The aim of this paper is to analyse the sustainability of fisheries exploitation through taking i... more The aim of this paper is to analyse the sustainability of fisheries exploitation through taking into account both the multidisciplinary and intertemporal dimension of the Basque trawl fisheries. The Rapfish methodology is used for the analysis of the ecological, economic and technological sustainability of the Basque trawl fisheries between 1992 and 2003. In accordance with what has been observed in other Rapfish studies, the analysis shows that the contribution towards sustainability depends on many different attributes. Moreover, given that the results obtained are consistent with what other bioeconomic models predict, the technique is postulated as a complementary tool for defining justifiable policy recommendations and fishery management options.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 1997
International negotations between countries will be needed to reach a Pareto efficient solution f... more International negotations between countries will be needed to reach a Pareto efficient solution for global environmental problems such as the enhanced greenhouse effect. We try to quantify how the potential gains derived from cooperation would be distributed among countries. A weighted sum of all countries welfare functions is used as the global welfare Ž . function and three different cooperative solutions are considered: The First Best FB , the Ž . Ž . Nash Bargaining NB , and the Kalai᎐Smorodinsky KS . The main result obtained from the simulation of the theoretical model is that, although at the world level gains from cooperation are quite similar in all three cooperative solutions, distribution of these gains between countries is very different in the FB solution compared to the NB and the KS solutions. ᮊ 1997 Academic Press
This paper examines the problem of the optimal management of a joint-ownership fishing exploitati... more This paper examines the problem of the optimal management of a joint-ownership fishing exploitation, where agents use different fishing gears. We consider a model in which the fishing activity may affect resource growth, not only through the harvest function but also through the natural growth rate of the resource. This allows us to capture the fact that some fishing gears alter the natural growth rate of the resource. We find that when the natural growth of the resource is altered by the fishing technology, the optimal stock is not independent of how harvest quotas are distribute among the agents. As a result, a fishing policy that firstly determines the optimum stock and, secondly, decides how to distribute the harvest among the different agents, will not be efficient. We also analyze the joint determination of optimal stock and harvest quotas and show that positive harvest quotas will only be optimal when countries are characterized by certain asymmetries.
The present paper analyzes the suitability of weak and strong sustainability assessment in the co... more The present paper analyzes the suitability of weak and strong sustainability assessment in the context of fisheries management. This topic is a mainstream issue in the field of ecological economics, but its application to fisheries is rather unexplored, even though fisheries have been the focus of many pioneering studies related to natural resource management. An overview of the current debate in the topic together with an application of a multi-disciplinary technique designed to assess fisheries sustainability (Rapfish) allows the closing of this gap. This is achieved by looking to the potential trade-offs among the multiple dimensions of fisheries sustainability and by analyzing the role of critical thresholds in such an assessment. The study of the Basque trawl fisheries operating in the North East Atlantic in the period 1996-2005 shows that the utility of weak sustainability is limited to the comparison of sustainability between fisheries. In contrast it is found that it is the strong sustainability concept together with the definition of critical thresholds that provides management with the tools for improved management and policy within a fishery.
In this paper we construct an overlapping generations model with climate−economy interactions, wh... more In this paper we construct an overlapping generations model with climate−economy interactions, where the world is split into two regions. We resort to numerical simulations of the calibrated model to analyze the effect of international cooperation on both the economy and the climate. The results show that, when we consider short−lived governments and international income transfers are allowed, cooperation may lead in the short run to higher environmental degradation than what it would arise in the non−cooperative scenario.
El análisis de los costes y beneficios potenciales derivados del establecimiento de áreas marinas... more El análisis de los costes y beneficios potenciales derivados del establecimiento de áreas marinas protegidas (AMPs) se ve dificultado por la existencia de múltiples interacciones entre factores socioeconómicos, biológicos e institucionales. En este trabajo se analizan dichos costes y beneficios potenciales y se presenta una revisión de la literatura bioeconómica sobre el diseño de las reservas marinas con el objetivo de ayudar a entender las disyuntivas asociadas a estas AMPs. También se presentan las ventajas que podría aportar el estudio de las AMPs mediante modelos basados en agentes.
