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Battle of Makariv

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The Battle of Makariv was a military engagement in the town of Makariv in Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. The battle lasted from 27 February 2022 to 25 March 2022, the last day that fighting was reported in Makariv. Shelling of the town continued until 31 March, and the Makariv settlement hromada was fully liberated the next day, on 1 April.

Battle of Makariv
Part of the Kyiv offensive of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Map of the military situation in Kyiv Oblast in mid-March 2022
Date27 February – 25 March 2022
(3 weeks and 5 days)
Location
Makariv, Ukraine
Result

Ukrainian victory

Belligerents
 Russia  Ukraine
Commanders and leaders
Yuri Medvedev (WIA)[1][2] Unknown
Units involved

 Russian Armed Forces

 Armed Forces of Ukraine

Strength
1,200-1,600 troops[6][7]
326 pieces of military equipment, including 41 T-72 tanks[8]		 Unknown
Casualties and losses
Heavy; close to half of the 37th Brigade is killed[2]
(~600-800 dead)[9][10]		 Unknown
200+ civilians killed[11]

Following the liberation of the area, it was discovered that over 200 civilians had been murdered by the Russian occupying forces in the territory of the Makariv settlement hromada. This often included cases of torture, elderly killed and people shot in the head with their hands tied behind their backs.

Battle

On 27 February 2022, Ukrainian civilians informed the Ukrainian Armed Forces that a Russian column of 15 tanks, 25 armoured personnel carriers and 15 Ural-4320 vehicles passed through Makariv. They were organized in three convoys and also carried flamethrowers, missiles, self-propelled artillery and fuel. Ukrainian journalist Andriy Tsaplienko wrote that they were in the direction of Kyiv or Zhytomyr.[12] Fighting started later that day on Makariv. Russian forces attempted to reach Kyiv through the town. According to Ukrinform, Russian forces placed women and children on personal carriers as human shields. At least one Russian tank was destroyed. Part of the Russian column entered the highway connecting Kyiv and Zhytomyr.[13] On the morning of 28 February, a Russian convoy carrying military equipment near Makariv was destroyed by Ukrainian forces.[14] On 2 March, the Ukrainian forces claimed that they had fully taken back Makariv. This would have been done by the 14th Separate Mechanized Brigade and the 95th Air Assault Brigade, which entrenched themselves in Makariv after its liberation.[4]

On 8 March, after heavy fighting in the area around Makariv, a Ukrainian commander supposed that there was still a Russian column nearby that needed to be destroyed. It was spotted by Ukrainian explorers who communicated that they were moving towards the position of a Ukrainian T-64BV tank crewed by senior sergeant Serhiy Vasich and his subordinates, senior soldier Vitaliy Parkhomuk [uk] and soldier Oleh Svynchuk, all of the 14th Separate Mechanized Brigade. Once the Russian forces were within the range of the tank, Vasich gave the order to shoot at them, with a Russian tank being hit. The accompanying Russian vehicles came into fire as a result of several Ukrainian accurate shots, the Russian infantry had to disperse and artillery support was called. Russian soldiers hid on buildings of the town, while Russian vehicles attempted to target the tank. The Ukrainian tank later entered the flank of the Russians and started firing high-explosive fragmentation shells. However, a Russian anti-tank guided missile detonated the munition within the tank, killing Vasich, Parkhomuk and Svynchuk. Ultimately, the crew destroyed six units of Russian war vehicles and contributed to the Ukrainian counteroffensive that kicked the Russians out of Makariv. All three of them were posthumously given the Hero of Ukraine award.[3]

On 9 March, it was reported that there was heavy fighting in the city although it was still held by Ukraine.[15] On 15 March, more Russian attacks on Makariv were repelled.[16] On 17 March, the Ukrainian forces announced that Makariv was liberated from Russian forces and that the Ukrainian flag was now flying in the center of the town. However, the town remained under Russian shelling. On 21 March, the Chief of Police of Kyiv Oblast, Andriy Nebytov, visited Makariv, saying that it was under constant enemy shelling, that there were no people on the streets and that there was a high degree of destruction. On 22 March, the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine said Makariv was fully liberated. However, the next day, the mayor of Makariv, Vadim Tokar, declared that "the [Ukrainian] military doesn't control all of Makariv, only partially", and that "it's 100 percent no-go for civilians to return". He said that Russians controlled 15% of Makariv as of 23 March.[5]

Also on 23 March, Ukrainian journalist Roman Tsimbalyuk reported that colonel Yuri Medvedev, commander of the Russian 37th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade, had been run over with a tank by his own troops as a result of the unit losing nearly half of its men during the battle at Makariv. The date of the incident is unknown, but it had already been reported on 11 March by Ramzan Kadyrov, Head of the Chechen Republic, that Medvedev had been hospitalized. Several Western media reports speculated that Medvedev did not survive the attack. Information about two Russian soldiers killed and another three who were captured was also published.[1][2]

On 25 March, Deputy Chief of Staff of the Command of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Oleksandr Gruzevych, said at a briefing that Makariv was in a "gray zone", with neither Russia nor Ukraine having full control over it.[17] Authorities of the Kyiv Oblast likewise mentioned that intense fighting was still taking place in Makariv on 25 March.[18] On 28 March, major general Mykola Zhyrnov announced that Russian forces had been defeated at the battle in Irpin and that "Makariv also continues to be controlled by our Armed Forces".[19] On the same day, during a counteroffensive by the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the village of Motyzhyn near Makariv was recaptured after being under constant Russian occupation since 27 February. It was reported that the mayor of this village, Olga Sukhenko, and her family had been murdered by Russian occupying forces.[20] Russian shelling of Makariv continued up to 31 March.[21] On 1 April, Russian troops withdrew from the entire territory of the Makariv settlement hromada, and on 2 April, they had fully left the Kyiv Oblast.[22]

