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{{other uses}}
{{
{{use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Infobox German
|type
|image_photo = File:Stadtkirche St. Marien in Meiningen, 2015.jpg
|image_caption = ''Stadtkirche'' (town church)
|image_coa
|coordinates = {{coord|50|33|N|10|25|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|image_plan
|state = Thuringia
|district = Schmalkalden-Meiningen
|elevation
|area =
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 16066042
|postal_code
|area_code
|licence
|website = [https://www.meiningen.de/ www.meiningen.de]
|mayor = Fabian Giesder<ref>[https://wahlen.thueringen.de/datenbank/wahl1/wahl.asp?wahlart=BM&wJahr=0000&zeigeErg=LAND&auswertung=2 Gewählte Bürgermeister - aktuelle Landesübersicht], Freistaat Thüringen
|leader_term =
|party = SPD
}}
'''Meiningen''' ({{IPA
Meiningen is considered the cultural, judicial and financial centre of southern Thuringia and thus hosts the state theatre, justice center, state archives, bank buildings and many museums. It is economically reliant on mechanical engineering, [[high-tech]] industry and tourism. The dialect and language of the inhabitants is [[East Franconian German|East Franconian]].
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===After 1918===
The Duchy was abolished at the end of [[World War I]] in 1918. Meiningen then became the capital of the successor state ''Freistaat Saxony-Meiningen''. From 1920, it was a district town in the newly created state of [[Thuringia]]. {{Interlanguage link
[[File:Justizzentrum-Meiningen5.jpg|thumb|A part of the ''Justizzentrum'' (court house)]]
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===Subdivisions===
Meiningen has
Meiningen abuts the following municipalities: [[Wasungen]], [[Utendorf]], [[Kühndorf]], [[Rohr, Thuringia]], [[Ellingshausen]], [[Obermaßfeld-Grimmenthal]], [[Untermaßfeld
=== Climate ===
The relation to the surrounding mountain ranges of the Rhön mountains and the Thuringian Highland deep and sheltered Werra valley and the dense town buildings provide a regional level, for a mild climate in Meiningen. The following values are averages from 1990 until 2012.<ref>Weather station Meiningen the [[German Weather Service]]</ref> The average annual temperature is {{convert|9.1|C|F}}. Temperature extremes since 1960 at Meiningen have ranged from {{convert|36.1|C|F}} on August 7, 2015, down to {{convert|-18.5|C|F}} on February 12, 2012. The rainfall is 656 millimeters and the sun shines 1,559 hours per year.
{{Weather box
| location = Meiningen (1991–2020 normals)
| metric first =
| single line =
|Jan record high C = 13.7
|Feb record high C = 14.6
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|Dec record low C = -18.9
|year record low C =-20.4
|Jan
|Feb
|Mar
|Apr
|May
|Jun
|Jul
|Aug
|Sep
|Oct
|Nov
|Dec
| year
|Jan mean C = -0.5
|Feb mean C = 0.2
|Mar mean C = 3.8
|Apr mean C = 8.4
|May mean C = 12.5
|Jun mean C = 15.7
|Jul mean C = 17.7
|Aug mean C = 17.3
|Sep mean C = 13.0
|Oct mean C = 8.2
|Nov mean C = 3.5
|Dec mean C = 0.3
|year mean C = 8.3
|Jan low C = -2.9
|Feb low C = -2.8
|Mar low C = 0.0
|Apr low C = 3.5
|May low C = 7.4
|Jun low C = 10.6
|Jul low C = 12.6
|Aug low C = 12.3
|Sep low C = 8.6
|Oct low C = 4.9
|Nov low C = 1.2
|Dec low C = -1.8
| year low C = 4.5
| precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 53.5
|Feb precipitation mm = 39.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 44.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 36.8
|May precipitation mm = 59.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 62.0
|Jul precipitation mm = 73.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 62.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 52.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 51.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 52.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 60.6
| year precipitation mm = 648.3
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 17.2
|Feb precipitation days = 15.1
|Mar precipitation days = 15.1
|Apr precipitation days = 12.3
|May precipitation days = 13.8
|Jun precipitation days = 13.3
|Jul precipitation days = 15.3
|Aug precipitation days = 13.5
|Sep precipitation days = 12.5
|Oct precipitation days = 15.5
|Nov precipitation days = 17.0
|Dec precipitation days = 18.6
|year precipitation days = 179.2
|Jan sun = 44.8
|Feb sun = 73.8
|Mar sun = 122.5
|Apr sun = 173.8
|May sun = 200.9
|Jun sun = 206.5
|Jul sun = 216.7
|Aug sun = 202.9
|Sep sun = 151.9
|Oct sun = 99.0
|Nov sun = 40.8
|Dec sun = 33.0
|year sun = 1571.0
