2023–2024 Spanish protests: Difference between revisions

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Line 2: {{use dmy dates\|date=November 2023}} {{Infobox civil conflict \| title = 2023–2024 Spanish protests ~~(2023–2024)~~ \| subtitle = \| partof = [[2023 Spanish government formation]] Line 10: }} \| caption = Demonstration in [[Plaza de Colón]] on 29 October 2023 (top); protest against the amnesty in Calle de Ferraz on 6 November (bottom) \| date = 29 October ~~2023–2024~~2023 – 26 May 2024<br/>({{age in years, months, weeks and days\|month1=10\|day1=29\|year1=2023\|day2=26\|month2=5\|year2=2024}}) \| place = Spain \| coordinates = \| causes = ~~\| causes =~~ * Negotiations to form a new government headed by [[Pedro Sánchez]]'s [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party\|PSOE]]. * Proposed amnesty for Catalan politicians convicted or investigated for events related to the [[2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis]] and the [[2019–2020 Catalan protests]]. * Amnesty for Catalan politicians convicted or investigated for events related to the [[2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis]] and the [[2019–2020 Catalan protests]]. * Economic and political concessions to [[List of active separatist movements in ~~Europe#~~Spain\|pro-independence]] parties.{{refn\|group="note"\|The [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party\|PSOE]] reached investiture agreements with [[Republican Left of Catalonia\|ERC]] and [[Together for Catalonia (2020)\|Junts]], in addition to the [[Galician Nationalist Bloc\|BNG]] and the [[Basque Nationalist Party\|PNV]].}} \| goals = * Resignation of Pedro Sánchez. * Prevent the processing of the amnesty law * Dissolution of parliament and calling of a new general election.▼ * Resignation of Pedro Sánchez ▲* Dissolution of parliament and calling of a new general election. \| methods = Protests, [[Political demonstration\|demonstrations]], [[civil disobedience]], [[civil disorder]] ([[rioting]], vandalism) \| status = Failed<br> * Government of Sánchez invested. * Amnesty law introduced. * New elections not called. \| side1 = '''Protesters''' ---- Line 96 ⟶ 99: }} The '''2023–2024 Spanish protests against Catalan amnesty''' <!--don't introduce ''Noviembre Nacional'' until we reach a consensus. Go to the talk page--> ~~are~~were a series of protests which began in October 2023, resulting from the announced negotiations of then-acting prime minister [[Pedro Sánchez]]'s [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]] (PSOE) with former [[president of the Government of Catalonia]] [[Carles Puigdemont]]'s [[Together for Catalonia (2020)\|Together for Catalonia]] (Junts) party. These negotiations were aimed at forming a governing coalition after the [[2023 Spanish general election]].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=redaccio \|date=2023-11-06 \|title=El PSOE y Junts retoman las negociaciones para investir a Sánchez \|url=https://www.eltriangle.eu/es/2023/11/06/el-psoe-y-junts-retoman-las-negociaciones-para-investir-a-sanchez-con-la-presencia-de-borras/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El Triangle \|language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Díaz \|first=María del Pilar \|date=2023-11-03 \|title=Manifestaciones contra la amnistía en Madrid, Barcelona o Valencia: horario, cuándo y dónde serán \|url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/2023-11-03/actos-contra-amnistia-madrid-barcelona-valencia_3767332/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=elconfidencial.com \|language=es}}</ref> [[Alberto Núñez Feijóo]]'s [[People's Party (Spain)\|People's Party]] (PP), failed to form a government as they could not muster enough support to reach a parliamentary majority. After Feijóo failed in his investiture vote, King [[Felipe VI]] tasked Sánchez with forming a government.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Esteban \|first=Paloma \|date=2023-09-29 \|title=Feijóo pierde la votación definitiva de su investidura y se abre el tiempo de Sánchez \|url=https://www.epe.es/es/politica/20230929/feijoo-pierde-votacion-investidura-congreso-tiempo-pedro-sanchez-92702561 \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=elperiodicodeespana \|language=es}}</ref> The distribution of seats, after the election resulted in Sánchez being required to rely on Junts (with seven seats in Congress at the time) to vote in his favor to be able to form a government.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-07-28 \|title=Sánchez necesita el 'sí' de Junts al perder un escaño en Madrid \|url=https://www.diariodeavila.es/noticia/z30e9d90a-a680-751e-83886442a7d3a1a7/202307/el-pp-roba-un-escano-al-psoe-en-madrid-y-depende-del-si-de-junts \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=Diario de Ávila \|language=spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-07-24 \|title=El PSOE podrá volver a gobernar si convence a Junts: "Vamos a por ello" \|url=https://www.elconfidencialdigital.com/articulo/politica/psoe-podra-volver-gobernar-convence-junts-vamos-ello/20230724005900614002.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=Confidencial Digital \|language=es}}</ref> Junts had not supported him in the formation of previous governments, having voted against him in his July 2019 and January 2020 investiture votes.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2019-07-25 \|title=Sesión de investidura: El Congreso tumba la elección de Pedro Sánchez como presidente del Gobierno con 155 votos en contra y 67 abstenciones \|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2019/07/25/5d399c3efc6c83e04e8b45b5.