Papers by Sandra Stinnett
Selective laser trabeculoplasty reduces mean IOP and IOP variation in normal tension glaucoma pat... more Selective laser trabeculoplasty reduces mean IOP and IOP variation in normal tension glaucoma patients
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Nov 20, 2013
American Journal of Ophthalmology, Dec 1, 2006
To review bacterial culture results in infectious keratitis at a tertiary referral center. Retros... more To review bacterial culture results in infectious keratitis at a tertiary referral center. Retrospective case series. Analysis of Gram stain, bacterial culture, and targeted antibiotic sensitivities of all cases of presumed infectious keratitis at Duke University Eye Center from 1997 to 2004 (n = 453). Cultures were positive in 307 cases (68%); 21% demonstrated polymicrobial growth. Among 388 isolates, 81% were Gram-positive. Gram stain results were available in 334 cases, demonstrating 18% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Antibiotic sensitivities revealed 24% resistance of tested S. aureus isolates to cefazolin, and <5% resistance of tested gram-negative isolates to various antibiotics, with no statistically significant increase from 1997 to 2004. In this study, the microbial profile has remained stable from 1997 to 2004. Gram stain studies were of poor sensitivity, while culture yields were significantly higher and demonstrated a relatively high polymicrobial infection rate. Increasing antibiotic resistance was not clearly demonstrated.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, May 1, 2006
To determine if ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) as measured by dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) is re... more To determine if ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) as measured by dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) is related to severity of glaucoma, and if intraocular pressure (IOP) as measured by DCT is related to central corneal thickness (CCT). Patients were selected from the Duke Eye Center glaucoma clinic. Fifty-five eyes of 32 patients were included; right and left eyes were analyzed separately. CCT, OPA, DCT IOP, Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), Tonopen applanation tonometry (TAT), and systemic blood pressure were measured. Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study score and mean deviation of visual field, and vertical and horizontal cup-disc ratios were recorded in a masked manner. Descriptive statistics were obtained, and OPA, DCT IOP, GAT, and TAT underwent univariate analyses to assess for relationships with predictor variables. OPA, DCT IOP, GAT, and TAT were positively associated with CCT and with having no surgical intervention for right and left eyes, and were negatively associated with vertical and horizontal cup-disc ratios. Increased OPA seems to correlate with less severe glaucoma and with increased CCT. DCT IOP seems to be affected by CCT along with GAT and TAT.
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci, 2001
American Journal of Roentgenology, Dec 1, 2010
OBJECTIVE-The purpose of our study was to correlate decrease in apparent diffusion coefficient (A... more OBJECTIVE-The purpose of our study was to correlate decrease in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and increase in fractional anisotropy (FA) in various white matter (WM) regions using diffusion tenor imaging (DTI) within the first year of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS-We performed DTI on 53 infants and measured FA and ADC within 10 WM regions important in brain development. For each region, we calculated the slope of ADC as a function of FA, the correlation coefficient (r) and correlation of determination (r 2). We performed a group analysis of r values and r 2 values for six WM regions primarily composed of crossing fibers and four regions primarily having parallel fibers. Upon finding that a strong correlation of FA with age existed, we adjusted for age and calculated partial correlation coefficients. RESULTS-Slopes of FA versus ADC ranged from −1.00711 to −1.67592 (p < 0.05); r values ranged from −0.81 to −0.50 and r 2 values from 0.25 to 0.66. The four greatest r 2 values were within WM regions having large numbers of crossing fibers and the three lowest r 2 values were in regions having predominantly parallel fibers. After adjusting for age, slopes ranged from −1.08095 to 0.09612 (p < 0.05 in five cases); partial correlation coefficients ranged from −0.49 to 0.03 and r 2 values from 0.31 to 0.79. The highest partial correlation coefficients were then relatively equally distributed between the two types of WM regions. CONCLUSION-In various regions, FA and ADC evolved with differing degrees of correlation. We found a strong influence of age on the relationship between FA and ADC.
Encyclopedia of Biostatistics, Feb 15, 2005
... The undergraduates perform support services including data entry, word processing, and basic ... more ... The undergraduates perform support services including data entry, word processing, and basic ... are attitudes that are most helpful in establishing good client–biostatistician relationships ... Therefore, while a basic technical knowledge is necessary and presumed for consulting, the ...
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Aug 1, 2019
Central foveal thickness (CFT) measurements from optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans provide... more Central foveal thickness (CFT) measurements from optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans provide a precise measure of severity of pathologic changes in the fovea, progress of disease and response to treatment. Although these measures are additionally valuable to assess foveal development in infants, their reproducibility is not known. The goal of this retrospective study is to evaluate the variation and reproducibility of CFT measurements using handheld spectral-domain OCT (hh-SDOCT) in supine infants compared to conventional adult tabletop imaging.
