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Over time, the desire not to use too many different systems of measurement allowed the establishment of "value relationships", with other commodities metered and sold by weight measurements such as bulk goods (grains, ores, flax) and smelted metals; so the avoirdupois system gradually became an accepted standard through much of Europe.<ref name=sizes/>
In England, [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]] authorized its use as a standard, and [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]] acted three times to enforce a common standard, thus establishing what became the Imperial system of weights and measures.<ref name=sizes/> Late in the 19th century various governments acted to redefine their base standards on a scientific basis and establish
An alternative system of mass, the [[Troy weight|troy system]], is generally used for precious materials. The modern definition of the avoirdupois pound (1 lb) is exactly {{val|0.45359237|u=}} [[kilogram]]s.<ref name=sizes/><ref name="Standards1959"/>
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