Global environmental problems such as climate change have both an international and an intertempo... more Global environmental problems such as climate change have both an international and an intertemporal dimension. Recently, some papers have used an overlapping generations framework to analyze the climate change problem taking into account jointly the issues of intergenerational equity and intertemporal efficiency but without considering the international aspect of the problem. In this paper, we extend such approach by considering an overlapping generations model of climate-economy interactions where the world is split into two regions: North and South. We resort to numerical simulations of the calibrated model to analyze the effect of cooperation over economic and climate variables under two different scenarios: long-lived and short-lived governments. The main aim of our analysis is to test numerically whether John and Pecchenino's (1997) theoretical result, which states that international agreements with transfers that lack an intergenerational perspective could actually harm the environment, applies to the problem of climate change or not. Numerical results obtained allow us to conclude that when we consider short lived governments: (1) the lack of cooperation always leads to higher environmental degradation, (2) the higher the welfare weight attached to the North under cooperation, the lower the environmental degradation in the long run, and (3) some cooperative scenarios may lead in the short run to higher environmental degradation than what it would arise in the non cooperative scenario.
Recent empirical research has examined the relationship between certain indicators of environment... more Recent empirical research has examined the relationship between certain indicators of environmental degradation and income, concluding that in some cases an inverted U-shaped relationship, which has been called an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), exists between these variables. Unfortunately, this inverted U-shaped relationship does not hold for greenhouse gas emissions. One explanation of the absence of EKC-like behavior in greenhouse gas emissions is that greenhouse gases are special pollutants that create global, not local, disutility. But the international nature of global warming is not the only reason that prevents de-linking greenhouse gas emissions from economic growth. The intergenerational nature of the negative impact of greenhouse gas emissions may have also been an important factor preventing the implementation of greenhouse gas abatement measures in the past. In this paper we explore the effect that the presence of intergenerational spillovers has on the emissions-income relationship. We use a numerically calibrated overlapping generations model of climate-economy interactions. We conclude that: (1) the intertemporal responsibility of the regulatory agency, (2) the institutional capacity to make intergenerational transfers and (3) the presence of intergenerationally lagged impact of emissions constitute important determinants of the relationship between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the sustainability of fisheries exploitation through taking i... more The aim of this paper is to analyse the sustainability of fisheries exploitation through taking into account both the multidisciplinary and intertemporal dimension of the Basque trawl fisheries. The Rapfish methodology is used for the analysis of the ecological, economic and technological sustainability of the Basque trawl fisheries between 1992 and 2003. In accordance with what has been observed in other Rapfish studies, the analysis shows that the contribution towards sustainability depends on many different attributes. Moreover, given that the results obtained are consistent with what other bioeconomic models predict, the technique is postulated as a complementary tool for defining justifiable policy recommendations and fishery management options.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 1997
International negotations between countries will be needed to reach a Pareto efficient solution f... more International negotations between countries will be needed to reach a Pareto efficient solution for global environmental problems such as the enhanced greenhouse effect. We try to quantify how the potential gains derived from cooperation would be distributed among countries. A weighted sum of all countries welfare functions is used as the global welfare Ž . function and three different cooperative solutions are considered: The First Best FB , the Ž . Ž . Nash Bargaining NB , and the Kalai᎐Smorodinsky KS . The main result obtained from the simulation of the theoretical model is that, although at the world level gains from cooperation are quite similar in all three cooperative solutions, distribution of these gains between countries is very different in the FB solution compared to the NB and the KS solutions. ᮊ 1997 Academic Press
This paper examines the problem of the optimal management of a joint-ownership fishing exploitati... more This paper examines the problem of the optimal management of a joint-ownership fishing exploitation, where agents use different fishing gears. We consider a model in which the fishing activity may affect resource growth, not only through the harvest function but also through the natural growth rate of the resource. This allows us to capture the fact that some fishing gears alter the natural growth rate of the resource. We find that when the natural growth of the resource is altered by the fishing technology, the optimal stock is not independent of how harvest quotas are distribute among the agents. As a result, a fishing policy that firstly determines the optimum stock and, secondly, decides how to distribute the harvest among the different agents, will not be efficient. We also analyze the joint determination of optimal stock and harvest quotas and show that positive harvest quotas will only be optimal when countries are characterized by certain asymmetries.