American Journal of Ophthalmology, Jul 1, 2008
To report the efficacy of treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with in... more To report the efficacy of treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA) when administered in a series of three monthly injections followed by a period of observation. Retrospective case series. Retrospective review of consecutive eyes with all choroidal neovascular lesion subtypes resulting from neovascular AMD treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. Treatment consisted of a pars plana injection of 1.25 mg Avastin (0.05 ml bevacizumab at a concentration of 25 mg/ml). Evaluation consisted of a complete ophthalmologic examination, including best-corrected visual acuity (VA) measurement, ophthalmoscopy, and optical coherence tomography. Eyes received a series of three monthly injections followed by a three-month period of observation. A total of 36 patients (37 eyes) received a series of three consecutive monthly intravitreal injections of bevacizumab. Twenty (54%) of 37 eyes had no previous treatments for neovascular AMD in the eye that received bevacizumab. Seventeen (46%) of 37 eyes had received some previous treatment before initiation of bevacizumab therapy. Intravitreal Avastin therapy produced an improvement in foveal thickness over time in eyes with neovascular AMD. This improvement was sustained during the series of three monthly injections. All eyes experienced worsening after three months without treatment. No statistically significant effect on VA was demonstrated in this series. Intravitreal bevacizumab therapy produced an improvement in foveal thickness over time in eyes with neovascular AMD when one injection was given each month for three consecutive months. All eyes experienced increased foveal thickening during the subsequent three months without treatment.
Ocular Surface, Oct 1, 2020
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Retina-the Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases, May 1, 2019
In this study, we hypothesized that thickening along the major arcade vessels is a noninvasive ma... more In this study, we hypothesized that thickening along the major arcade vessels is a noninvasive marker of inflammation in eyes with birdshot retinochoroiditis (BRC). Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, patients with BRC were identified. Perivascular thickening was categorized as mild, moderate, or severe, based on a set of standard reference retinal thickness maps derived from representative spectral domain optical coherence tomography volume scans. The assigned perivascular severity thickness category was then compared with other inflammatory markers and optical coherence tomography measurements. These parameters were also examined in eyes with intermediate uveitis to assess the diagnostic specificity of perivascular thickening. Results: In eyes with BRC, greater perivascular thickening was associated with increased vitreous haze (P = 0.009) and retinal vascular leakage on fluorescein angiography (P = 0.0001). Perivascular thickening was correlated with central subfield thickness and total macular volume on optical coherence tomography. Controlling for central subfield thickness and total macular volume, the odds of higher severity level of perivascular thickening were nine times greater in eyes with BRC than those with intermediate uveitis (P , 0.0001). Eyes with BRC and active inflammation were more likely to have moderate or severe perivascular thickening (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Perivascular thickening, determined by optical coherence tomography, may be a useful noninvasive biomarker of inflammation in eyes with BRC. RETINA 0:1-8, 2018 U veitis is a group of inflammatory disorders that account for approximately 10% of blindness in people of working age in the western world. 1 Although the term "uveitis" implies involvement of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, the retina, retinal blood vessels, vitreous, and optic nerve may be From the
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Jul 22, 2019
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Jul 13, 2018
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, May 1, 2016
Ophthalmic surgery, lasers & imaging retina, May 1, 2020
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of sex differences on the presenting features, t... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of sex differences on the presenting features, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes in patients with central retinal vein occlusions (CRVO). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study included 476 patients diagnosed with CRVO over a 7-year period. Charts were reviewed and clinical data were abstracted. RESULTS: The average age at CRVO onset was lower in males (63.8 years vs. 66.1 years; P = .048). More males (104/224, 54%) had an ischemic CRVO compared to females (113/252, 45%) at 12 months ( P = .05). Males with CRVO had a greater central subfield thickness at the baseline (546.7 ± 306.8 μm vs. 438.4 ± 252.9 μm; P = .003) and final visits (343 ± 179.5 μm vs. 304.6 ± 176.2 μm; P = .005). Foveal avascular zone enlargement was more likely in males (39/102, 38% vs. 29/116, 25%; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Sex differences exist in presenting features of patients with CRVO. Further inquiry may help provide individualized recommendations for management of CRVO. [ Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:279–285.]
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, May 1, 2003
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Apr 22, 2011
Rivista Di Neuroradiologia, Jun 1, 2012
Radial diffusivity is a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metric that has received increased attenti... more Radial diffusivity is a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metric that has received increased attention in recent studies as a parameter that may better reflect myelination than the more commonly-used fractional anisotropy (FA). This study compared rates of radial diffusivity decrease against FA increase and axial diffusivity decrease on DTI maps in the corpus callosum of normal infants during the first postnatal year. Fifty-three normal infants (range: 0-52 weeks adjusted for gestational age) underwent six-direction DTI on a 1.5 Tesla scanner (b= 1,000 s/mm(2), one excitation). A single individual placed regions of interest on FA maps in the genu 1) and radial diffusivity (i.e., λ and splenium to obtain axial (i.e., 3)/2]), FA and ADC. We calculated mean and median values for FA, λ 2+λ[ ADC, radial diffusivity and axial diffusivity in each of four 13-week epochs and measured the percent change over the first year of life. Within the genu, radial diffusivity decreased 36%, FA increased 25%, ADC decreased 22% and axial diffusivity decreased 10%. Within the splenium, radial diffusivity decreased 53%, FA increased 43%, ADC decreased 38%, and axial diffusivity decreased 23%. For both genu and splenium, the greatest difference was seen in radial diffusivity values, followed in order by FA, ADC and axial diffusivity. Furthermore, decreases in radial diffusivity were on the order of two to threefold greater than those in axial diffusivity. The high rate of radial diffusivity decrease compared to axial diffusivity decrease is consistent with myelination. Decreases in radial diffusivity were greater than increases in FA values. This finding is further support of the concept that radial diffusivity and FA values represent two different types of microstructural change during development of white matter.
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Papers by Sandra Stinnett