The effect of temperature cycling between 5C and 23C on the solid fat content, polymorphic form, ... more The effect of temperature cycling between 5C and 23C on the solid fat content, polymorphic form, crystal size and textural properties of margarine fats was investigated. Temperature cycling resulted in a signijicant reduction of the solid fat content andjrmness of the margarine fats. A transformation to the P crystal form was accompanied by an increase in the size of the fat crystals. Temperature cycling was detrimental to the quality of the margarine fats by increasing crystal size and formation of p crystals.
This report presents the comparison philosophy, methodology, analysis and the results of the desi... more This report presents the comparison philosophy, methodology, analysis and the results of the designed CCM.D-K4 key comparison that covered the calibration of high resolution hydrometers for liquid and alcoholometers in the density range 600 kg/m3 to 2000 kg/m3 at the temperature of 20°C. The main purpose of this comparison was not only to evaluate the degree of equivalence in the calibration of high accuracy hydrometers between NMI participants, but also to link, were it is possible, the results of previous comparisons to Key Comparison Reference Values (KCRVs) of CCM.D-K4. Eleven NMI laboratories took part in the CCM.D-K4 divided in two groups (petals). With the CCM.D-K4 purpose, two similar sets consisting of three hydrometers for liquid density determinations and an alcoholometer were circulated to the NMI participants as a travelling standard in the time interval from January 2011 to April 2012. Twelve Key Comparison Reference Values (KCRVs) for each petal have been obtained at ...
TiB2/TiN double-layer coatings were prepared by ion-beam-enhanced deposition. Auger electron spec... more TiB2/TiN double-layer coatings were prepared by ion-beam-enhanced deposition. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) were employed to characterize the TiB2 layer. The microhardness of the coatings was evaluated by an ultralow-load microhardness indenter system, and the tribological behaviour was examined by a ball-on-disc tribology wear tester. In a single titanium diboride
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjia.v0i17.84 Mongolian Journal of International Affairs, No.17 20... more DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjia.v0i17.84 Mongolian Journal of International Affairs, No.17 2012: 81-84
This report summarizes the results of a regional key comparison (APMP-IC-2-97) under the aegis of... more This report summarizes the results of a regional key comparison (APMP-IC-2-97) under the aegis of Asia Pacific Metrology Program (APMP) for pressure measurements in gas media and in gauge mode from 20 kPa to 105 kPa. The transfer standard was a pressure-balance with a piston-cylinder assembly with nominal effective area 335.7 mm2 (TL-391) and was supplied by the National Metrology
This report presents the results of a key comparison of liquid volume measurement conducted betwe... more This report presents the results of a key comparison of liquid volume measurement conducted between ten participating institutes during the period July 2006 to August 2008 within the framework of the Asia Pacifica Metrology Program (APMP). The transfer standards comprised one 20 ...
This report summarizes the results of a regional key comparison (APMP-IC-2-97) under the aegis of... more This report summarizes the results of a regional key comparison (APMP-IC-2-97) under the aegis of the Asia Pacific Metrology Program (APMP) for pressure measurements in gas media and in gauge mode from 0.4 MPa to 4.0 MPa. The transfer standard was a pressure-balance with a piston-cylinder assembly with nominal effective area 8.4 mm2 (V-407) and was supplied by the National
A key comparison was performed in order to compare national measurement systems to determine volu... more A key comparison was performed in order to compare national measurement systems to determine volume of liquids, particularly at fixed volumes of 20 L and 100 mL. The participants were CENAM (Mexico), NIST (United States of America), NRC/MC (Canada), SP (Sweden), PTB (Germany), INRIM (former IMGC, Italy), NMIA (Australia) and INMETRO (Brazil). CENAM acted as pilot laboratory. The measurements were
This report gives the results of the APMP.M.F-K4.b key comparison in 2 MN force range. This regio... more This report gives the results of the APMP.M.F-K4.b key comparison in 2 MN force range. This regional key comparison was conducted under the Asia Pacific Metrology Program (APMP) to establish a link to the global CCM.F-K4.b key comparison.Seven institutes participated in this key comparison. The National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ/AIST) served as the pilot institute. The Korea Research Institute
Briefly outlines the six sigma methodology and shows how it might be adopted as a model that can ... more Briefly outlines the six sigma methodology and shows how it might be adopted as a model that can enable “adult learners” to engage in “lifelong” learning within their organizations and within their personal lives.