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=ELMUNDO \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020-01-07 \|title=Resultado de la segunda votación de investidura de Pedro Sánchez \|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20200107/resultado-segunda-votacion-investidura-pedro-sanchez-7797161 \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=elperiodico \|language=es}}</ref> The starting position of Junts and [[Republican Left of Catalonia]] (ERC) in negotiations were the [[amnesty]] of all participants in the [[2017 Catalan independence referendum]], and the possibility of holding [[Catalan independence referendum\|a new referendum]]. [[Societat Civil Catalana\|Catalan Civil Society]] (SCC), a group opposed to Catalan independence, called a demonstration for 8 October, in response to a potential amnesty.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|date=2023-10-08 \|title=Manifestación en Barcelona 8 de octubre {{!}} Miles de personas protestan contra la amnistía en la capital catalana \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-10-08/pactos-para-la-investidura-de-sanchez-y-manifestacion-contra-la-amnistia-en-directo.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref> On 28 October Sánchez discussed the amnesty proposal at a PSOE Federal Committee, as part of government formation negotiations.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Marcos \|first=José \|date=2023-10-28 \|title=Sánchez defiende la amnistía en el comité federal del PSOE por "el interés de España y en defensa de la convivencia entre españoles" \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-10-28/sanchez-defiende-la-amnistia-en-el-comite-federal-del-psoe-por-el-interes-de-espana-y-en-defensa-de-la-convivencia-entre-espanoles.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref><ref name=":8" /> Following the investment of Sanchez's government in the middle of November, the protests against Catalan amnesty began declining by late February, with new protests being called at the end of May days before the law was passed, having failed to achieve their objectives. ~~Following the investment of Sanchez's government in the middle of November, the protests against Catalan amnesty ceased, having failed to achieve their objectives.~~ ==Protests in 2023== Line 116 ⟶ 117: }} The [[People's Party (Spain)\|People's Party]] (PP) called their first protest against a possible amnesty for the [[Catalonia\|Catalan]] pro-independence supporters by Sánchez before [[Alberto Núñez Feijóo]] presented himself for investiture.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web \|last=Junquera \|first=Natalia \|date=2023-09-24 \|title=Feijóo alerta contra la amnistía y pasa por alto su investidura ante 40.000 personas \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-09-24/feijoo-reune-a-40000-personas-en-madrid-contra-la-cacicada-y-la-indignidad-de-la-amnistia.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref> The protest took place in the Plaza de Felipe II in Madrid on the morning of September 24.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Jiménez \|first=Por Beatriz \|date=2023-09-24 \|title=Más de 40.000 personas arropan a Feijóo contra la posible amnistía de Sánchez: "Voy a defender España aunque me cueste la presidencia del Gobierno" \|url=https://www.infobae.com/espana/2023/09/24/el-pp-moviliza-a-mas-de-40000-personas-en-madrid-contra-la-negociacion-de-la-posible-amnistia-de-sanchez/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=~~infobae~~[[Infobae]] \|language=es-ES}}</ref> Feijóo was supported by former presidents [[José María Aznar]] and [[Mariano Rajoy]], as well as by other PP barons such as Almeida and Ayuso.<ref name=":9"/><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6">{{Cite web \|date=2023-09-24 \|title=La Delegación del Gobierno en Madrid cifra en 40.000 los asistentes a la manifestación del PP contra la amnistía \|url=https://www.infobae.com/espana/agencias/2023/09/24/la-delegacion-del-gobierno-en-madrid-cifra-en-40000-los-asistentes-a-la-manifestacion-del-pp-contra-la-amnistia/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=~~infobae~~[[Infobae]] \|language=es-ES}}</ref> A delegation of the government of the Community of Madrid estimated that more than 40,000 people attended the event, while the PP put the number at 60,000. There was no official confirmation of the number who attended.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|last1=Beleña \|first1=Sergio \|last2=Ramos \|first2=Ana Belén \|date=2023-09-24 \|title=Feijóo desborda su acto en Madrid y acusa a Sánchez de promover la "impunidad" del procés \|url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/2023-09-24/barones-pp-feijoo-mitin-amnistia-ayuso-aznar_3741090/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=elconfidencial.com \|language=es}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> The acting vice-president [[Yolanda Díaz]] said about this event that the "proposal of the right wing is to set fire to Catalonia", while the president of the Generalitat of Catalonia, [[Pere Aragonès]], said that the meeting of the PP was "a demonstration of hatred and revenge against Catalonia".<ref>{{Cite web \|last=País \|first=El \|date=2023-09-24 \|title=Negociaciones de investidura: 24 de septiembre {{!}} Feijóo tacha la amnistía de "indignidad" y "cacicada" ante miles de personas en Madrid \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-09-24/ultimas-noticias-de-la-investidura-de-feijoo-y-del-acto-del-pp-contra-la-amnistia-en-directo.