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'''Porto Novo Iron Works''' known subsequently as the '''Indian Steel and Iron company, Porto Novo Iron Company''' or '''Porto Novo Steel and Iron Company''' was a historic iron and steel plant in southern India founded in 1830 by [[Josiah Marshall Heath]] and later taken over by the [[East India Company]]. The factory was initially located at Porto Novo, now known as [[Parangipettai]], in South Arcot District of Tamil Nadu but was later moved due to fuel shortage to [[Beypore]] on the west coast of India.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://archive.org/stream/indianengineerin02calcuoft#page/368/mode/1up|title=The past of Porto-Novo iron works|author=Closets, A. Pierre de|journal=Indian Engineering|date=3 December 1887|publisher=Calcutta |volume= 2|pages=368-369}}</ref> Iron and steel from the plant was used to construct the railway stations at [[Chennai Central railway station|Madras central]] and [[Chennai Egmore railway station|Egmore]] stations and was also exported to [[Sheffield]].<ref name="HISTORICAL NOTES" /> The company was dissolved in 1874.
It was the oldest and first Iron & Steel plant in [[India]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ali |first=Kaikubad|title=Iron and Steel Industry in India: History and Distribution| journal=History|url=https://www.academia.edu/9752513/Iron_and_Steel_Industry_in_India_History_and_Distribution}} pg. 1</ref><ref name="first">{{cite web|url=https://storytrails.wordpress.com/2019/09/05/the-astonishing-story-of-indias-first-railroad/|title=The astonishing story of India’s first Railroad|author=Percy Bharucha|year=5 September 2019}}</ref> and one of [[Asia|Asia's]] largest iron manufacturing plants in 1880s.<ref name="HISTORICAL NOTES" /> The Portonovo steel was supplied to [[England]] and was used to construct the [[Menai Bridge|Menai]] and [[Britannia Bridge|Britannia bridges]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://eprints.nmlindia.org/5558/1/1-7.PDF|chapter=A brief history of the Indian iron and steel industry|title= International symposium on recent developments in iron- and steelmaking with special reference to Indian conditions.|author=K. N. P. Rao|year=1963|publisher=NML|place=Jamshedpur|page=1}}</ref> The first pier of the [[Chennai Port]] was constructed in 1861 with Porto Novo iron.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.sail.co.in/sites/default/files/publication/2020-06/sail_steel_cities.pdf|title=Steel cities of India|publisher=Steel Authority of India Limited|year=2012|page= 121}}</ref> The porto novo supplied the tracks for the India’s first railroad "The Red Hill Railroad" laid in 1836.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2018/Apr/16/chennai-the-track-record-1801999.html|title=Track record: India’s first rail road|publisher=The New Indian Express|author=Aishwarya Iyer|year=16 Apr 2018}}</ref><ref name="first"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.irfca.org/docs/history/india-first-railways.html#:~:text=The%20railway%20in%20question%20was,road%20building%20work%20in%20Madras.|title=India's First Railways|author=Simon Darvill|year= December 2011|publisher=The India's Railways Fan Club}}</ref> In 1850s, 500 tons of wrought iron was supplied by the Porto Novo iron works at rupees 60 a
ton for the Construction of railway lines to [[Raniganj|Raneegunge]] in West Bengal.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://swr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1585829556172-Construction%20of%20lines%20to%20Raneegunge%20Final.pdf|title=Construction of experimental line to Raneegunge|publisher=[[South Western Railway zone|South Western Railways]], [[Indian Railways]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1549352864547-Heritage%20Brochure%20Final%2026.11.18.pdf|title=Railways in Asansole: Early days|publisher=[[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railways]], [[Indian Railways]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Allen_s_Indian_Mail_and_Register_of_Inte/grcOAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=porto+novo&pg=PR6&printsec=frontcover|title=Allens Indian Mail and Register of Inteligence|chapter=British and Forign India, China & all parts of East|volume=XII|year=1854|location=London|publisher=William H. Allen|pages=39, 68, 379}}</ref>
==History==
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