|Jan humidity = 87.8
|Feb humidity = 83.5
|Mar humidity = 77.1
|Apr humidity = 69.2
|May humidity = 70.7
|Jun humidity = 71.0
|Jul humidity = 70.6
|Aug humidity = 71.4
|Sep humidity = 78.5
|Oct humidity = 86.0
|Nov humidity = 90.4
|Dec humidity = 90.5
|unit snow days = 1.0 cm
|Jan snow days = 15.5
|Feb snow days = 14.9
|Mar snow days = 7.2
|Apr snow days = 0.4
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0.2
|Nov snow days = 3.7
|Dec snow days = 10.8
|year snow days =
| source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name=WMO>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231012163151/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Meiningen_10548.csv
| archive-date = 12 October 2023
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Meiningen_10548.csv
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020
| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 12 October 2023}}</ref>
|source 2 = [https://wetterlabs.de/en/climate/meiningen/ Weather and climate in Meiningen]
|}}
==Demographics==
The town has about 25,000 (
==Economy==
=== Agriculture, industry and services ===
Meiningen offers over
Meiningen is a center of electrical engineering and high-tech manufacturing. Numerous companies in that industry (founded here or that have settled here) form a [[business cluster]]. This includes the global high-tech enterprise [[ADVA Optical Networking]] (ADVA AG).
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[[Meiningen Steam Locomotive Works]] is the only plant in Western and Central Europe where steam locomotives can be completely repaired and maintained. it also builds new locomotives and repairs historic passenger coaches, diesel locomotives and other railway vehicles. Other companies provide hardware for doors and windows, tools, ovens, electric goods and radiators. In the food industry, there are a wholesale bakery and a meat plant.
Outside of manufacturing, the local savings bank (''Sparkasse''), municipal services, the theater and museums, the railway company ''Südthüringenbahn'' and health facilities are important in the
Agriculture plays a minor role in Meiningen as the soil is not very fertile. However, the rural districts Herpf and Dreißigacker account for most of the agricultural area (17.6% of the total municipal territory).
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=== Theatre ===
[[File:Staatstheater Meiningen.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|
The ''
=== ''Meininger Hofkapelle'' ===
The [[Meiningen Court Orchestra]] is one of the oldest orchestras in Europe. The now 68-member orchestra is part of the Meininger Theatre and performs, in addition to opera accompaniment, regular symphony concerts and youth concerts. [[Philippe Bach]]
The court orchestra was founded in 1690 by [[Bernhard I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen|Duke Bernhard I.]] In October 1880 the most successful period of the orchestra began and it developed into an elite European orchestra under the direction of [[Hans von Bülow]]. During the von Bülow period, [[Johannes Brahms]] came to Meiningen to collaborate with the court orchestra and to conduct occasionally. Other notable conductors included [[Richard Strauss]] from 1885 to 1886, [[Max Reger]] from 1911 to 1914, and [[Kirill Petrenko]] from 1999 to 2002.
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* The newest art museum, opened in 1999, is the ''Theater Museum'' "Magic World of Scenery" in the former riding school near the palace. It offers an annually changing exhibit of historically important theatre stage backdrops and historical information on the European tours of the Meiningen Court Theatre.<ref name="Baedeker"/>{{rp|197}}
* The ''Meininger Zweiradmuseum'' (MZM) shows all types of two-wheel vehicles produced in the GDR and a variety of police vehicles. This is run by a private club whose members acquire the models and restore them to their original condition.
* [[Meiningen Steam Locomotive Works]]
<gallery>
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=== Castles and palaces ===
* ''[[Schloss Elisabethenburg]]'' palace, built 1682-1692, a [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] castle with three wings and ''Hofkapelle''(castle chapel) and a rotunda. This is the former seat of the Dukes of [[Saxe-Meiningen]]. Today the palace houses museums, the town hall, the concert hall ''Johannes Brahms'', wedding room, the restaurant ''Schloßstuben'', a tower cafe, the town archives and the state archives.<ref name="Baedeker"/>{{rp|198}}It is now a museum of German History.