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref> Line 125 ⟶ 126: ===29 October=== After the amnesty was announced to be forming part of negotiations to form a Sánchez -led government, a protest organised by a group linked to the Vox party took place in the Plaza de Colón in Madrid. According to government of Madrid sources, 100,000 people attended.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web \|last=País \|first=El \|date=2023-10-29 \|title=Pactos y negociaciones para la investidura de Sánchez, 29 de octubre {{!}} Unas 100.000 personas protestan en Madrid contra la amnistía en una manifestación apoyada por Vox \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-10-29/pactos-y-negociaciones-para-la-investidura-de-sanchez.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=SER \|first=Cadena \|date=2023-10-29 \|title=Unas 100.000 personas claman en Madrid contra la amnistía en una manifestación encabezada por Vox: "Supondría un golpe de Sánchez contra el estado de derecho" \|url=https://cadenaser.com/nacional/2023/10/29/miles-de-personas-claman-en-madrid-contra-la-amnistia-en-una-manifestacion-encabezada-por-vox-supondria-un-golpe-de-sanchez-contra-el-estado-de-derecho-cadena-ser/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=cadena SER \|language=es-ES}}</ref> Feijóo, took part in a protest in [[Málaga]] with the president of [[Andalusia]], [[Juanma Moreno]] of the PP, 11,000 people attended according to ~~the~~ National Police.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Orellana \|first=Jesús Sánchez \|date=2023-10-29 \|title=Feijóo a Sánchez: "De la necesidad virtud... no, no, no... de tú necesidad un problema para todos los españoles" \|url=https://cadenaser.com/andalucia/2023/10/29/feijoo-a-sanchez-de-la-necesidad-virtud-no-no-no-de-tu-necesidad-un-problema-para-todos-los-espanoles-ser-malaga/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=cadena SER \|language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-10-29 \|title=Feijóo avisa de que Sánchez va a arrasar con la "izquierda constitucionalista", "a la que ya no conoce ni la madre que la parió" \|url=https://www.elmundo.es/andalucia/2023/10/29/653e51b3fdddff2a8f8b4578.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=ELMUNDO \|language=es}}</ref> === 3–5 November === [[File:Noviembre Nacional, Madrid, España, 2023.jpg\|left\|thumb\|Ferraz street during the demonstrations]] On 3–5 November, demonstrations were held at the PSOE headquarters in Calle de Ferraz. The PP distanced itself from these protests but the protests were supported by the Vox party. A thousand people were reported to be at the demonstration.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-03 \|title=Pactos y negociaciones para la investidura de Sánchez, 3 de noviembre {{!}} Termina la manifestación ultra que ha reunido a cientos de personas frente a Ferraz \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-11-03/pactos-y-negociaciones-para-la-investidura-de-sanchez-en-directo.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-03 \|title=Manifestación en Ferraz contra los pactos de Pedro Sánchez con el independentismo y la ley de amnistía \|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2023/11/03/65453c7ffc6c83e5308b459a.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=ELMUNDO \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Navarro \|first=Ana Pérez \|date=2023-11-07 \|title=Tres noches de protestas ilegales en Ferraz que molestan al PSOE e incomodan al PP \|url=https://www.infobae.com/espana/2023/11/07/tres-noches-de-protestas-ilegales-en-ferraz-que-molestan-al-psoe-e-incomodan-al-pp/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=~~infobae~~[[Infobae]] \|language=es-ES}}</ref> Although the demonstration had not been communicated to the Government Delegation, the National Police was aware of it.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Noticias de España {{!}} EL MUNDO \|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=ELMUNDO \|language=es}}</ref> [[File:Manifestante con un morrión español durante el Noviembre Nacional, Madrid, 2023.jpg\|thumb\|Demonstrator with a [[Morion (helmet)\|Spanish morion]], a [[Cross of Burgundy]] with the [[double-headed eagle]] and a sign calling for the "direct election of the Head of Government.".]] On 4 November, the former president of the [[Senate of Spain]] [[Esperanza Aguirre]] of the PP called for the amnesty to be put to a national referendum.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Puentes \|first=Ana \|date=2023-11-03 \|title=Centenares de manifestantes protestan contra la amnistía y el pacto de socialistas e independentistas ante la sede del PSOE \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-11-03/centenares-de-manifestantes-protestan-contra-la-amnistia-y-el-pacto-de-socialistas-e-independentistas-ante-la-sede-del-psoe.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web \|last=Lomo \|first=Javier Arias \|date=2023-11-04 \|title=Vuelven a cortar la calle Ferraz por una protesta contra la amnistía frente a la sede del PSOE \|url=https://www.elcorreo.com/politica/vuelven-cortar-calle-ferraz-protesta-amnistia-frente-20231104195644-ntrc.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=El Correo \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-04 \|title=Esperanza Aguirre lidera una nueva manifestación contra la amnistía, corta el tráfico en Ferraz y pide un referéndum al PSOE \|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2023/11/04/65469d4fe9cf4ac4258b457b.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=ELMUNDO \|language=es}}</ref> The same day, PSOE agreed to continue with the agreement with Sumar to form a government and to continue negotiating with the other parliamentary groups.