A variety of alkylidenecyclopropanone acetals possessing a terminal diylophile were allowed to un... more A variety of alkylidenecyclopropanone acetals possessing a terminal diylophile were allowed to undergo an intramolecular [3 + 2]cycloaddition via a dipolar trimethylenemethane to obtain bicyclo[4.3.0] and [3.3.0] carbo-and heterocycles in good yields. The product selectivities were rigorously controlled by the concerted or stepwise nature of the cycloaddition reaction.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007
Nanoparticles larger than the reported mesh-pore size range (10–200 nm) in mucus have been though... more Nanoparticles larger than the reported mesh-pore size range (10–200 nm) in mucus have been thought to be much too large to undergo rapid diffusional transport through mucus barriers. However, large nanoparticles are preferred for higher drug encapsulation efficiency and the ability to provide sustained delivery of a wider array of drugs. We used high-speed multiple-particle tracking to quantify transport rates of individual polymeric particles of various sizes and surface chemistries in samples of fresh human cervicovaginal mucus. Both the mucin concentration and viscoelastic properties of these cervicovaginal samples are similar to those in many other human mucus secretions. Unexpectedly, we found that large nanoparticles, 500 and 200 nm in diameter, if coated with polyethylene glycol, diffused through mucus with an effective diffusion coefficient ( D eff ) only 4- and 6-fold lower than that for the same particles in water (at time scale τ = 1 s). In contrast, for smaller but other...
The Earth An Intimate History. by Richard Fortey. HarperCollins, London, 2004. 511 pp. £25. ISBN ... more The Earth An Intimate History. by Richard Fortey. HarperCollins, London, 2004. 511 pp. £25. ISBN 0-00-257011-4. Forthcoming from Knopf, ISBN 0-375-40626-3. The author uses visits to particular places (including Newfoundland, the San Andreas fault, Hawaii, Oman, and the Alps) as a framework for discussing plate tectonics and its effects on Earth's history.
Program Synthesis is the mapping of a specification of what a computer program is supposed to do,... more Program Synthesis is the mapping of a specification of what a computer program is supposed to do, into a computer program that does what the specification says to do. This is equivalent to constructing any computer program and a sound proof that it meets the given specification. We axiomatically prove statements of the form: program PROG meets specification SPEC. We derive 7 axioms from the definition of the PHP programming language in which the programs are to be written. For each primitive function or process described, we write a program that uses only that feature (function or process), and we have an axiom that this program meets the specification described. Generic ways to alter or combine programs, that meet known specifications, into new programs that meet known specifications, are our 7 rules of inference. To efficiently prove statements that some program meets a given specification, we work backwards from the specification. We apply the inverses of the rules to the specifi...
The effect of temperature cycling between 5C and 23C on the solid fat content, polymorphic form, ... more The effect of temperature cycling between 5C and 23C on the solid fat content, polymorphic form, crystal size and textural properties of margarine fats was investigated. Temperature cycling resulted in a signijicant reduction of the solid fat content andjrmness of the margarine fats. A transformation to the P crystal form was accompanied by an increase in the size of the fat crystals. Temperature cycling was detrimental to the quality of the margarine fats by increasing crystal size and formation of p crystals.
This report presents the comparison philosophy, methodology, analysis and the results of the desi... more This report presents the comparison philosophy, methodology, analysis and the results of the designed CCM.D-K4 key comparison that covered the calibration of high resolution hydrometers for liquid and alcoholometers in the density range 600 kg/m3 to 2000 kg/m3 at the temperature of 20°C. The main purpose of this comparison was not only to evaluate the degree of equivalence in the calibration of high accuracy hydrometers between NMI participants, but also to link, were it is possible, the results of previous comparisons to Key Comparison Reference Values (KCRVs) of CCM.D-K4. Eleven NMI laboratories took part in the CCM.D-K4 divided in two groups (petals). With the CCM.D-K4 purpose, two similar sets consisting of three hydrometers for liquid density determinations and an alcoholometer were circulated to the NMI participants as a travelling standard in the time interval from January 2011 to April 2012. Twelve Key Comparison Reference Values (KCRVs) for each petal have been obtained at ...
TiB2/TiN double-layer coatings were prepared by ion-beam-enhanced deposition. Auger electron spec... more TiB2/TiN double-layer coatings were prepared by ion-beam-enhanced deposition. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) were employed to characterize the TiB2 layer. The microhardness of the coatings was evaluated by an ultralow-load microhardness indenter system, and the tribological behaviour was examined by a ball-on-disc tribology wear tester. In a single titanium diboride
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjia.v0i17.84 Mongolian Journal of International Affairs, No.17 20... more DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjia.v0i17.84 Mongolian Journal of International Affairs, No.17 2012: 81-84
This report summarizes the results of a regional key comparison (APMP-IC-2-97) under the aegis of... more This report summarizes the results of a regional key comparison (APMP-IC-2-97) under the aegis of Asia Pacific Metrology Program (APMP) for pressure measurements in gas media and in gauge mode from 20 kPa to 105 kPa. The transfer standard was a pressure-balance with a piston-cylinder assembly with nominal effective area 335.7 mm2 (TL-391) and was supplied by the National Metrology
This report presents the results of a key comparison of liquid volume measurement conducted betwe... more This report presents the results of a key comparison of liquid volume measurement conducted between ten participating institutes during the period July 2006 to August 2008 within the framework of the Asia Pacifica Metrology Program (APMP). The transfer standards comprised one 20 ...
