 January 2024). "Un centenar de personas vuelven a Ferraz para rezar el rosario y protestar contra Pedro Sánchez". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  95. ^ a b Moreno, Marta (4 January 2024). "Los 'ultra' abandonan Ferraz para irse a Cibeles a insultar a Almeida: "PSOE, PP, la misma mierda es"". Infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  96. ^ Press, Europa (11 January 2024). "FAPE, APM y APP aseguran no haber recibido solicitud de amparo del PSOE por la actuación de varios medios en Ferraz". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  97. ^ "Radicales de extrema derecha vuelven a sacudir en Ferraz a un muñeco de Sánchez". El Plural (in Spanish). 6 January 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  98. ^ "Cumbre en el 'chino facha' de participantes en las protestas de Ferraz: "La gente está cabreada, hay que seguir"". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 9 January 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  99. ^ Moreno, Claudio (24 January 2024). "La bronca de un concejal del PP a los manifestantes contra la amnistía: "¡Estáis jodiendo a los vecinos!"". Levante-EMV (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  100. ^ "El Congreso rechaza las enmiendas a la totalidad del PP y Vox a la ley de amnistía". EITB (in Spanish). 10 January 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  101. ^ "El Congreso rechaza las enmiendas a la totalidad a la ley de amnistía de PP y Vox". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 10 January 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  102. ^ "Feijóo anuncia una manifestación para el 28 de enero: "Volveremos a la calle, a este país no lo extorsiona nadie"". www.antena3.com (in Spanish). 11 January 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  103. ^ Muro, Míriam (11 January 2024). "Feijóo anuncia una "ofensiva sin cuartel y sin descanso" y convoca una manifestación el 28 de enero". Libertad Digital (in European Spanish). Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  104. ^ EFE, Agencia (15 January 2024). "Vox no acudirá a la manifestación del PP del 28 de enero contra Sánchez y los separatistas". COPE (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  105. ^ Montoto, Lara (28 January 2024). "La manifestación contra la amnistía reúne a 45.000 personas, según la Delegación del Gobierno, y a 70.000, según Génova". Newtral (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  106. ^ Martínez, Virginia (28 January 2024). "El PP agita la acusación de terrorismo contra la ley de amnistía en una masiva protesta en Madrid". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  107. ^ "Varias personas mantean muñecos de Sánchez y Puigdemont en Ferraz: "1, 2, 3, colgado por los pies"". El Español (in Spanish). 28 January 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  108. ^ "Un juzgado investiga la protesta de Nochevieja en Ferraz en la que se ahorcó un muñeco de Pedro Sánchez". www.publico.es. 12 February 2024. Retrieved 28 February 2024.
  109. ^ Herrera, Elena (14 November 2023). "Los jueces convocan manifestaciones ante los tribunales contra la ley de amnistía y el acuerdo entre el PSOE y Junts". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 February 2024.
  110. ^ 20minutos (15 February 2024). "La Comisión de Ética Judicial avala las protestas de jueces contra la amnistía si creen que afecta al Estado de Derecho". www.20minutos.es – Últimas Noticias (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 February 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  111. ^ "Protestas contra la amnistía en España (2023–2024)", Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre (in Spanish), 23 February 2024, retrieved 28 February 2024
  112. ^ "Protestas contra la amnistía en España (2023–2024)", Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre (in Spanish), 23 February 2024, retrieved 28 February 2024
  113. ^ "Protestas contra la amnistía en España (2023–2024)", Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre (in Spanish), 23 February 2024, retrieved 28 February 2024
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2023–2024_Spanish_protests&oldid=1248245684"