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.psoe.es/actualidad/noticias-actualidad/el-87-de-la-militancia-del-psoe-ratifica-el-acuerdo-para-formar-gobierno-en-espana/ \|title=El 87% de la militancia del PSOE ratifica el acuerdo para formar Gobierno en España \|language=es \|access-date=2023-11-10 \|website=www.psoe.es}}</ref> On 5 November, protests were held in [[Barcelona]], [[Burgos]], [[Córdoba, Spain\|Córdoba]], [[León, Spain\|León]], [[Socuéllamos]], Valencia, [[Vigo]] and [[Villarreal\|Villareal]].<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-05 \|title=Marea de movilizaciones en toda España en contra de las cesiones del Gobierno a los independentistas \|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2023/11/05/6547968be85ece202f8b4576.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=ELMUNDO \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Preparan nuevas protestas ante sedes del PSOE mientras un diario socialista intenta amedrentar a los manifestantes\|url=https://www.outono.net/elentir/2023/11/04/preparan-nuevas-protestas-ante-sedes-del-psoe-mientras-un-diario-socialista-intenta-amedrentar-a-los-manifestantes/ \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=Contando Estrelas \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Santos \|first=Noelia \|date=2023-11-05 \|title=Más de 2.000 manifestantes claman contra la amnistía ante la sede del PSOE de Córdoba \|url=https://www.diariocordoba.com/cordoba-ciudad/2023/11/05/sede-psoe-cordoba-llena-manifestantes-94246216.html \|access-date=2023-11-09 \|website=Diario Córdoba \|language=es}}</ref> ===7 November=== Line 143 ⟶ 144: ===11 November=== Protests continued outside of the PSOE headquarters, with protesters throwing objects at the police. The police responded with rubber bullets and tear gas. When the police began to disperse crowds and arrest protestors, improvised sit-ins began on Marques de Urquijo Street. In total, 9 arrests were made and 3 people were injured.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=~~Infobae~~ \|first=~~Por Newsroom~~ \|date=2023-11-11 \|title=La novena noche de protestas contra el PSOE deja nueve detenidos en Ferraz y una acampada frente al Congreso \|url=https://www.infobae.com/espana/2023/11/11/la-novena-noche-de-protestas-contra-el-psoe-deja-nueve-detenidos-en-ferraz-y-una-acampada-frente-al-congreso/ \|access-date=2023-11-18 \|website=~~infobae~~[[Infobae]] \|language=es-ES}}</ref> ===12 November=== Protests were called for by the PP and Vox and a reported 52 cities held protests, additionally 1,000 people attended a protest outside of the PSOE headquarters ~~was 1,000 people attended~~.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-12 \|title=Décima noche de protestas en Ferraz contra la amnistía \|url=https://www.abc.es/espana/decima-noche-protestas-ferraz-amnistia-20231112204807-vi.html \|access-date=2023-11-18 \|website=Diario ABC \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=SER \|first=Cadena \|date=2023-11-12 \|title=Manifestación contra la amnistía en Madrid este domingo: cortes de tráfico y cierre de líneas de metro \|url=https://cadenaser.com/nacional/2023/11/12/manifestacion-contra-la-amnistia-en-madrid-este-domingo-cortes-de-trafico-y-cierre-de-lineas-de-metro-cadena-ser/ \|access-date=2023-11-18 \|website=cadena SER \|language=es-ES}}</ref> In total, 13 arrests and there were reports of 6 people being injured.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=~~Infobae~~ \|first=~~Por Newsroom~~ \|date=2023-11-12 \|title=La novena noche de protestas en Ferraz se salda con 13 detenidos y seis heridos de carácter leve \|url=https://www.infobae.com/espana/agencias/2023/11/12/la-novena-noche-de-protestas-en-ferraz-se-salda-con-13-detenidos-y-seis-heridos-de-caracter-leve/ \|access-date=2023-11-18 \|website=~~infobae~~[[Infobae]] \|language=es-ES}}</ref> The following table shows the number of participants in the protests by city:<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-12 \|title=Cientos de miles de personas se manifiestan en toda España contra la amnistía: "No callaremos hasta que volvamos a votar. ¿Por qué le tienen miedo a las urnas?" \|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2023/11/12/6550b933e4d4d8741a8b458f.html \|access-date=2023-11-29 \|website=ELMUNDO \|language=es}}</ref> {\| class="wikitable" !Territorios Line 319 ⟶ 320: === 13 November === An estimated 80,000 people gathered in Madrid's [[Puerta del Sol]] square against the amnesty deal, while several ~~other~~thousand ~~thousands~~more gathered in cities across the country. Among the protesters was the PP leadership, including former prime minister [[José María Aznar]], Madrid regional premier [[Isabel Díaz Ayuso]], and Madrid Madrid Mayor [[José Luis Martínez-Almeida\|Jose Luis Martinez-Almeida]].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Martínez \|first=Virginia \|date=13 November 2023 \|title=Hundreds of thousands of Spaniards march against amnesty for Catalan separatists \|url=https://english.elpais.com/spain/2023-11-13/hundreds-of-thousands-of-spaniards-march-against-amnesty-for-catalan-separatists.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231127192410/https://english.elpais.com/spain/2023-11-13/hundreds-of-thousands-of-spaniards-march-against-amnesty-for-catalan-separatists.html \|archive-date=27 November 2023 \|access-date=29 November 2023 \|website=El País}}</ref> Protesters were also present in the vicinity of the PSOE headquarters. Among those on Ferraz Street was Vox President [[Santiago Abascal]], who was accompanied by American journalist and former [[Fox News]] anchor [[Tucker Carlson]].