Aftermath

The civilians of Makariv suffered attacks and losses as a result of the battle. A video taken by a city security camera showed two elderly civilians in a car, probably trying to flee the city, stopping after seeing a Russian armored vehicle. This vehicle then opened fire on the car, killing both passengers.[23] Another Russian attack on civilians took place on 7 March, when a bread factory was bombarded by airstrikes while around 30 people were there. The bodies of 13 civilians were extracted from the rubble and five people were rescued.[24] If before the battle Makariv had around 15,000 inhabitants, only under 1,000 stayed during the battle.[25]

On 8 April, mayor Tokar said that according to preliminary estimates, the settlement had been destroyed by about 40%, and 132 civilians were found shot by Russian executioners.[26][27] The murder of civilians of Makariv was similar to the Bucha massacre that occurred in the nearby town of Bucha.[28] By late June, it was determined that the real number of civilians killed in Makariv and in the villages part of its hromada (municipality) was over 200. This included elderly, people who had been shot in the head and with their hands tied to the back and corpses with signs of torture. Tokar also mentioned cases of people having been forcibly displaced to Belarus and Russia.[11]

On 10 July, Bridget A. Brink, the United States Ambassador to Ukraine, visited Makariv. She admitted being "deeply moved by the stories of those who suffered from the brutal Russian attacks on Makariv" and expressed pride for the humanitarian aid the United States had sent to the area for its recovery.[29]

References

  1. ^ a b c Российский военный переехал на танке своего командира в отместку за гибель товарищей в боях под Киевом
  2. ^ a b c "Russian troops attack own commanding officer after suffering heavy losses". The Hill. 25 March 2022. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Останній бій екіпажу Героїв". armyinform.com.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 1 July 2022.
  4. ^ a b Українські військові звільнили смт Макарів на Київщині від російських окупантів
  5. ^ a b "In Ukrainian town, reality doesn't match government boasts of victory over Russian forces". The Washington Post. 23 March 2022. Archived from the original on 29 March 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  6. ^ [https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/UkraineReport_February2015_FINAL.pdf Preserving Ukraine’s Independence, Resisting Russian Aggression: What the United States and NATO Must Do]
  7. ^ Российский военный переехал на танке своего командира в отместку за гибель товарищей в боях под Киевом
  8. ^ "Восточный военный округ | ВВО". milkavkaz.net. 19 April 2017. Archived from the original on 19 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
  9. ^ [https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/UkraineReport_February2015_FINAL.pdf Preserving Ukraine’s Independence, Resisting Russian Aggression: What the United States and NATO Must Do]
  10. ^ Российский военный переехал на танке своего командира в отместку за гибель товарищей в боях под Киевом
  11. ^ a b Макарівський голова: «Ми знайшли понад 200 вбитих росіянами людей»
  12. ^ Величезна колона російської техніки проїхала Макарів, суне до Києва – очевидці
  13. ^ У Макарові на Київщині точаться запеклі бої
  14. ^ "Denysenko: Column of Russian military equipment near Makariv, Kyiv region destroyed". Interfax-Ukraine. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  15. ^ "13-й день війни. Обстановка залишається напруженою, точаться жорстокі бої". nv.ua (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  16. ^ "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 15". Critical Threats. Archived from the original on 13 May 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  17. ^ "Макарів на Київщині у "сірій зоні", жодні війська його не контролюють, – заступник начальника штабу Командування Сухопутних військ ЗСУ". espreso.tv (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 27 March 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  18. ^ Київська ОВА: Буча, Ірпінь, Гостомель, Макарів – найзапекліші точки, до Славутича ворог наблизився впритул
  19. ^ З Ірпеня ворога вигнали, Макарів контролюють: Київська ВЦА розповіла про ситуацію в регіоні
  20. ^ "Пенсіонерка з Мотижина допомогла українським військовим знищити близько сотні одиниць техніки росіян: окупанти вбили її" (in Ukrainian). ZMINA. 4 May 2022. Archived from the original on 4 May 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  21. ^ Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 31
  22. ^ Вирви від снарядів і понівечені будівлі. Як виглядає звільнений від окупантів Макарів на Київщині – фоторепортаж НВ
  23. ^ "Russian soldiers accused of firing on civilian vehicles in Ukraine". the Guardian. 8 March 2022. Archived from the original on 16 March 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  24. ^ "At least 13 civilians killed in air strike on Ukrainian bread factory – emergency services". Reuters. 7 March 2022. Archived from the original on 9 March 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  25. ^ Як виглядає звільнений від окупантів Макарів на Київщині
  26. ^ "Макарів на Київщині зруйнований на 40%, росіяни розстріляли 132 людини – селищний голова". Тексти. 8 April 2022. Archived from the original on 23 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  27. ^ "Un responsable ukrainien accuse la Russie d'avoir tué 132 civils à Makariv". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 13 May 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  28. ^ Ukraine discovered a new massacre of Russian troops: 132 bodies with signs of torture were found in Makariv
  29. ^ Посол США відвідала Макарів на Київщині

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