* ''{{Interlanguage link
* ''Kleines Palais'' (Little Palace), built in 1821.<ref name="Baedeker"/>{{rp|196}} The Little Palace (also known as Princess Palace) is a Neoclassical palace of the Dukes of Saxe-Meiningen. Duke Bernhard II had it built by the architect Johann Andreas Schaubach as his summer palace.
* ''Großes Palais'' (Great Palace), built 1823. The palace was built in Neoclassical style by architect Johann Andreas Schaubach as widow seat for the Duchess [[Princess Louise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg|Luise Eleonore]]. In 1863, it was renovated and expanded in the [[Neo-Renaissance]] style under the direction of architect Otto Hoppe.
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[[File:Wahl2012-Mgn.jpg|thumb|German chancellor [[Angela Merkel]] in Meiningen, 2012]]
Meiningen is the [[district town]] of the ''Kreis [[Schmalkalden-Meiningen]]''. The town functions as a major center of southern Thuringia in a number of ways (justice ([[Landgericht (Germany)|Landgericht Meiningen]], [[Amtsgericht Meiningen]]), state theater, state archives, hospitals).
=== Mayor and town council ===
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===Town twinning===
Meiningen is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
* {{flagicon|GER}} [[Neu-Ulm]] [[File:
* {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Bussy-Saint-Georges]], [[France]], since 2006
* {{flagicon|GER}} [[Obertshausen]] [[File:Wappen Obertshausen.png|15px]], Germany, since 2007
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;Bike
There are several long-distance cycling trails, the first ''Werratal-Radweg'' along the [[Werra]] valley from the [[Thuringian Forest]] to the river [[Weser]]
==Education==
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[[File:Adelaidemgnuk.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Adelheid von Sachsen-Meiningen ([[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen|Queen Adelaide]])]]
[[File:GeorgIISaxe.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Duke Georg II]]
* [[Peretz Bernstein]] (1890–1971), Israeli politician
* [[Matthias Brenner]] (born 1957), actor, director and writer
* [[Fritz Diez]] (1901–1979), actor and producer
* [[Kurt May]] (1896–1992), Lawyer and campaigner against the Nazis
* [[Bernd Meinunger]] (born 1944), lyricist and record producer
* [[Theodor Oberländer]] (1905–1998), German politician
* [[Paul Oestreicher]] (born 1931), Anglican priest and canon emeritus in [[Coventry]]
* Princess [[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen]] (1792–1849), queen consort of the United Kingdom and of Hanover as spouse of [[William IV of the United Kingdom]]
* [[Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]] (1826–1914), "Theatre Duke"
* [[Fritz Schulz-Reichel]] (1912–1990), German jazz and pop pianist
* [[Gunter Sieberth]] (born 1965), oboist
* [[Gustav von Vaerst]] (1894-1975), general
* [[
* [[
=== Notable residents ===
[[File:Hans von buelow.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Hans von Bülow]]
*[[Albert Bassermann]] (1867–1952), actor
*[[
*[[Ludwig Bechstein]] (1801–1860), poet
*[[Bjørn Bjørnson]] (1859–1942), actor and director
*[[Peter Borgelt]] (1927–1994), actor
*[[Johannes Brahms]] (1833–1897), composer, pianist and conductor
*[[Hans von Bülow]] (1830–1894), conductor
*[[
*[[Ellen Franz]] (1839–1923), (as wife of the Duke: Helene Freifrau von Heldburg), pianist and actress
*[[Elīna Garanča]] (born 1976), operatic mezzo-soprano
*[[Elisabeth Grümmer]] (1911–1986), operatic lyric soprano
*[[Josef Kainz]] (1858–1910), actor
*{{Interlanguage link|Carl Kiesewetter|de}} (1854–1895), historian, occultist and theosophist
*[[Karl Korsch]] (1886–1961), Marxist
*{{Interlanguage link|Friedrich Mosengeil|de}} (1773–1839), stenographer
*[[Jean Paul]] (1763–1825), poet
*[[Kirill Petrenko]] (born 1972), conductor
*[[Max Reger]] (1873–1916), composer, pianist and conductor
*[[Friedrich Schiller]] (1759–1805), poet
*[[Adele Sandrock]] (1863–1937), actress
*[[Richard Strauss]] (1864–1949), composer and conductor
*[[
*[[
== References ==
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[[Category:Meiningen| ]]
[[Category:Schmalkalden-Meiningen]]
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