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=CHARTE \|first=MIGUEL \|date=2023-11-14 \|title=¿Quién es Tucker Carlson, el periodista que acompañó a Abascal? \|url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20231114/investidura-pedro-sanchez-amnistia-vox-protestas-tucker-carlson-santiago-abascal/2460844.shtml \|access-date=2023-11-29 \|website=RTVE.es \|language=es}}</ref> In Valencia, protesters were limited to 100 outside the headquarters of the [[Socialist Party of the Valencian Country]] (PPSV), a regional branch of the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party\|PSOE]].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Levante-EMV \|date=2023-11-13 \|title=Nueva protesta ante la sede del PSPV \|url=https://www.levante-emv.com/comunitat-valenciana/2023/11/13/nueva-protesta-sede-pspv-94585541.html \|access-date=2023-11-29 \|website=Levante-EMV \|language=es}}</ref> Solidaridad, a trade union affiliated with Vox, called for a general strike for 24 November.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=González \|first=Miguel \|date=2023-11-13 \|title=Solidaridad, el sindicato de Vox, convoca una huelga general pese a no tener ni el 0,1% de los delegados sindicales \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-11-13/solidaridad-el-sindicato-de-vox-convoca-una-huelga-general-pese-a-no-tener-ni-el-01-de-los-delegados-sindicales.html \|access-date=2023-11-29 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref> The strike was deemed illegal by the Spanish government despite being postulated within the 10-day announcement limit as the nature of the protests ~~were~~was deemed to be strictly political and not related to labor demands, in violation of strike laws.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-14 \|title=Por qué sería ilegal la huelga general de Vox contra la ley de amnistía {{!}} Onda Cero Radio \|url=https://www.ondacero.es/noticias/espana/que-seria-ilegal-huelga-general-vox-ley-amnistia_2023111465534b9c32499c0001b46cff.html \|access-date=2023-11-29 \|website=www.ondacero.es \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-13 \|title=El sindicato de Vox convoca una huelga general (que sería ilegal) el 24 de noviembre contra la ley de amnistía \|url=https://www.lasexta.com/elecciones/generales/sindicato-solidaridad-vinculado-vox-convoca-huelga-general-24-noviembre_202311136551f911f6ca720001199fcb.html \|access-date=2023-11-29 \|website=www.lasexta.com \|language=es}}</ref> ===14 November=== Line 343 ⟶ 344: === 17 November === A reduction in the number of protestors was noted, as only around 1,000 protesters were reported on Ferraz Street in Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-18 \|title=Las protestas en Ferraz menguan en el decimoquinto día \|url=https://www.abc.es/internacional/protestas-ferraz-menguan-decimoquinto-dia-20231118010908-vi.html \|access-date=2023-11-27 \|website=Diario ABC \|language=es}}</ref> The Unidades de Intervención Policial (UIP), a riot police sub-unit of the [[National Police Corps (Spain)\|National Police Corps]], oversaw the protests. Present at the protest were [[Vox (political party)\|Vox]] politicians, including Vice President [[Javier Ortega Smith]] and [[Junta of Castile and León\|Junta de Castilla y León]] Vice President [[Juan García-Gallardo\|Juan García Gallardo]]. According to the Union of Federal Police (UFP), Ortega attempted to coerce the UIP by "directing police to accommodate his own interests", as well as not presenting his credentials as a member of the [[Congress of Deputies]] to the UIP as he had done on ~~November~~ 16 November.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-11-17 \|title=Un sindicato policial lanza un durísimo comunicado contra Ortega Smith \|url=https://www.elplural.com/politica/espana/sindicato-policial-lanza-durisimo-comunicado-contra-ortega-smith_320221102 \|access-date=2023-11-27 \|website=El Plural \|language=es}}</ref> The UFP reneged Ortega for "abusing his condition as a Deputy", as well as making a statement that "these police are the same ones that defended your boss, Mr. [[Santiago Abascal\|Abascal]]".<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rodriguez \|first=Jorge A. \|date=17 November 2023 \|title=Sindicatos policiales cargan contra Ortega-Smith por presionar a los antidisturbios en Ferraz \|work=El Pais \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2023-11-17/sindicatos-policiales-cargan-contra-ortega-smith-por-presionar-a-los-antidisturbios-en-ferraz.html \|url-status=live \|access-date=27 November 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231119143235/https://elpais.com/espana/2023-11-17/sindicatos-policiales-cargan-contra-ortega-smith-por-presionar-a-los-antidisturbios-en-ferraz.html \|archive-date=19 November 2023}}</ref> Ortega responded by stating that he had come with cameras to prevent violence in the protests. Ortega claimed he had information that some units of the UIP used excessive force that would "fall within the Penal Code as an abuse of authority".<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Sáiz-Pardo \|first=Melchor \|date=2023-11-17 \|title=La Policía estalla contra Vox por cuestionar su actuación en las protestas de Ferraz \|url=https://www.elcorreo.com/politica/policia-estalla-vox-apoyo-protestas-ferraz-20231117134158-ntrc.html \|access-date=2023-11-27 \|website=El Correo \|language=es}}</ref> When the protests ended, a cleaning crew was required to clean up large quantities of litter, including alcohol containers and soda bottles.