The present paper analyzes the suitability of weak and strong sustainability assessment in the co... more The present paper analyzes the suitability of weak and strong sustainability assessment in the context of fisheries management. This topic is a mainstream issue in the field of ecological economics, but its application to fisheries is rather unexplored, even though fisheries have been the focus of many pioneering studies related to natural resource management. An overview of the current debate in the topic together with an application of a multi-disciplinary technique designed to assess fisheries sustainability (Rapfish) allows the closing of this gap. This is achieved by looking to the potential trade-offs among the multiple dimensions of fisheries sustainability and by analyzing the role of critical thresholds in such an assessment. The study of the Basque trawl fisheries operating in the North East Atlantic in the period 1996-2005 shows that the utility of weak sustainability is limited to the comparison of sustainability between fisheries. In contrast it is found that it is the strong sustainability concept together with the definition of critical thresholds that provides management with the tools for improved management and policy within a fishery.
In this paper we construct an overlapping generations model with climate−economy interactions, wh... more In this paper we construct an overlapping generations model with climate−economy interactions, where the world is split into two regions. We resort to numerical simulations of the calibrated model to analyze the effect of international cooperation on both the economy and the climate. The results show that, when we consider short−lived governments and international income transfers are allowed, cooperation may lead in the short run to higher environmental degradation than what it would arise in the non−cooperative scenario.
El análisis de los costes y beneficios potenciales derivados del establecimiento de áreas marinas... more El análisis de los costes y beneficios potenciales derivados del establecimiento de áreas marinas protegidas (AMPs) se ve dificultado por la existencia de múltiples interacciones entre factores socioeconómicos, biológicos e institucionales. En este trabajo se analizan dichos costes y beneficios potenciales y se presenta una revisión de la literatura bioeconómica sobre el diseño de las reservas marinas con el objetivo de ayudar a entender las disyuntivas asociadas a estas AMPs. También se presentan las ventajas que podría aportar el estudio de las AMPs mediante modelos basados en agentes.
Global environmental problems such as climate change have both an international and an intertempo... more Global environmental problems such as climate change have both an international and an intertemporal dimension. Recently, some papers have used an overlapping generations framework to analyze the climate change problem taking into account jointly the issues of intergenerational equity and intertemporal efficiency but without considering the international aspect of the problem. In this paper, we extend such approach by considering an overlapping generations model of climate-economy interactions where the world is split into two regions: North and South. We resort to numerical simulations of the calibrated model to analyze the effect of cooperation over economic and climate variables under two different scenarios: long-lived and short-lived governments. The main aim of our analysis is to test numerically whether John and Pecchenino's (1997) theoretical result, which states that international agreements with transfers that lack an intergenerational perspective could actually harm the environment, applies to the problem of climate change or not. Numerical results obtained allow us to conclude that when we consider short lived governments: (1) the lack of cooperation always leads to higher environmental degradation, (2) the higher the welfare weight attached to the North under cooperation, the lower the environmental degradation in the long run, and (3) some cooperative scenarios may lead in the short run to higher environmental degradation than what it would arise in the non cooperative scenario.
Recent empirical research has examined the relationship between certain indicators of environment... more Recent empirical research has examined the relationship between certain indicators of environmental degradation and income, concluding that in some cases an inverted U-shaped relationship, which has been called an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), exists between these variables. Unfortunately, this inverted U-shaped relationship does not hold for greenhouse gas emissions. One explanation of the absence of EKC-like behavior in greenhouse gas emissions is that greenhouse gases are special pollutants that create global, not local, disutility. But the international nature of global warming is not the only reason that prevents de-linking greenhouse gas emissions from economic growth. The intergenerational nature of the negative impact of greenhouse gas emissions may have also been an important factor preventing the implementation of greenhouse gas abatement measures in the past. In this paper we explore the effect that the presence of intergenerational spillovers has on the emissions-income relationship. We use a numerically calibrated overlapping generations model of climate-economy interactions. We conclude that: (1) the intertemporal responsibility of the regulatory agency, (2) the institutional capacity to make intergenerational transfers and (3) the presence of intergenerationally lagged impact of emissions constitute important determinants of the relationship between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions.
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Papers by Marta Escapa