Melford Spiro: Difference between revisions

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He was a significant figure in a series of debates over [[cultural relativism]] and postmodern theory among American cultural anthropologists in the 1980s and early 1990s, in which he consistently argued for the importance of the comparative method and the appreciation of universal cultural and psychological processes.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1525/can.1986.1.3.02a00010 |title=Cultural Relativism and the Future of Anthropology |journal=Cultural Anthropology |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=259–286 |year=1986 |last1=Spiro |first1=Melford E. |s2cid=145249843 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1525/eth.1993.21.2.02a00010 |title=Is the Western Conception of the Self 'Peculiar' within the Context of the World Cultures? |journal=Ethos |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=107–153 |year=1993 |last1=Spiro |first1=Melford E. }}</ref>
 
Spiro received his B.A. from the [[University of Minnesota]] in 1942<ref>{{Cite web |title=Melford E. Spiro papers {{!}} Collection {{!}} search=null {{!}} SOVA |url=https://sova.si.edu/record/NAA.2015-04 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=sova.si.edu}}</ref>, where he majored in philosophy,<ref name="D'Andrade 2015">{{cite journal |doi=10.1073/pnas.1500172112 |pmid=25675524 |pmc=4343101 |title=Melford E. Spiro, 1920–2014 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1915–1916 |year=2015 |last1=d'Andrade |first1=Roy G. |bibcode=2015PNAS..112.1915D |doi-access=free }}</ref> following which he studied at the [[Jewish Theological Seminary in New York City]]. Having developed an interest in culture theory, he explored this interest bythrough enrolling in the anthropology department at [[Northwestern University]], where he worked with [[Melville Herskovits]] and [[A. Irving Hallowell]], and received his PhD in 1950. He taught at [[Washington University]] (in St. Louis)]], [[University of Connecticut]], [[University of Washington]], and [[University of Chicago]] before moving In 1968 to the [[University of California, San Diego]] where he was inviteda tofounding foundmember of the anthropology department of anthropology. He received postgraduate training in psychoanalysis at the San Diego Psychoanalytic Center and practiced as a lay analyst,<ref name="D'Andrade 2015"/> additionally overseeing a course series at UCSD that exposed graduate students in anthropology to psychiatric training.
 
Spiro became professor emeritus at UCSD in 1990, but continued teaching for another decade. He was a member of the [[National Academy of Sciences]] and the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]. He served terms as president of the [[American Ethnological Society]] and the [[Society for Psychological Anthropology]] (SPA) and was one of the founders of the SPA's journal, ''Ethos''.