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Bengali–Assamese languages

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The Bengali–Assamese languages (or Assamese–Bengali languages) belong to the Eastern zone of Indo-Aryan languages. They are the following:

Bengali–Assamese
Gauda–Kamarupa
Geographic
distribution		Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal
Linguistic classificationIndo-European
Language codes
Glottologgaud1237  (Gauda–Kamrupa)

Languages

Language Native name Script Number of speakers (in millions) Native region
Bengali বাংলা
Bangla 		Bengali script 261.8[1]   Bangladesh (national and official)
  India (West Bengal) (Jharkhand) (Tripura) (Assam) (Andaman and Nicobar islands)
Assamese অসমীয়া
Oxomiya 		Bengali script 15.3[2]   India (Assam)
Rangpuri রংপুরী
রাজবংশী
কোচ ৰাজবংশী
Rongpuri
Rajbongši
Kʊch rajbongsi 		Bengali script 10.8[3]   Bangladesh (Rangpur Division)
  India (West Bengal and Assam)
    Nepal (Province No. 1)
Chittagonian চাঁটগাঁইয়া
Čąŧgąiya 		Bengali script 13[4]   Bangladesh (Chittagong Division)
  Myanmar (Rakhine State)
Sylheti ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ
ছিলটি
Siloŧi 		Bengali script
Sylheti Nagari script 		11.8[5]   Bangladesh (Sylhet Division)
  India (Assam, Meghalaya, North Tripura)
Rohingya رُاَࣺينڠَ
Ruáingga 		Arabic script
Hanifi script
Latin script 		2.52[6]   Myanmar (Rakhine State)
  Bangladesh (Chittagong Division)
Chakma 𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟
চাকমা
Sangma 		Bengali script
Chakma script 		0.32[7]   Bangladesh (Chittagong Division)
  India (Mizoram and Tripura)
  Myanmar (Rakhine State)
Bishnupriya Manipuri বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী
Bișnupriya Monipuri" 		Bengali script 0.12[8]   India (Assam, Manipur and Tripura)
  Bangladesh (Sylhet Division)
Hajong হাজং
Hazong 		Bengali script
Latin script 		0.06[9]   India (Assam and Meghalaya)
  Bangladesh (Mymensingh Division)
Tanchangya 𑄖𑄧𑄐𑄴𑄌𑄧𑄁𑄉𑄴𑄡
তঞ্চংগ্যা
Toncongya 		Bengali script
Chakma script 		0.02[10]   Bangladesh (Chittagong Hill Tracts)