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Fernández \|first=Juan José \|date=2023-11-18 \|title=La protesta en Ferraz deviene en botellón ultra \|url=https://www.lne.es/espana/2023/11/18/protesta-ferraz-deviene-botellon-ultra-94780119.html \|access-date=2023-11-27 \|website=La Nueva España \|language=es}}</ref> === 18 November === Line 351 ⟶ 352: === January === 300 protesters celebrated the new year at [[:es:Calle_de_Ferraz\|Ferraz]], during the act, the protesters hung up and hit a doll of [[Pedro Sánchez]] characterized with [[Nazi symbolism\|Nazi symbols]].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Telemadrid \|date=2024-01-01 \|title=Unas 300 personas toman las uvas en Ferraz en protesta por la amnistía \|url=https://www.telemadrid.es/noticias/nacional/Unas-300-personas-toman-las-uvas-en-Ferraz-en-protesta-por-la-amnistia-0-2629537026--20240101020447.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=Telemadrid \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-01 \|title=Ahorcan y apalean un muñeco de Pedro Sánchez en las campanadas de la ultraderecha frente a la sede del PSOE \|url=https://www.publico.es/politica/ahorcan-apalean-muneco-pedro-sanchez-campanadas-ultraderecha-frente-sede-psoe.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=www.publico.es}}</ref> The protest was recorded by the far-right ''[[YouTuber]]'' Isaac Parejo and the journalist María Durán. The videos were transmitted inby a [[Youtube channel]] ~~in a~~ live.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-02 \|title=Quién es InfoVlogger, el 'presentador' de las campanadas en Ferraz: gay, youtuber y autor del 'Vamos a volver al 36' \|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.es/politica/quien-infovlogger-presentador-campanadas-ferraz-gay-youtuber-autor-vamos-volver-36.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=ElHuffPost \|language=es}}</ref> Every important political party of Spain, including [[People's Party (Spain)\|PP]] and [[Vox (political party)\|Vox]], rejected the act<ref>{{Cite web \|last=García \|first=Manuel Manahén \|date=2024-01-02 \|title=El PP pregunta al PSOE tras la protesta en Ferraz: ¿Qué opinan sobre los insultos a Almeida? \|url=https://www.eldebate.com/espana/madrid/20240102/pp-pregunta-psoe-protesta-ferraz-opinan-sobre-insultos-almeida_164246.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=El Debate \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Liñán \|first=José M. Abad \|date=2024-01-01 \|title=El Gobierno y el PSOE condenan el apaleamiento en Ferraz de un muñeco con la figura de Pedro Sánchez \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2024-01-01/el-gobierno-y-el-psoe-condenan-el-apaleamiento-en-ferraz-de-un-muneco-con-la-figura-de-pedro-sanchez.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Press \|first=Europa \|date=2024-01-03 \|title=Yolanda Díaz no ve delito de odio en el apaleamiento del muñeco de Sánchez pero cree que fue "absolutamente intolerable" \|url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-yolanda-diaz-no-ve-delito-odio-apaleamiento-muneco-sanchez-cree-fue-absolutamente-intolerable-20240103095321.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref> and the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party\|PSOE]] denounced the participants of the protests for hate crimes, and solicited a investigation for find the organizations that financed the act, but before the investigation started, the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party\|PSOE]] detected a [[Vox (political party)\|Vox]] network of influence on the protesters.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-06 \|title=El PSOE señala a una red de satélites de Vox como responsables penales de la piñata de Ferraz \|url=https://www.elespanol.com/reportajes/20240106/psoe-senala-red-satelites-vox-responsables-penales-pinata-ferraz/822667943_0.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=El Español \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=20minutos \|date=2024-01-06 \|title=La denuncia del PSOE vincula a Vox con las protestas en Ferraz y pide investigar irregularidades en su financiación \|url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/5206488/0/psoe-vincula-vox-con-las-protestas-ferraz-pide-investigar-irregularidades-su-financiacion/ \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=www.20minutos.es – Últimas Noticias \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Monrosi \|first=José Enrique \|date=2024-01-02 \|title=El PSOE denunciará la Nochevieja ultra de Ferraz como delito de odio y pide al PP “dejar de alimentar” a sus responsables \|url=https://www.eldiario.es/politica/psoe-denunciara-protesta-ferraz-delito-odio-pide-pp-alimentar-responsables_1_10807045.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=elDiario.es \|language=es}}</ref> During the investigation, the police questioned Antonio Martínez Vázquez as organizer of the protest,<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-02 \|title=La Policía tomará declaración este miércoles al convocante de la protesta en la que se apaleó el muñeco de Sánchez \|url=https://www.publico.es/sociedad/policia-tomara-declaracion-miercoles-convocante-protesta-apaleo-muneco-sanchez.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=www.publico.es}}</ref> but he only declared that he just helped an organization linked to [[Vox (political party)\|Vox]], and he did not know about the beating of the doll.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=SER \|first=Cadena \|date=2024-01-03 \|title=El convocante de la protesta de Nochevieja en Ferraz: "Revuelta me pidió el favor y lo hice" \|url=https://cadenaser.com/nacional/2024/01/03/el-convocante-de-la-protesta-de-nochevieja-en-ferraz-asegura-que-revuelta-me-pidio-el-favor-y-lo-hice-cadena-ser/ \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=cadena SER \|language=es-ES}}</ref> After the investigation, the police removed Antonio Martínez from the "blacklist" and they pointed to Pablo González Gasca, one of the leaders of the protests and [[Vox (political party)\|Vox]] member.