This report summarizes the results of a regional key comparison (APMP-IC-2-97) under the aegis of... more This report summarizes the results of a regional key comparison (APMP-IC-2-97) under the aegis of the Asia Pacific Metrology Program (APMP) for pressure measurements in gas media and in gauge mode from 0.4 MPa to 4.0 MPa. The transfer standard was a pressure-balance with a piston-cylinder assembly with nominal effective area 8.4 mm2 (V-407) and was supplied by the National
A key comparison was performed in order to compare national measurement systems to determine volu... more A key comparison was performed in order to compare national measurement systems to determine volume of liquids, particularly at fixed volumes of 20 L and 100 mL. The participants were CENAM (Mexico), NIST (United States of America), NRC/MC (Canada), SP (Sweden), PTB (Germany), INRIM (former IMGC, Italy), NMIA (Australia) and INMETRO (Brazil). CENAM acted as pilot laboratory. The measurements were
This report gives the results of the APMP.M.F-K4.b key comparison in 2 MN force range. This regio... more This report gives the results of the APMP.M.F-K4.b key comparison in 2 MN force range. This regional key comparison was conducted under the Asia Pacific Metrology Program (APMP) to establish a link to the global CCM.F-K4.b key comparison.Seven institutes participated in this key comparison. The National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ/AIST) served as the pilot institute. The Korea Research Institute
Briefly outlines the six sigma methodology and shows how it might be adopted as a model that can ... more Briefly outlines the six sigma methodology and shows how it might be adopted as a model that can enable “adult learners” to engage in “lifelong” learning within their organizations and within their personal lives.
A variety of alkylidenecyclopropanone acetals possessing a terminal diylophile were allowed to un... more A variety of alkylidenecyclopropanone acetals possessing a terminal diylophile were allowed to undergo an intramolecular [3 + 2]cycloaddition via a dipolar trimethylenemethane to obtain bicyclo[4.3.0] and [3.3.0] carbo-and heterocycles in good yields. The product selectivities were rigorously controlled by the concerted or stepwise nature of the cycloaddition reaction.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007
Nanoparticles larger than the reported mesh-pore size range (10–200 nm) in mucus have been though... more Nanoparticles larger than the reported mesh-pore size range (10–200 nm) in mucus have been thought to be much too large to undergo rapid diffusional transport through mucus barriers. However, large nanoparticles are preferred for higher drug encapsulation efficiency and the ability to provide sustained delivery of a wider array of drugs. We used high-speed multiple-particle tracking to quantify transport rates of individual polymeric particles of various sizes and surface chemistries in samples of fresh human cervicovaginal mucus. Both the mucin concentration and viscoelastic properties of these cervicovaginal samples are similar to those in many other human mucus secretions. Unexpectedly, we found that large nanoparticles, 500 and 200 nm in diameter, if coated with polyethylene glycol, diffused through mucus with an effective diffusion coefficient ( D eff ) only 4- and 6-fold lower than that for the same particles in water (at time scale τ = 1 s). In contrast, for smaller but other...
The Earth An Intimate History. by Richard Fortey. HarperCollins, London, 2004. 511 pp. £25. ISBN ... more The Earth An Intimate History. by Richard Fortey. HarperCollins, London, 2004. 511 pp. £25. ISBN 0-00-257011-4. Forthcoming from Knopf, ISBN 0-375-40626-3. The author uses visits to particular places (including Newfoundland, the San Andreas fault, Hawaii, Oman, and the Alps) as a framework for discussing plate tectonics and its effects on Earth's history.
Program Synthesis is the mapping of a specification of what a computer program is supposed to do,... more Program Synthesis is the mapping of a specification of what a computer program is supposed to do, into a computer program that does what the specification says to do. This is equivalent to constructing any computer program and a sound proof that it meets the given specification. We axiomatically prove statements of the form: program PROG meets specification SPEC. We derive 7 axioms from the definition of the PHP programming language in which the programs are to be written. For each primitive function or process described, we write a program that uses only that feature (function or process), and we have an axiom that this program meets the specification described. Generic ways to alter or combine programs, that meet known specifications, into new programs that meet known specifications, are our 7 rules of inference. To efficiently prove statements that some program meets a given specification, we work backwards from the specification. We apply the inverses of the rules to the specifi...
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