Language comparison chart

English Assamese Bengali Chakma Chittagonian Hajong Kamata Rohingya Sylheti
beautiful dhunia, xundor* šundor* dol šundor* cúndor*, hásin* šundor*
big daṅor/daṅar, bor boṛo ḍoõr boro, daṅar boro, ákbor*, kobira* boṛo
blood tez, rokto* rôkto*, khun* lo lou lou, hún*, kún* lou, roxto*, kun*
bread ruti (flat), pau*ruti, luf*, bred* pão*ruṭi, ruṭi (flat) fó*ruti fiçá, luthi ruṭi (flat), luf*, bereḍ*
brother bhai (younger), kokai (elder), dada (elder)* bhai, dada, bhaiya* bái bhai bái bái, báiya*
cat mekuri, birali biṛal, beṛal bilai bilai mekur, bilai
dark andhar, endhar ãdhar, ondhokar* ãdár añdár, miyonda andáir
daughter zi, mai, zhia meye, beṭi zíi, maia fua beti futúni, zíi zi, fuṛi
day din, bela din, bêla, dibôš* din din din din
dog kukur kukur, kutta kuñr kutta
door duar*, dorza*, dar dôrja*, duar* duar* duar* duar* dorza*, doroza*
earth bhũi, p(r)ithiwi/p(r)ithibi*, dunia* dunia*, prithibi*, dhora* dunia* duniyai* dunuai*
egg koni, dima ḍim, anḍa, boida* boda* boza*, ḍim dima andha, dhim ḍim, enḍa, boida*
elephant hati hati áti hati áñti, háñtih átti
eye soku, sokhu chokh, chokkhu* sóg suk souk, soku
father deuta*, bap, büpai/bapa, baba*, aba/abba/abu/abbu* abba*, baba*, baap, abbu* baf, ba abbá* abba*, baf, baba*, abbu*, bazi
fear bhoy, ḍor bhôy, ḍor ḍor ḍor ḍor
finger aṅuli aṅgul, onguli* oul ouñl aṅguil
fire zui, aguni* agun*, ogni* ain* ooin* aguin*
fish mas machh mas mas mas mas
food khüabostu*, ahar, khayddo*, khaüni, khana* khabar, khana* hána hána, háñna xani
god bhogowan*, issôr*, deu, khüda* khoda*, ishshôr*, uporwala*, bhogoban* khúda* ila*, rob*, ixor* rob*, xoda*, bógoban*, ishshor*
good bhal bhalo bala, gom bhala bhal gom bála
grass ghah, kher (hay) ghaš, khôṛ (hay) kher ghaṣ kérr ga, gaš
hand hat hat át hat árt át
hand fan bisoni hat-pakha bisoin, bisein bisoin, faxa
head mur, matha, math matha, shir* mata matá mata
heart (emotion) hia, ontor*, koliza/koilza, hidoy* hridôy*, pran*, ôntor*, hiya, dil*, kolob* dil*, fôran* dil* dil*, ontor*
heart (organ) dil, amothu hritpindo* dil*
horse ghüra ghoṛa gúṛa gúñra, gúra guṛa
house ghor ghôr, baṛi, basha gor gor, bari gór, bari, basha
hunger bhük kkhudha*, kkhida*, bhukh bukh búk buk, feṭo(r) buk
language bhaxa*, mat (call), kotha* bhaša*, buli hodá* baša* bhaṣa* zoban*, hodá* basha*, zoban*, mat, buli
laughter hahi haši aši haṣi aši
life ziwon/zibon, ziu (soul), zindegi*, hayat* jibôn, zindegi* zibon zibon zibon, zindegi*, hayat*
moon zün, san(d), sond(r)o* chãd, chondro* sãn san san san(d)
mother ma, ai, mai, ammi/amma* ma, amma*, ammu*, mata* ma maö ma, amma*, mai, ai, ammu*
mouth mukh*, mukh*or bhitor mukh, mukh*er bhitor mukh* muk* muk, muk*ór bíttor
name nam, naü nam nam nam
night rati rat, ratri*, shob* rait rati rait rait
peace xanti*, xokah shanti* šanti* ṣanti* shanti*
place thai, zega/zaga*, than jayga*, ṭhai ṭai, zaega* zega*, zaga*
queen rani rani rani rani rani rani
rest zironi, aram* aram*, bishrom* dom* aram*
river noi, gaṅ, nodi* nôdi*, doriya* hál ɡaṅg, nodi*, doria*
road bat, ali, rasta*, poth* rasta*, shoṛok rasta*, ail, fot*
salt nimokh*, lün, nun lobon*, nun, nimok* nun, lôbôn* nun, lobon*, nimox*
sister bhoni (younger), ba/bai (elder) bon, didi, apa, apu, api boin bóin, afa, afai, afu, api, didimoni
small xoru chhoṭo gura huru, suṭo
son put, pü, putro/putto* chhele, putro*, put fua beṭa fut fut, fua
soul ziu, atma* ãtta*, pran*, ruh* foran*, ru* ru(h), atta*
sun beli, xuruz*, xuydzo* shurjo* beil, šuroz* beil shuruz*, shurzo*
ten doh, dos* dosh doš doṣ dosh
three tini tin tin tin
village gaü gram*, gã gãu gau, geram*
waist kokal, kakal komor* keĩl keñil xomor*
water pani pani, jol fani pani pani, zol faní fani
when ketia kôkhon, kobe hótte könbela kunbela, xobe, kunshomoe*
wind botah/batah, hawa* batash, hawa* ába*, bataš batash
wolf kukurnesia bagh, xial (jackal, fox) nekṛe-bagh, sheyal/shiyal (jackal, fox) neṛi kutta hial (jackal, fox)
woman maiki manuh, tiri*, tirüta, mohila* mohila*, nari* mai fua beṭi saöa beṭi, moíla*
year bosor, son* bochhor, shal*, borsho* bosor bosor bosor, shal*
yes hoy, o, ü̃, mm hễ, ji* ô, ôy óe, i, zi* óe
no nohoy, nai, ühü, na na, nai, nay, noy, nei, non nô, nôy na, nai, nay
yesterday kali, züa-kali (goto*-)kal(-ke) goto* hail, goto* halia (goto*-)xail(-ku)
English Assamese Bengali Chakma Chittagonian Hajong Kamata Rohingya Sylheti