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Frías \|first=Carlos \|date=2024-01-03 \|title=Revuelta cambió de organizador oficial para las 'Uvas de Ferraz' para proteger a un miembro de Vox \|url=https://www.elindependiente.com/espana/2024/01/04/revuelta-cambio-de-organizador-oficial-para-las-uvas-de-ferraz-para-proteger-a-un-miembro-de-vox/ \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=El Independiente \|language=es}}</ref> ~~The~~On ~~1st of~~1 January one hundred people tried to calm down the protests with [[mariachi]]s.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Press \|first=Europa \|date=2024-01-01 \|title=Un centenar de personas vuelven a Ferraz para rezar el rosario y protestar contra Pedro Sánchez \|url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-centenar-personas-vuelven-ferraz-rezar-rosario-protestar-contra-pedro-sanchez-20240101212533.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref> ~~The~~On ~~4th of~~4 January, one hundred of protesters headed to the ''[[Palacio de Cibeles]]'', many of them, [[Vox (political party)\|Vox]] supporters. These protesters showed support to [[Javier Ortega Smith\|Ortega Smith]], a Vox member who was expelled from the [[City Council of Madrid]]. The protesters were marching meanwhile shouting "PSOE, PP, la misma mierda es" ("PSOE, PP, are the same shit").<ref name=":12">{{Cite web \|last=Moreno \|first=~~Por~~ Marta \|date=2024-01-04 \|title=Los ‘ultra’ abandonan Ferraz para irse a Cibeles a insultar a Almeida: “PSOE, PP, la misma mierda es” \|url=https://www.infobae.com/espana/2024/01/04/los-ultra-abandonan-ferraz-para-irse-a-cibeles-a-insultar-a-almeida-psoe-pp-la-misma-mierda-es/ \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=~~infobae~~[[Infobae]] \|language=es-ES}}</ref> The next day, the protesters grabbed another doll of [[Pedro Sánchez]] ~~for~~to hit it as they did inon Ferraz ~~the~~on ~~1st of~~1 January.<ref name=":12" /> In 2024 the number of protesters went down and the main newspapers started to ~~make~~give less ~~news~~coverage ~~about~~to the protests.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Press \|first=Europa \|date=2024-01-11 \|title=FAPE, APM y APP aseguran no haber recibido solicitud de amparo del PSOE por la actuación de varios medios en Ferraz \|url=https://www.europapress.es/sociedad/noticia-fape-apm-app-aseguran-no-haber-recibido-solicitud-amparo-psoe-actuacion-varios-medios-ferraz-20240111184935.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-06 \|title=Radicales de extrema derecha vuelven a sacudir en Ferraz a un muñeco de Sánchez \|url=https://www.elplural.com/politica/espana/radicales-extrema-derecha-vuelven-sacudir-ferraz-muneco-sanchez_322553102 \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=El Plural \|language=es}}</ref> These reasons led to twenty protesters meeting on 7 January 7 to decide the strategy to follow, ~~doubting~~with doubts about [[Vox (political party)\|Vox]]'s actions and supporting ~~the~~ Díaz Ayuso's posture.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-09 \|title=Cumbre en el 'chino facha' de participantes en las protestas de Ferraz: "La gente está cabreada, hay que seguir" \|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2024/01/09/659c3f3a21efa0aa4e8b45b9.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=ELMUNDO \|language=es}}</ref> In [[Valencia]], the number of protests dropped so much that Carlos Sanz, a ~~mayor of the~~local PP ~~of Valencia~~mayor, screamed at those who were protesting in front of the [[Socialist Party of the Valencian Country\|PSPV]] headquarters with a "Llevo respetando [a los manifestantes] tres meses, pero sois cuatro gatos y ensuciáis a la derecha española" ("I have been respecting [the protesters] for three months, but you are just four cats and you are making the Spanish right dirty").<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Moreno \|first=Claudio \|date=2024-01-24 \|title=La bronca de un concejal del PP a los manifestantes contra la amnistía: “¡Estáis jodiendo a los vecinos!” \|url=https://www.levante-emv.com/valencia/2024/01/24/bronca-concejal-pp-manifestantes-amnistia-97271869.html \|access-date=2024-02-19 \|website=Levante-EMV \|language=es}}</ref> ~~The~~On ~~January~~10 ~~10th~~January, PP and [[Vox (political party)\|Vox]] each presented an amendment in ~~the~~ congress, and both were rejected.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-10 \|title=El Congreso rechaza las enmiendas a la totalidad del PP y Vox a la ley de amnistía \|url=https://www.eitb.eus/es/noticias/politica/detalle/9395287/el-congreso-rechaza-enmiendas-a-totalidad-del-pp-y-vox-a-ley-de-amnistia/ \|access-date=2024-02-22 \|website=EITB \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-10 \|title=El Congreso rechaza las enmiendas a la totalidad a la ley de amnistía de PP y Vox \|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20240110/9493948/congreso-rechaza-enmiendas-totalidad-ley-amnistia-pp-vox.html \|access-date=2024-02-22 \|website=La Vanguardia \|language=es}}</ref> The leader of the PP organized a protest in Madrid for ~~the~~28 January ~~28th~~, but Vox did not participate.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-11 \|title=Feijóo anuncia una manifestación para el 28 de enero: "Volveremos a la calle, a este país no lo extorsiona nadie" \|url=https://www.antena3.com/noticias/espana/feijoo-anuncia-manifestacion-28-enero-volveremos-calle-este-pais-extorsiona-nadie_20240111659ff645872b820001297596.html \|access-date=2024-02-22 \|website=www.antena3.com \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Muro \|first=Míriam \|date=2024-01-11 \|title=Feijóo anuncia una "ofensiva sin cuartel y sin descanso" y convoca una manifestación el 28 de enero \|url=https://www.libertaddigital.com/espana/2024-01-11/feijoo-anuncia-una-ofensiva-sin-cuartel-y-sin-descanso-y-convoca-una-manifestacion-el-28-de-enero-7086163/ \|access-date=2024-02-22 \|website=Libertad Digital \|language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=EFE \|first=Agencia \|date=2024-01-15 \|title=Vox no acudirá a la manifestación del PP del 28 de enero contra Sánchez y los separatistas \|url=https://www.cope.es/actualidad/espana/noticias/vox-acudira-manifestacion-del-del-enero-contra-sanchez-los-separatistas-20240115_3093016 \|access-date=2024-02-22 \|website=COPE \|language=es}}</ref> 45,000 to 70,000 protesters ~~attended~~gathered in Ferraz and protested with two dolls: one of the president Pedro Sanchez, and the other of [[Carles Puigdemont]].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Montoto \|first=Lara \|date=2024-01-28 \|title=La manifestación contra la amnistía reúne a 45.000 personas, según la Delegación del Gobierno, y a 70.000, según Génova \|url=https://www.newtral.es/manifestacion-amnistia-pp-madrid-plaza-de-espana/20240128/ \|access-date=2024-02-22 \|website=Newtral \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Martínez \|first=Virginia \|date=2024-01-28 \|title=El PP agita la acusación de terrorismo contra la ley de amnistía en una masiva protesta en Madrid \|url=https://elpais.com/espana/2024-01-28/el-pp-agita-la-acusacion-de-terrorismo-contra-la-ley-de-amnistia-en-una-masiva-protesta-en-madrid.html \|access-date=2024-02-22 \|website=El País \|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-01-28 \|title=Varias personas mantean muñecos de Sánchez y Puigdemont en Ferraz: "1, 2, 3, colgado por los pies" \|url=https://www.elespanol.com/espana/20240128/varias-personas-mantean-munecos-sanchez-puigdemont-ferraz-colgado-pies/828417276_0.html \|access-date=2024-02-22 \|website=El Español \|language=es}}</ref> === February === The 26th Court of Madrid began investigating the New Year's Eve events on ~~February~~12 ~~12th~~February.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-02-12 \|title=Un juzgado investiga la protesta de Nochevieja en Ferraz en la que se ahorcó un muñeco de Pedro Sánchez \|url=https://www.publico.es/politica/juzgado-investiga-protesta-nochevieja-ferraz-ahorco-muneco-pedro-sanchez.html \|access-date=2024-02-28 \|website=www.publico.es}}</ref> A day later, the Judicial Ethics Committee, an independent body of the judiciary's governing bodies, endorsed the protests some judges made in November of the previous year against the amnesty,<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Herrera \|first=Elena \|date=2023-11-14 \|title=Los jueces convocan manifestaciones ante los tribunales contra la ley de amnistía y el acuerdo entre el PSOE y Junts \|url=https://www.eldiario.es/politica/jueces-convocan-manifestaciones-tribunales-ley-amnistia-acuerdo-psoe-junts_1_10683138.html \|access-date=2024-02-28 \|website=elDiario.es \|language=es}}</ref> as long as the act is "honest, thoughtful, and sincere conviction" and that the action objected to "could affect the Rule of Law."<ref>{{Cite web \|last=20minutos \|date=2024-02-15 \|title=La Comisión de Ética Judicial avala las protestas de jueces contra la amnistía si creen que afecta al Estado de Derecho \|url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/5218954/0/comision-etica-judicial-avala-las-protestas-jueces-contra-amnistia-si-creen-que-afecta-estado-derecho/ \|access-date=2024-02-28 \|website=www.20minutos.es – Últimas Noticias \|language=es}}</ref> On the 16th, Judge Concepción Jerez closed the investigation into the events surrounding the piñata that simulated Pedro Sánchez because "lack of education is not a crime."<ref>{{Citation \|title=Protestas contra la amnistía en España (2023–2024) \|date=2024-02-23 \|work=Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre \|url=https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Protestas_contra_la_amnist%C3%ADa_en_Espa%C3%B1a_(2023-2024)&oldid=158390065 \|access-date=2024-02-28 \|language=es}}</ref> The PSOE decided to appeal the decision.<ref>{{Citation \|title=Protestas contra la amnistía en España (2023–2024) \|date=2024-02-23 \|work=Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre \|url=https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Protestas_contra_la_amnist%C3%ADa_en_Espa%C3%B1a_(2023-2024)&oldid=158390065 \|access-date=2024-02-28 \|language=es}}</ref> On ~~February~~20 ~~20th~~February, the [[Cortes Generales]] approved a fifteen-day extension for the Justice Committee to issue a report on the amnesty law. Two days later, the opposition leader and president of the PP, Núñez Feijóo, announced another series of protests against the law.<ref>{{Citation \|title=Protestas contra la amnistía en España (2023–2024) \|date=2024-02-23 \|work=Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre \|url=https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Protestas_contra_la_amnist%C3%ADa_en_Espa%C3%B1a_(2023-2024)&oldid=158390065 \|access-date=2024-02-28 \|language=es}}</ref> ==Notes== Line 375 ⟶ 376: [[Category:2023 protests\|Spain]] [[Category:2024 protests\|Spain]] [[Category:October 2023 events in Spain\|Protests]] [[Category:November 2023 events in Spain\|Protests]] [[Category:December 2023 events in Spain\|Protests]] [[Category:January 2024 events in Spain\|Protests]] [[Category:February 2024 events in Spain\|Protests]] [[Category:Protests in Spain]] [[Category:Catalan nationalism]]