* = borrowed terms (including tatsamas, ardhatatsamas and other borrowings)

Verbs

English Assamese Sylheti Bengali Chakma Chittagonian Kamata Rohingya Hajong
ask xudh-, xudhpus kor- (investigate) zika- jiggaśa kor-, puchh-, jiggesh kor- pũs ɡor-
bite kamur-, kamür mar- xamṛa-, xamor mar- kamoṛ mar- hõr-
blow phu de-, phuk-, phu kor- fu de- phu de-
breathe uxah lo- dom lo- šãš ne-, dom ne-
bring an- an- an-, en- an-
can par- far- par-, per-
catch dhor- dór- dhor-
come ah- a- aś-, eś- a- a- ah-
count gon-, hisap kor-, gonti kor- gon-, hiśab xor- gon-, hišab kor-
cry kand-, kan- xand- kãd- hãd-
cut kat- xaṭ- kaṭ-, keṭ-
do kor- xor- kor- gor- ɡor-
die mor-, dhuka- mor- mor- mor-
dig khand- xor-, xus- khõṛ-, khõc-
drink kha-, pi kha-, pi- xa- kha-, pan kor-
eat kha- xa- kha-, khe- há-
fall por- foṛ- poṛ-
fear bhoy kha-, dora- ḍora- bhoy pa-, ḍora-
fight zũz-, maramari/moramori kor- mara-mari xor-, zogra xor- maramari kor-
float üpoṅ-, bhah- bo- bhaša-
flow bo- bo- bo-
fly ur- uṛ- uṛ- ur- ur-
give de-, di- de-, di- de-, di-
go za-, ɡo-/ge- za-, ɡo-, ɡe- ja-, ɡi- za-, zo- za-, zo-
happen ho- ó- ho- ó-
hear xun- hun- śun- un-
hit mar-, pit-, kila- mar-, kila- mar-
kill mar-, mari pela- mar-, mari fala- mar-, mer-
know zan- zan- jan-
laugh hah- aś- haś-, heś- aś-
learn xik-, xikh- hik- śekh-, śikh- hik-
lie (in bed) baɡor-, kati ho-, bisonat/bisnat por- xait xor-
live thak-, zi(ai) thak-, tik-, basi thak- tax-, zinda ro-, basi tax- thak-, jibito thak- thah-
look sa- sa- dekh- sa-
open khul- kúl- khol- uid-, khúl-
play khel- xél- khel-
pull tan- ṭan- ṭan-, ṭen-
push thel- ṭel- ṭhel-
read porh/poh/por- foṛ- poṛ- foṛ-
run dour-, daur- douṛ- douṛ- dũr-
say ko-, mat-, bul- xo-, mat- bol-, ko- ho- ho-
scratch ãsür- xawza- ãcoṛ de-
see dekh- dex- dekh- sa-
sew xi-, sila-, bo- (weave) śila- śela-
sing ɡa-, gan ga- gan ɡa- ɡa-, ɡe-
sit boh- bo- boś- bo-
sleep xu-, ɡhuma-, tüponi za/mar- hut-, ɡúma- ɡhuma-, śu- ɡhum za-
smell xuṅ- huṅ(ɡ)- śũkh- ũ-
spit thu pela-, pik-, pik pela- tu fala- thu phel-
split phal- bang- bhag kor-
squeeze sep-, hẽs- sif- cap, piṛon
stand thio ho-, thia- uba- dãṛa- thio- tía-
stab khũs-, han-
suck suh-, sup-, xüh-
swell
swim xatũr- hatra- śatar kor-
think bhab-, sinta kor-, sint- bab-, sinta xor- bhab-
throw dolia- iṭa mar-
tie bandh- band- bãdh-, bẽdh-
vomit bomi kor- bomi xor-
walk khüz karh-, bul- aṭ- hãṭ-, hẽṭ- ãd-
want lag-, bisar- laɡ-, sa- ca- sa-
wash dhu- dó- dhö- dú-
wipe mos-, müs- fus-, mus-
English Assamese Sylheti Bengali Chakma Chittagonian Kamata Rohingya Hajong

References

  1. ^ "Bengali". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  2. ^ "Assamese". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  3. ^ "Rangpuri". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  4. ^ "Chittagonian". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  5. ^ "Sylheti". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  6. ^ "Rohingya". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  7. ^ "Chakma". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  8. ^ "Bishnupuriya". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  9. ^ "Hajong". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  10. ^ "Tangchangya". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
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